Surgery for female urethral stricture.

Background: Female urethral stricture (FUS) is a rare entity that causes great morbidity and suffering in those affected. As the available scientific data is sparce, there are no formal guidelines or standard of care for this disease.

Methods: This is a narrative review of the surgical management for female urethral stricture.

Bladder outlet obstruction in women: Scope of the problem and differential diagnosis.

Introduction: The prevalence, formal definition, and diagnostic criteria of bladder outlet obstruction in owmen have not been clearly defined.

Methods: This is a literature review of the definition of BOO in women, its prevalence, as well as its differential diagnosis.

Results: The main causes of BOO in women are divided into functional and anatomic conditions.