Affinity of Malassezia and Other Yeasts for Pulmonary Lipids.

Pulmonary surfactant, the primary substance lining the epithelium of the human Lower Respiratory Tract (LRT), is rich in lipids, with dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) being the most abundant. Although surfactants are known to have antifungal activity against some yeast species, the significant presence of species like Malassezia restricta in the lung mycobiome suggests that these yeasts may exhibit some level of lipo-tolerance or even lipo-affinity for pulmonary lipids. This study explored the affinity and tolerance of yeasts, identified as significant members of the lung microbiome, to pulmonary lipids through culture-based methods.

A systematic review of lifestyle-based interventions for managing Alzheimer's disease: Insights from randomized controlled trials.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge in healthcare, prompting exploration into non-pharmacological interventions to complement traditional treatments.

Objective: This systematic review explores the efficacy of lifestyle-based interventions in managing AD.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus between 2018 and 2023, selecting randomized controlled trials examining factors such as exercise, diet, stress, and cognitive training in AD patients.

Aerobic capacity and muscle proteome: Insights from a mouse model.

We explored the association between aerobic capacity (AC) and the skeletal muscle proteome of McArdle (n = 10) and wild-type (n = 8) mice, as models of intrinsically 'low' and 'normal' AC, respectively. AC was determined as total distance achieved in treadmill running until exhaustion. The quadriceps muscle proteome was studied using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database used to generate protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and enrichment analyses.

Violet Light Effects on the Circadian Rest-Activity Rhythm and the Visual System.

Background: Rooms illuminated by "black light" (<400 nm wavelength) has become popular, but there is not enough scientific evidence to support its implementation. This study aims to assess the effects of violet light (392 nm) on the circadian rest-activity rhythm and the visual system through animal experimentation.

Materials And Results: Five groups of four mice were exposed to different white light, violet light, and dark periods, and their circadian rhythm was analyzed by measuring the circadian period using rest-activity cycles.

Exercise Intolerance in McArdle Disease: A Role for Cardiac Impairment? A Preliminary Study in Humans and Mice.

Introduction: Whether cardiac impairment can be fully discarded in McArdle disease-the paradigm of "exercise intolerance," caused by inherited deficiency of the skeletal muscle-specific glycogen phosphorylase isoform ("myophosphorylase")-remains to be determined.

Methods: Eight patients with McArdle disease and seven age/sex-matched controls performed a 15-min moderate, constant-load cycle-ergometer exercise bout followed by a maximal ramp test. Electrocardiographic and two-dimensional transthoracic (for cardiac dimension's assessment) and speckle tracking (for left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessments) echocardiographic evaluations were performed at baseline.

Immunomodulatory activity of argentatins A and B isolated from guayule.

Argentatins are secondary metabolites synthesized by guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) with numerous potential medical applications. In addition to inhibiting insect growth, they are endowed with several pharmacological properties including antimicrobial and antitumorigenic activity.

New Mediators in the Crosstalk between Different Adipose Tissues.

Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ that regulates many physiological processes such as energy homeostasis, nutrition, the regulation of insulin sensitivity, body temperature, and immune response. In this review, we highlight the relevance of the different mediators that control adipose tissue activity through a systematic review of the main players present in white and brown adipose tissues. Among them, inflammatory mediators secreted by the adipose tissue, such as classical adipokines and more recent ones, elements of the immune system infiltrated into the adipose tissue (certain cell types and interleukins), as well as the role of intestinal microbiota and derived metabolites, have been reviewed.

The effect of physical exercise on anticancer immunity.

Regular physical activity is associated with lower cancer incidence and mortality, as well as with a lower rate of tumour recurrence. The epidemiological evidence is supported by preclinical studies in animal models showing that regular exercise delays the progression of cancer, including highly aggressive malignancies. Although the mechanisms underlying the antitumorigenic effects of exercise remain to be defined, an improvement in cancer immunosurveillance is likely important, with different immune cell subtypes stimulated by exercise to infiltrate tumours.

Mesoangioblasts at 20: From the embryonic aorta to the patient bed.

In 2002 we published an article describing a population of vessel-associated progenitors that we termed mesoangioblasts (MABs). During the past decade evidence had accumulated that during muscle development and regeneration things may be more complex than a simple sequence of binary choices (e.g.

Influence of Cytokines on Inflammatory Eye Diseases: A Citation Network Study.

Background: The main objective of this study was to use citation networks to analyze the relationship between different publications on the impact of cytokines at an ocular level and their authors. Furthermore, the different research areas will be identified, and the most cited publications determined.

Methods: A search was performed in the Web of Science (WoS) database using the following keywords: "cytokine", "inflammatory", and "eye disease" for the period from 1990 to October 2021.

Application of low-intensity pulsed therapeutic ultrasound on mesenchymal precursors does not affect their cell properties.

Ultrasound is considered a safe and non-invasive tool in regenerative medicine and has been used in the clinic for more than twenty years for applications in bone healing after the approval of the Exogen device, also known as low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Beyond its effects on bone health, LIPUS has also been investigated for wound healing of soft tissues, with positive results for various cell processes including cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. As LIPUS has the potential to treat chronic skin wounds, we sought to evaluate the effects produced by a conventional therapeutic ultrasound device at low intensities (also considered LIPUS) on the migration capacity of mouse and human skin mesenchymal precursors (s-MPs).

The Domestic Environment and the Lung Mycobiome.

This study analyzes the relationship between the mycobiome of the Lower Respiratory Tract (LRT) and the fungi in the domestic environment. Samples studied consisted of Broncho-Alveolar Lavage (BAL) from 45 patients who underwent bronchoscopy for different diagnostic purposes, and dust and air from the houses (ENV) of 20 of them (44.4%).

Lifestyle interventions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.

Hypertension affects approximately one third of the world's adult population and is a major cause of premature death despite considerable advances in pharmacological treatments. Growing evidence supports the use of lifestyle interventions for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of hypertension. In this Review, we provide a summary of the epidemiological research supporting the preventive and antihypertensive effects of major lifestyle interventions (regular physical exercise, body weight management and healthy dietary patterns), as well as other less traditional recommendations such as stress management and the promotion of adequate sleep patterns coupled with circadian entrainment.

Ultrasound Therapy: Experiences and Perspectives for Regenerative Medicine.

Ultrasound has emerged as a novel tool for clinical applications, particularly in the context of regenerative medicine. Due to its unique physico-mechanical properties, low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) has been approved for accelerated fracture healing and for the treatment of established non-union, but its utility has extended beyond tissue engineering to other fields, including cell regeneration. Cells and tissues respond to acoustic ultrasound by switching on genetic repair circuits, triggering a cascade of molecular signals that promote cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, differentiation, and extracellular matrix production.

BMPER is upregulated in obesity and seems to have a role in pericardial adipose stem cells.

Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), a visceral fat depot enveloping the heart, is an active endocrine organ and a source of free fatty acids and inflammatory cytokines. As in other fat adult tissues, PAT contains a population of adipose stem cells; however, whether these cells and/or their environment play a role in physiopathology is unknown. We analyzed several stem cell-related properties of pericardial adipose stem cells (PSCs) isolated from obese and ex-obese mice.

Benefits of exercise and immunotherapy in a murine model of human non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

Background: Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rate in the world. One of the most promising new cancer therapies in recent years is immunotherapy, which is based on the blockade of immune checkpoints such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Exercise training is beneficial to maintain and improve the quality of life of cancer patients, and it might also modulate the anti-tumoral efficiency of some chemotherapeutic agents.

Successful aging: insights from proteome analyses of healthy centenarians.

Healthy aging depends on a complex gene-environment network that is ultimately reflected in the expression of different proteins. We aimed to perform a comparative analysis of the plasma proteome of healthy centenarians (n=9, 5 women, age range 100-103 years) with a notably preserved ambulatory capacity (as a paradigm of 'successful' aging), and control individuals who died from a major age-related disease before the expected life expectancy (n=9, 5 women, age range: 67-81 years), and while having impaired ambulatory capacity (as a paradigm of 'unsuccessful' aging). We found that the expression of 49 proteins and 86 pathways differed between the two groups.

Adipokines disrupt cardiac differentiation and cardiomyocyte survival.

Background: The role of adipose tissue in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease remains a major subject of research. The objective of the present study was to dissect the molecular mechanisms that regulate the survival and differentiation of cardiac cells in an obese environment.

Material And Methods: We isolated murine/human cardiac cells from adult hearts of control and obese mice/subjects and analyzed the communication between cardiac cells and adipocytes in vitro, as well as the effects on their main functions such as survival and differentiation.

Functional Assays of Stem Cell Properties Derived from Different Niches.

It has been described that adult tissues contain mesenchymal stem cell populations. The specific areas where stem cells reside are known as niches. Crosstalk between cells and their niche is essential to maintain the correct functionality of stem cell.

Muscle molecular adaptations to endurance exercise training are conditioned by glycogen availability: a proteomics-based analysis in the McArdle mouse model.

Key Points: Although they are unable to utilize muscle glycogen, McArdle mice adapt favourably to an individualized moderate-intensity endurance exercise training regime. Yet, they fail to reach the performance capacity of healthy mice with normal glycogen availability. There is a remarkable difference in the protein networks involved in muscle tissue adaptations to endurance exercise training in mice with and without glycogen availability.

Importance and regulation of adult stem cell migration.

Cell migration is an essential process throughout the life of vertebrates, beginning during embryonic development and continuing throughout adulthood. Stem cells have an inherent ability to migrate, that is as important as their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, enabling them to maintain tissue homoeostasis and mediate repair and regeneration. Adult stem cells reside in specific tissue niches, where they remain in a quiescent state until called upon and activated by tissue environmental signals.