Inactivated rabies vaccines: Standardization of an in vitro assay for residual viable virus detection.

Human rabies, a neglected viral zoonosis, is preventable through domestic animals vaccination and post-exposure prophylaxis using inactivated rabies vaccines. During vaccine production, several mandatory in vivo quality control trials, such as potency, live virus, and safety, are responsible for the use of large numbers of laboratory animals. Over the years, global organizations encouraged the development of alternative methods to reduce, replace and refine the use of animals in the pharmaceutical industry.