Renal outcomes in adults with HBV, HIV and HBV/HIV coinfection after 3 years of antiviral therapy in urban Tanzania.

Background: An enhanced understanding of renal outcomes in persons with chronic HBV, HIV, and HBV/HIV coinfection is needed to mitigate chronic kidney disease in regions where HBV and HIV are endemic.

Objectives: To investigate changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in adults with HBV, HIV or HBV/HIV enrolled in a 3 year prospective cohort study of liver outcomes in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and initiated on antiviral therapy.

Methods: We compared eGFR between and within groups over time using mixed-effects models.

Hepatitis B virus coinfection is associated with high early mortality in HIV-infected Tanzanians on antiretroviral therapy.

Objectives: There is limited data on the effect of antiviral therapies on clinical outcomes in HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa.

Design: Single center, prospective longitudinal cohort study at Management and Development for Health supported HIV Care and Treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Methods: Between April 2014 and December 2015, HIV-infected, HBV-infected and HIV/HBV-coinfected, treatment naïve, Tanzanian adults more than 18 years of age were eligible for enrollment and followed for 10-18 months after initiating antivirals.

Brief Report: HIV/HBV Coinfection is a Significant Risk Factor for Liver Fibrosis in Tanzanian HIV-Infected Adults.

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of liver disease associated with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV is unknown. We characterized liver disease using aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and FIB-4 in patients with HIV, HBV, and HIV/HBV coinfection in Tanzania.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we compared the prevalence of liver fibrosis in treatment-naive HIV monoinfected, HBV monoinfected, and HIV/HBV-coinfected adults enrolled at Management and Development for Health (MDH)-supported HIV treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Switching to second-line ART in relation to mortality in a large Tanzanian HIV cohort.

Objectives: In a large cohort of HIV-infected Tanzanians, we assessed: (i) rates of first-line treatment failure and switches to second-line ART; (ii) the effect of switching to second-line ART on death and loss to follow-up; and (iii) treatment outcomes on second-line ART by regimen.

Methods: HIV-1-infected adults (≥15 years) initiated on first-line ART between November 2004 and September 2012, and who remained on initial therapy for at least 24 weeks before switching, were studied. Survival analyses were conducted to examine the effect of second-line ART on mortality and loss to follow-up in: (i) the whole cohort; (ii) all patients eligible for second-line ART by immunological failure (IF) and/or virological failure (VF) criteria; and (iii) patients eligible by VF criteria.

Preparedness of HIV care and treatment clinics for the management of concomitant non-communicable diseases: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, epidemiological studies have reported an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD) among people living with HIV. NCD management can be feasibly integrated into HIV care; however, clinic readiness to provide NCD services in these settings should first be assessed and gaps in care identified.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey conducted in July 2013 assessed the resources available for NCD care at 14 HIV clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Prevalence of hepatitis B co-infection and response to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients in Tanzania.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection and relationship between HIV/HBV and health outcomes in a cohort of HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in urban Tanzania.

Design/methods: Clinical and immunologic responses to ART were compared longitudinally between HIV mono (HIV) and HIV/HBV co-infected (HIV/HBV) adults enrolled between November 2004 and September 2011 at the Management and Development for Health (MDH)-PEPFAR HIV Care and Treatment program in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Results: The prevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection was 6.

Mortality and treatment failure among HIV-infected adults in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.

Objectives: Monitoring antiretroviral treatment (ART) outcomes is essential for assessing the success of HIV care and treatment programs in resource-limited settings (RLS).

Methods: Longitudinal analyses of clinical and immunologic parameters in HIV-infected adults initiated on ART between November 2004 and June 2008 at Management and Development for Health (MDH)-Presidents Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief PEPFAR supported HIV care and treatment clinics in Tanzania.

Results: A total of 12 842 patients were analyzed (65.