Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Using Methanol Fixation and Cryopreservation.

Introduction: The application of single-cell RNA sequencing has greatly improved our understanding of various cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, obtaining living cells for this technique can be difficult under certain conditions. To solve this problem, the methanol fixation method appeared as a promising alternative for routine clinical use.

The Contribution of Multiplexing Single Cell RNA Sequencing in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Decades ago, the treatment for acute myeloid leukemia relied on cytarabine and anthracycline. However, advancements in medical research have introduced targeted therapies, initially employing monoclonal antibodies such as ant-CD52 and anti-CD123, and subsequently utilizing specific inhibitors that target molecular mutations like anti-IDH1, IDH2, or FLT3. The challenge lies in determining the role of these therapeutic options, considering the inherent tumor heterogeneity associated with leukemia diagnosis and the clonal drift that this type of tumor can undergo.

Defining Anorectal Transition Zone Heterogeneity Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.

Special regions called transition zones (TZs) are found at numerous places in the body. TZs represent the junction between two different types of epithelia and are located between the esophagus and the stomach, in the cervix, in the eye, and between the anal canal and the rectum. TZ is a heterogeneous population, and the detailed characterization of its populations requires an analysis at the single-cell level.

In Vivo Model for Isolating Epithelial Cells of the Anorectal Transition Zone.

Different epithelia line the body and organs and form a continuous lining of cells. The junction of two different types of epithelia represents a special region called transition zone (TZ). TZ are small areas found in numerous places in the body such as between the esophagus and the stomach, in the cervix, in the eye, and between the anal canal and the rectum.

Transcriptional Response in a Sepsis Mouse Model Reflects Transcriptional Response in Sepsis Patients.

Mortality due to sepsis remains unacceptably high, especially for septic shock patients. Murine models have been used to better understand pathophysiology mechanisms. However, the mouse model is still under debate.

The contribution of single-cell analysis of acute leukemia in the therapeutic strategy.

After decades during which the treatment of acute myeloblastic leukemia was limited to variations around a skeleton of cytarabine/anthracycline, targeted therapies appeared. These therapies, first based on monoclonal antibodies, also rely on specific inhibitors of various molecular abnormalities. A significant but modest prognosis improvement has been observed thanks to these new treatments that are limited by a high rate of relapse, due to the intrinsic chemo and immune-resistance of leukemia stem cell, together with the acquisition of these resistances by clonal evolution.

Prenatal maternal vitamin D deficiency sex-dependently programs adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis in offspring.

In utero environment is crucial to ensure normal development of the fetus and to program metabolic health throughout the life. Beside macronutrients, the role of micronutrients, including vitamin D, begins to be explore. The aim of this study was to decipher the impact of maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD), in normal and high-fat (HF) diet context, on adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis in offspring, considering sex-specific responses.

Response of Downy Oak Willd.) to Climate Change: Transcriptome Assembly, Differential Gene Analysis and Targeted Metabolomics.

Global change scenarios in the Mediterranean basin predict a precipitation reduction within the coming hundred years. Therefore, increased drought will affect forests both in terms of adaptive ecology and ecosystemic services. However, how vegetation might adapt to drought is poorly understood.

A critical regulator of Bcl2 revealed by systematic transcript discovery of lncRNAs associated with T-cell differentiation.

Normal T-cell differentiation requires a complex regulatory network which supports a series of maturation steps, including lineage commitment, T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement, and thymic positive and negative selection. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are difficult to assess due to limited T-cell models. Here we explore the use of the pro-T-cell line P5424 to study early T-cell differentiation.

A transcriptomic signature predicting septic outcome in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment for multiple myeloma and relapsed or refractory lymphomas. After autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, hematologic reconstitution and infectious complications are the two most critical issues. Although many patients develop infectious complications after therapeutic intensification, it remains impossible to predict infection for each individual.

The nature of the electron acceptor (MnIV/NO3) triggers the differential expression of genes associated with stress and ammonium limitation responses in Shewanella algae C6G3.

Shewanella algae C6G3 can dissimilatively reduce nitrate into ammonium and manganese oxide (MnIV) into MnII. It has the unusual ability to anaerobically produce nitrite from ammonium in the presence of MnIV. To gain insight into their metabolic capabilities, global mRNA expression patterns were investigated by RNA-seq and qRT-PCR in cells growing with lactate and ammonium as carbon and nitrogen sources, and with either MnIV or nitrate as electron acceptors.

Transcriptional Profiling of Midguts Prepared from -Positive Collected from Two Distinct Cameroonian Foci: Coordinated Signatures of the Midguts' Remodeling As -Supportive Niches.

Our previous transcriptomic analysis of experimentally infected or not with aimed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with infection. Specifically, we selected candidate genes governing tsetse fly vector competence that could be used in the context of an anti-vector strategy, to control human and/or animal trypanosomiasis. The present study aimed to verify whether gene expression in field tsetse flies () is modified in response to natural infection by trypanosomes (), as reported when insectary-raised flies () are experimentally infected with .

Omics analysis of mouse brain models of human diseases.

The identification of common gene/protein profiles related to brain alterations, if they exist, may indicate the convergence of the pathogenic mechanisms driving brain disorders. Six genetically engineered mouse lines modelling neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders were considered. Omics approaches, including transcriptomic and proteomic methods, were used.

CD8 T Cells from Human Neonates Are Biased toward an Innate Immune Response.

To better understand why human neonates show a poor response to intracellular pathogens, we compared gene expression and histone modification profiles of neonatal naive CD8 T cells with that of their adult counterparts. We found that neonatal lymphocytes have a distinct epigenomic landscape associated with a lower expression of genes involved in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and cytotoxicity and a higher expression of genes involved in the cell cycle and innate immunity. Functional studies corroborated that neonatal CD8 T cells are less cytotoxic, transcribe antimicrobial peptides, and produce reactive oxygen species.

Deciphering the adaptation strategies of Desulfovibrio piezophilus to hydrostatic pressure through metabolic and transcriptional analyses.

Desulfovibrio piezophilus strain C1TLV30(T) is a mesophilic piezophilic sulfate-reducer isolated from Wood Falls at 1700 m depth in the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we analysed the effect of the hydrostatic pressure on this deep-sea living bacterium at the physiologic and transcriptomic levels. Our results showed that lactate oxidation and energy metabolism were affected by the hydrostatic pressure.

Vitamin D interacts with Esr1 and Igf1 to regulate molecular pathways relevant to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests a potential therapeutic benefit of vitamin D supplementation against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although studies have shown improvements in cognitive performance and decreases in markers of the pathology after chronic treatment, the mechanisms by which vitamin D acts on brain cells are multiple and remain to be thoroughly studied. We analyzed the molecular changes observed after 5 months of vitamin D3 supplementation in the brains of transgenic 5xFAD (Tg) mice, a recognized mouse model of AD, and their wild type (Wt) littermates.

Temporal gene profiling of the 5XFAD transgenic mouse model highlights the importance of microglial activation in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The 5XFAD early onset mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is gaining momentum. Behavioral, electrophysiological and anatomical studies have identified age-dependent alterations that can be reminiscent of human AD. However, transcriptional changes during disease progression have not yet been investigated.

Identification of overexpressed genes in Sodalis glossinidius inhabiting trypanosome-infected self-cured tsetse flies.

Sodalis glossinidius, one of the three tsetse fly maternally inherited symbionts, was previously shown to favor fly infection by trypanosomes, the parasites causing human sleeping sickness. Among a population of flies taking a trypanosome-infected blood meal, only a few individuals will acquire the parasite; the others will escape infection and be considered as refractory to trypanosome infection. The aim of the work was to investigate whether fly refractoriness could be associated with specific Sodalis gene expression.

The transcriptional signatures of Sodalis glossinidius in the Glossina palpalis gambiensis flies negative for Trypanosoma brucei gambiense contrast with those of this symbiont in tsetse flies positive for the parasite: possible involvement of a Sodalis-hosted prophage in fly Trypanosoma refractoriness?

Tsetse flies, such as Glossina palpalis gambiensis, are blood-feeding insects that could be subverted as hosts of the parasite Trypanosoma brucei gambiense: initiated in the tsetse fly mid gut, the developmental program of this parasite further proceeds in the salivary glands. The flies act as vectors of this human-invasive parasite when their salivary glands sustain the generation of metacyclic trypomastigotes, the exclusive morphotypes pre-programmed to further develop in the human individuals. Briefly, once the metacyclic trypomastigotes have been deposited in the skin of humans from whom the parasite-hosting tsetse flies are taking their blood meals, the complex developmental program of this Trypanosoma brucei subspecies can result in a severe disease named sleeping sickness.

Divergent transcription is associated with promoters of transcriptional regulators.

Background: Divergent transcription is a wide-spread phenomenon in mammals. For instance, short bidirectional transcripts are a hallmark of active promoters, while longer transcripts can be detected antisense from active genes in conditions where the RNA degradation machinery is inhibited. Moreover, many described long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed antisense from coding gene promoters.

Genomic transcriptional profiling in LOU/C/Jall rats identifies genes for successful aging.

Inbred LOU/C/Jall rats are currently described as a model of successful aging. These rats have a longer healthy median lifespan than many other strains, do not develop obesity, diabetes, or tumor and more importantly they do not show cognitive decline with aging. This is the first study to examine gene expression changes in the inbred LOU/C/Jall rat hippocampus and frontal cortex.

Genome-wide analysis of familial dysautonomia and kinetin target genes with patient olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells.

Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder. The most common mutation is a c.2204+6T>C transition in the 5' splice site (5'ss) of IKBKAP intron 20, which causes a tissue-specific skipping of exon 20, resulting in lower synthesis of IKAP/hELP1 protein.

An evaluation of the role of gene expression in the prediction and diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Background: The SepsiChip project explored transcriptional modulation associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit for trauma. Genome-wide expression analysis may help to identify potential diagnostic markers for diseases. The current study examined the changes in blood transcriptome during VAP.

Platelets alter gene expression profile in human brain endothelial cells in an in vitro model of cerebral malaria.

Platelet adhesion to the brain microvasculature has been associated with cerebral malaria (CM) in humans, suggesting that platelets play a role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. In vitro co-cultures have shown that platelets can act as a bridge between Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (pRBC) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBEC) and potentiate HBEC apoptosis. Using cDNA microarray technology, we analyzed transcriptional changes of HBEC in response to platelets in the presence or the absence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and pRBC, which have been reported to alter gene expression in endothelial cells.