[Prevalence of supraesophageal manifestations in patients with gastroesophageal erosive and non-erosive reflux disease].

Background: Respiratory, ear-nose and throat complaints, chest pain and dysphagia can be a part of clinical manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The first two are named supraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Controversy about the prevalence of these clinical manifestations in patients with non-erosive and erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease exists.

[Relationship between the size of hiatal hernia and esophageal acid exposure time in erosive and non-erosive reflux disease].

Background: In the last few years studies have demonstrated that hiatal hernias have an important role in the pathogenesis of reflux disease, promoting reflux by many different mechanisms, emphasizing that the larger the hiatal hernia, the higher the reflux intensity and erosive esophagitis prevalence.

Aim: To correlate the size of hiatal hernias (small or large) with reflux intensity (measured by pH monitoring parameters) in patients with non-erosive and erosive reflux disease.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed pH monitoring from patients with typical reflux symptoms (heartburn) previously submitted to upper endoscopy.

Ineffective esophageal motility in gastroesophageal erosive reflux disease and in nonerosive reflux disease: are they different?

Background: In GERD patients, ineffective esophageal motility (IEM), a hypocontractile disorder, is the most common motor abnormality. IEM has been associated with reflux in both the supine and upright position, prolonged esophageal clearance, and delayed of bolus transport. IEM has been equally present in erosive and in nonerosive GERD.