Cellular Senescence: The Driving Force of Musculoskeletal Diseases.

The aging of the world population is closely associated with an increased prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteoarthritis, due to common genetic, endocrine, and mechanical risk factors. These conditions are characterized by degeneration of bone, muscle, and cartilage tissue, resulting in an increased risk of fractures and reduced mobility. Importantly, a crucial role in the pathophysiology of these diseases has been proposed for cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest induced by factors such as DNA damage, telomere shortening, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) involve muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, and spinal discs. These conditions can be triggered by both the work environment and the type of work performed, factors that, in some cases, can also exacerbate pre-existing conditions. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the impact that different work-related activities have on the musculoskeletal system.

Metals accumulation affects bone and muscle in osteoporotic patients: A pilot study.

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease, characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and often associated to decreased muscle mass and function. Metal exposure plays a role in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and affects also muscle quality. The aim of this study was to assess the association between metal levels in bone and muscle samples and the degeneration of these tissues.

Methylation of the Vitamin D Receptor Gene in Human Disorders.

The Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) mediates the actions of 1,25-Dihydroxvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)D), which has important roles in bone homeostasis, growth/differentiation of cells, immune functions, and reduction of inflammation. Emerging evidences suggest that epigenetic modifications of the gene, particularly DNA methylation, may contribute to the onset and progression of many human disorders. This review aims to summarize the available information on the role of methylation signatures in different pathological contexts, including autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, and others.

Impact of Work Motivation on Occupational Health in Healthcare Workers.

Objectives: The present cross-sectional study investigated, in a group of Italian healthcare workers (HCWs), the association between work motivation and occupational health and the impact of socio-demographic and job-related variables on this association.

Methods: A total of 656 subjects (nurses, technicians, midwives and physiotherapists) completed the survey. Linear regression models were used to correlate motivation types (by Scale of Motivation At Work) with health indicators (general health, depression, professional exhaustion, satisfaction and turnover intention) and burnout's subscales (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced professional achievement).

Epidemiology of listeriosis in a region in central Italy from 2010 to 2019: Estimating the real incidence and space-time analysis for detecting cluster of cases.

Background: Contamination and transmission of different Listeria monocytogenes strains along food chain are a serious threat to public health and food safety. Understanding the distribution of diseases in time and space-time is fundamental in the epidemiological study and in preventive medicine programs. The aim of this study is to estimate listeriosis incidence along 10-years period and to perform space-time cluster analysis of listeriosis cases in Marche Region, Italy.

Role of the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis: A Genetic, Epigenetic and Molecular Pilot Study.

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates bone development and calcium homeostasis, suggesting a central role in musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoporosis (OP). Several studies have examined the contribution of polymorphisms and epigenetic signatures in bone metabolism and OP risk, with sometimes inconclusive results. Our study aimed to explore the association between genetic variability, expression and the methylation pattern of with the risk of OP in a cohort of Caucasian patients.

COVID-19 isolation/quarantine rules in home care patients.

The spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 new variants increased the number of subjects in home isolation and quarantine. The aim of this study was to assess the compliance with coronavirus disease 2019 home isolation rules for 32 subjects in home care in Marche Region, Italy. The results showed that subjects in home isolation were better informed about isolation rules ( = 0.

Sarcopenia and bone health: new acquisitions for a firm liaison.

Osteosarcopenia (OS) is a newly defined condition represented by the simultaneous presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia, the main age-related diseases. The simultaneous coexistence of the two phenotypes derives from the close connection of the main target tissues involved in their pathogenesis: bone and muscle. These two actors constitute the bone-muscle unit, which communicates through a biochemical and mechanical crosstalk which involves multiple factors.

Attitudes of Healthcare Workers toward Influenza Vaccination in the COVID-19 Era.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are reluctant to participate in the influenza vaccination program, despite their high risk to contract and diffuse influenza due to professional exposure. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic could raise HCW flu vaccination adherence. The aim of this study was to assess HCW attitudes toward influenza vaccination in the COVID-19 era.

Deregulated Clusterin as a Marker of Bone Fragility: New Insights into the Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis.

Clusterin (CLU) is a secreted heterodimeric glycoprotein expressed in all organism fluids as well as in the intracellular matrix that plays key roles in several pathological processes. Its recent involvement in muscle degeneration of osteoporotic patients led to investigation of the role of CLU in bone metabolism, given the biochemical and biomechanical crosstalk of the bone-muscle unit. Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of expression was performed in both osteoblasts and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from osteoporotic patients (OP) and healthy individuals (CTR).

Recognising undernutrition in a community hospital: the nursing judgement is insufficient.

Introduction: Standardised nutritional screening methods improve the rate of recognising older patients with undernutrition, which is strongly encouraged in hospitals and residential settings. Therefore, our study compared the rates of identifying undernutrition before and after introducing the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) in a community hospital.

Methods: This was a single-centre, retrospective, observational before-after study.

COVID-19 in Workplaces: Secondary Transmission.

Objectives: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) contagion at work is well studied for healthcare workers, however it is not enough assessed in other working settings. Very little is known, indeed, about the risk of COVID-19 transmission through occupational exposure in non-health working places. This study aims to describe a COVID-19 cluster among workers in an office in Italy.

How much do patients know about osteoporosis? A survey among patients referred to the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry exam.

Background: Inadequate osteoporosis education can make patients ill-informed concerning preventive and therapeutic interventions and creates misconceptions and unnecessary concerns about the disease.

Aim: Our study aimed to assess whether patients referred to the DXA exam by their general practitioner are informed about risk factors for osteoporosis, comparing patients who received a diagnosis of osteoporosis before the exam with those without this diagnosis.

Methods: An observational single-center study was performed among patients who were referred to the DXA exam at the Osteoporosis Service of Marche Nord Hospital (Fano, Italy) between April and July 2019.

Predictors of adverse outcomes using a multidimensional nursing assessment in an Italian community hospital.

Background: There is growing evidence about the role of nurses in patient outcomes in several healthcare settings. However, there is still a lack of evidence about the transitional care setting. We aimed to assess the association between patient characteristics identified in a multidimensional nursing assessment and outcomes of mortality and acute hospitalization during community hospital stay.

Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections in Geriatric Hospitalized Patients before and after the COVID-19 Outbreak: Results from a Retrospective Observational Study in Two Geriatric Wards.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess prevalence, etiology, and association with mortality of MDR bacteria in older adult patients before and after the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. An observational retrospective study was conducted in two geriatric wards of the Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Fano, and of the INRCA, IRCCS, Ancona, in the Marche Region, Italy, from December 2019 to February 2020 and from May to July 2020.

A European Research Agenda for Geriatric Emergency Medicine: a modified Delphi study.

Purpose: Geriatric Emergency Medicine (GEM) focuses on delivering optimal care to (sub)acutely ill older people. This involves a multidisciplinary approach throughout the whole healthcare chain. However, the underpinning evidence base is weak and it is unclear which research questions have the highest priority.

How to improve the identification of patients with cancer eligible for genetic counselling?

Objective: International guidelines recommend genetic counselling and if indicated the genetic testing for treatment, disease prevention and follow-up for patients and their relatives. However, there is limited utilisation of genetic counselling. This study aimed to verify whether an individual semi-structured guideline-based interview improves the identification of patients eligible for genetic counselling.

Potentially preventable visits to the emergency department in older adults: Results from a national survey in Italy.

Background: Despite older adults use emergency department more appropriately than other age groups, there is a significant share of admissions that can be considered potentially preventable.

Objective: To identify socio-demographic characteristics and health care resources use of older adults admitted to emergency department for a potentially preventable visit.

Design: Data come from the Multipurpose Survey "Health conditions and use of health services", edition 2012-2013.

The earlier the better: health-related quality of life is inversely related to age of smoking cessation in older former Italian smokers.

Background: Quitting smoking has several health benefits, including an improvement in health-related quality of life. It is not well established if there is a relationship between the age when people stop smoking and health-related quality of life in older adults.

Aims: The primary aim was to investigate the relationship between health-related quality of life and the age when people quit smoking in a national representative sample of community-dwelling older Italian adults.

Anticholinergic drug use and negative outcomes among the frail elderly population living in a nursing home.

Aim: Increasing evidence from experimental studies and clinical observations suggests that drugs with anticholinergic properties can cause physical and mental impairment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the use of drugs with anticholinergic activity and negative outcomes in older nursing home residents.

Methods: We used data from the database of the U.

Subsyndromal delirium and its determinants in elderly patients hospitalized for acute medical illness.

Background: In older individuals, acute medical illnesses and admission to hospital are often associated with a deterioration of cognitive status, also in the absence of dementia and full-blown delirium. We evaluated the prevalence of subsyndromal delirium (SSD) and its correlates in a sample of elderly medical inpatients.

Methods: From 763 consecutive inpatients, 325 participants with known dementia or delirium were excluded, whereas 438 (mean age: 80.