Publications by authors named "Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla"

Background: Studying severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit improves our understanding of potential factors affecting maternal health.

Aim: To review evidence on maternal exposure to intimate partner violence and social determinants of health in women with severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit.

Methods: The protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42016037492).

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  • Estimating health loss trends in Peru from 1990 to 2019 is crucial for improving healthcare resource allocation and system performance, using data from the Global Burden of Disease study.
  • The Peruvian population rose to 33.9 million by 2019, with life expectancy at birth increasing from 69.2 to 80.3 years, largely due to a decrease in under-5 mortality and infectious diseases, while disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) showed a decline in overall health burden.
  • There was a notable shift towards non-communicable diseases as the leading cause of health loss, with major contributors to DALYs in 2019 including neonatal disorders, lower respiratory infections, and lifestyle
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  • HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, with current efforts falling short of global targets for eradication set by UNAIDS and the SDGs.
  • The study utilized extensive data from various HIV prevalence surveys to estimate localized HIV infection rates across 43 African countries, focusing on specific age and sex groups from 2000 to 2018.
  • Findings revealed wide disparities in HIV prevalence within countries and districts, indicating that age and sex stratification provides more nuanced insights into the epidemic, which can help tailor prevention and treatment efforts more effectively.
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  • The GBD 2019 study systematically estimated the global cancer burden, providing data on incidence, mortality, and disability to help address cancer worldwide.
  • In 2019, an estimated 23.6 million new cancer cases and 10 million cancer deaths occurred globally, marking significant increases in rates since 2010, with cancer becoming a leading cause of both death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
  • The impact of cancer varied across sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles, with higher SDI areas seeing more new cases, while middle SDI areas experienced more deaths and DALYs, highlighting disparities in cancer burden.
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Background: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria.

Methods: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation.

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  • Injuries significantly impact global health, with the number of injury deaths rising from approximately 4.26 million in 1990 to about 4.48 million in 2017, despite a decline in age-standardized mortality rates.
  • The Global Burden of Disease study measured both fatal and non-fatal injuries through years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), which were combined into disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
  • While overall injury incidence increased, age-standardized DALYs decreased, indicating a need for ongoing research focused on injury prevention, better data collection, and improving access to medical care in high-burden areas.
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  • - The study investigates how sociodemographic factors relate to injury-related health outcomes worldwide, specifically analyzing disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from injuries across 195 countries from 1990 to 2017.
  • - Findings show that while most injury causes display a trend of decreasing DALY rates with higher Socio-demographic Index (SDI), certain injuries like road injuries, interpersonal violence, and self-harm deviate from this trend, indicating complex underlying factors.
  • - The research highlights the importance of understanding these injury patterns to improve health strategies and intervention efforts at both national and global levels, especially since not all injuries follow the same developmental trajectory.
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  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) is linked to higher rates of severe acute maternal morbidity and worse neonatal outcomes, with a significant difference observed in a study from Lima, Peru.
  • The study found that 58.7% of women in the ICU experienced IPV, compared to 27.5% of those not admitted, and identified multiple risk factors such as fewer antenatal visits and previous abortions.
  • The findings highlight the critical need for healthcare providers to discuss IPV during prenatal visits to mitigate risks for both mothers and their babies.
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Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2-to end preventable child deaths by 2030-we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends.

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  • Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a significant threat to global development, with slow progress in addressing these issues highlighted by the recent UN meeting; key barriers include a lack of situational analyses and prioritization for effective action against NCDs.* -
  • The study aims to provide comprehensive data on cancer burden across 29 cancer types in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017, utilizing the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methods to analyze cancer incidence, mortality, and disability metrics.* -
  • In 2017, there were 24.5 million new cancer cases globally, with significant variations based on socio-demographic factors; the majority of cancer-related disabilities stemmed
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Importance: Understanding global variation in firearm mortality rates could guide prevention policies and interventions.

Objective: To estimate mortality due to firearm injury deaths from 1990 to 2016 in 195 countries and territories.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study used deidentified aggregated data including 13 812 location-years of vital registration data to generate estimates of levels and rates of death by age-sex-year-location.

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Aim: To implement an educational programme for nursing staff on recognising, reporting and managing resident-to-resident elder mistreatment in aged care facilities.

Background: The phenomenon of a growing ageing population increases the demand of optimum care for older people living in aged care facilities. Caring for older people is complex, but should include the management of aggressive interaction between them.

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Aim: To review evidence concerning educational programs for nursing staff on management of resident-to-resident elder mistreatment with the aim of preventing and reducing this abuse in residential aged care homes.

Background: Although elder abuse has received considerable attention, very little is known regarding resident-to-resident elder mistreatment in residential aged care homes and about interventions/programs to prevent and reduce this harm. Nurses play an essential role in identifying and managing aggressive interactions.

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Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) considerably harms the health, safety and well-being of women. In response, public health systems around the globe have been gradually implementing strategies. In particular, low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) have been developing innovative interventions in primary healthcare (PHC) addressing the problem.

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Introduction: Preventing and reducing violence against women (VAW) and maternal mortality are Sustainable Development Goals. Worldwide, the maternal mortality ratio has fallen about 44% in the last 25 years, and for one maternal death there are many women affected by severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM) requiring management in the intensive care unit (ICU). These women represent the most critically ill obstetric patients of the maternal morbidity spectrum and should be studied to complement the review of maternal mortality.

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Importance: Comprehensive and timely monitoring of disease burden in all age groups, including children and adolescents, is essential for improving population health.

Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of mortality and nonfatal health outcomes among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2015 to provide a framework for policy discussion.

Evidence Review: Cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes were analyzed for 195 countries and territories by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2015 using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling, with subsequent analysis of the findings to describe levels and trends across geography and time among children and adolescents 19 years or younger.

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  • - The study focuses on the issue of maternal mortality and morbidity, particularly looking at obstetric patients in intensive care units (ICUs), and how social determinants and intimate partner violence impact their health outcomes.
  • - A systematic review method will be utilized to collect data from various databases, examining studies conducted from 2000 to 2016 that relate to these issues in obstetric care.
  • - Ethics review is unnecessary as the study analyzes existing published data, and results will be shared at conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal for wider dissemination.
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