Effects of exercise on bone marrow adipose tissue in children with overweight/obesity: role of liver fat.

Context: Exercise reduces adiposity, but its influence on bone marrow fat fraction (BMFF) is unknown; nor is it known whether a reduction in liver fat content mediates this reduction.

Objectives: (i) To determine whether incorporating exercise into a lifestyle program reduces the lumbar spine (LS)-BMFF, and (ii), to investigate whether changes in liver fat mediate any such effect.

Design: Ancillary analysis of a two-arm, parallel, non-randomized clinical trial.

Liver Fat, Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue, and Bone Mineral Density in Children With Overweight.

Context: Hepatic steatosis is associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD). Bone marrow fat fraction (BMFF) could play a role in this relationship in children with obesity.

Objective: The objectives of this work were (i) to examine the relationship between the lumbar spine (LS) BMFF and BMD, and (ii) to explore the mediating role of LS-BMFF on the relationship between percentage hepatic fat with LS-BMD in preadolescent children with overweight/obesity.

Differences in specific abdominal fat depots between metabolically healthy and unhealthy children with overweight/obesity: The role of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Objectives: Fat depots localization has a critical role in the metabolic health status of adults. Nevertheless, whether that is also the case in children remains under-studied. Therefore, the aims of this study were: (i) to examine the differences between metabolically healthy (MHO) and unhealthy (MUO) overweight/obesity phenotypes on specific abdominal fat depots, and (ii) to further explore whether cardiorespiratory fitness plays a major role in the differences between metabolic phenotypes among children with overweight/obesity.

Effect of a Multicomponent Intervention on Hepatic Steatosis Is Partially Mediated by the Reduction of Intermuscular Abdominal Adipose Tissue in Children With Overweight or Obesity: The EFIGRO Project.

Objective: In adults, there is evidence that improvement of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) depends on the reduction of myosteatosis. In children, in whom the prevalence of MAFLD is alarming, this muscle-liver crosstalk has not been tested. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether the effects of a multicomponent intervention on hepatic fat is mediated by changes in intermuscular abdominal adipose tissue (IMAAT) in children with overweight/obesity.

Associations of fitness and physical activity with specific abdominal fat depots in children with overweight/obesity.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between physical fitness and physical activity (PA) with specific abdominal fat depots and their potential implications for cardiometabolic risk and insulin resistance (IR) in children with overweight/obesity.

Materials And Methods: A total of 116 children with overweight/obesity (10.7 ± 1.

The Effect of a Family-Based Lifestyle Education Program on Dietary Habits, Hepatic Fat and Adiposity Markers in 8-12-Year-Old Children with Overweight/Obesity.

Healthy lifestyle education programs are recommended for obesity prevention and treatment. However, there is no previous information on the effects of these programs on the reduction of hepatic fat percentage. The aims were (i) to examine the effectiveness of a 22-week family-based lifestyle education program on dietary habits, and (ii) to explore the associations of changes in dietary intake with percent hepatic fat reduction and adiposity in children with overweight/obesity.

Associations of physical activity and fitness with hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes, and insulin resistance in children with overweight/obesity.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common liver disease in childhood and is related to insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Evidence supporting the association of fitness and physical activity with hepatic fat, liver enzymes, or triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio is scarce in children.

Objective: To analyze the associations of physical fitness and physical activity (PA) with percentage hepatic fat, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk in children with overweight/obesity.

Hepatic fat content and bone mineral density in children with overweight/obesity.

Objectives: To examine the influence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatic fat content on bone mineral density (BMD), and to investigate whether the relationship between NAFLD and BMD is independent of lifestyle factors related to BMD.

Methods: Hepatic fat content (magnetic resonance imaging), BMD, lean mass index, total and abdominal fat mass (dual-energy-X-ray absorptiometry), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (accelerometry), and calcium and vitamin D intake (two 24 h recalls) were measured in 115 children with overweight/obesity aged 10.6 ± 1.

Prevention of diabetes in overweight/obese children through a family based intervention program including supervised exercise (PREDIKID project): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The global pandemic of obesity has led to an increased risk for prediabetes and type-2 diabetes (T2D). The aims of the current project are: (1) to evaluate the effect of a 22-week family based intervention program, including supervised exercise, on insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) risk in children with a high risk of developing T2D and (2) to identify the profile of microRNA in circulating exosomes and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children with a high risk of developing T2D and its response to a multidisciplinary intervention program including exercise.

Methods: A total of 84 children, aged 8-12 years, with a high risk of T2D will be included and randomly assigned to control (N = 42) or intervention (N = 42) groups.

Follow-up of aneurysm neck diameter after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

We assessed aneurysm neck diameter change after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) and its relationship to stent-graft diameter. Ninety-eight patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm who underwent EVAR were studied with multislice computed tomography following a standardized protocol. A preoperative study and immediate postoperative, 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up studies were performed.

Integrated FDG PET/CT: Utility and Applications in Clinical Oncology.

Accurate diagnosis and staging are essential for an optimal management of cancer patients. Positron emision tomography with 2-deoxy-2-fluorine-18-fluoro-D-glucose ((18)FDG-PET) and, more recently, (18)FDG-PET/computed tomography ((18)FDG-PET/CT) have emerged as powerful imaging tools in oncology, because of the valuable functional information they provide. The combined acquisition of PET and CT has synergistic advantages over its isolated constituents and minimizes their limitations.

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography: diagnostic accuracy in lymphoma.

An accurate initial staging of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is critical for the selection of an appropriate treatment. Computed tomography (CT) remains the standard imaging technique, although it is based on anatomic criteria. Positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-d-glucose (FDG) provides useful functional information but requires anatomical correlation to localise lesions accurately.

PET/CT in lymphoma: prospective study of enhanced full-dose PET/CT versus unenhanced low-dose PET/CT.

Unlabelled: PET/CT combines functional and morphologic data and increases diagnostic accuracy in a variety of malignancies. This study prospectively compares the agreement between contrast-enhanced full-dose PET/CT and unenhanced low-dose PET/CT in lesion detection and initial staging of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Methods: Forty-seven biopsy-proven lymphoma patients underwent a 18F-FDG PET/CT study that included unenhanced low-dose CT and enhanced full-dose CT for initial staging.

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The incidence of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is around 8% of all malignancies. Fortunately, HD and NHL are among the few malignancies that are potentially curable with current existing treatment modalities, even in advanced or recurrent disease. Accurate staging, early therapy monitoring, and posttreatment evaluation of lymphomas are important for optimum management of these patients.

Correlation between the measurement of transverse diameter in the proximal neck on computed tomography and on aortography before endovascular treatment of infrarenal aortic aneurysm.

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the measurement of transverse diameter of the proximal neck on computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and graduated catheter aortography in patients who are candidates for endovascular graft placement in order to replace, if both measurements are equivalent, aortography for CTA alone. Preoperative dual-slice CTA and graduated catheter aortography were performed in 35 consecutive patients with infrarenal aortic aneurysm within 10 days. Transverse proximal neck diameters were measured on a true axial section on CTA reconstructions and on aortographic images, always 6 mm distal from the most inferior main renal artery.