[Transbronchial cryobiopsies : a minimally invasive tool for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease].

The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is challenging and relies on a multidisciplinary discussion involving clinical, radiological and sometimes histological features. Bronchoscopic lung cryobiopsies have emerged as a new minimally invasive method of lung sampling and an alternative to surgical lung biopsies. A good diagnostic performance and excellent safety profile make it an interesting and worthful procedure which could decrease the number of patients without proper diagnosis and treatment.

[Pulmonary diseases. Asthma, COPD and sleep apnea syndrome].

Among the novelties described in the management of pulmonary disorders during the year 2017, we chose to describe three. First, the indication for inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) in COPD has been revisited, because of their relationship with an increased occurence of pneumonia : ICS are now recommended only in severe COPD (GOLD D) with frequent exacerbations as second line treatment. Secondly, azithromycine has shown very promising results in poorly controlled severe asthma, with a significant impact on symptoms and exacerbations.

[The place of balloon pulmonary angioplasty in the management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension].

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is uncommon. Its diagnosis should not be delayed as its prognosis is poor if not treated. In most cases, an acute pulmonary embolism is found in the medical history of the patient.