A comparison of general surgery training programmes across 11 countries: improving understanding of the experience level of international medical graduates in the UK.

Introduction: Within the past five years there has been a significant increase in the number of international medical graduates (IMGs) joining the United Kingdom's (UK) workforce. Having mentors and supervisors who understand the needs of IMGs and clinical and cultural differences in the workplace can benefit in the transition to working in a new country. Improving knowledge of and understanding differences between general surgical training programmes and grades across different countries could therefore aid in the support of IMGs within the UK.

Exploring the Use of Persuasive System Design Principles to Enhance Medication Incident Reporting and Learning Systems: Scoping Reviews and Persuasive Design Assessment.

Background: Medication incidents (MIs) causing harm to patients have far-reaching consequences for patients, pharmacists, public health, business practice, and governance policy. Medication Incident Reporting and Learning Systems (MIRLS) have been implemented to mitigate such incidents and promote continuous quality improvement in community pharmacies in Canada. They aim to collect and analyze MIs for the implementation of incident preventive strategies to increase safety in community pharmacy practice.

Investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of medication incidents in Canadian community pharmacies.

As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded, community pharmacies adapted rapidly to broaden and adjust the services they were providing to patients, while coping with severe pressure on supply chains and constrained social interactions. This study investigates whether these events had an impact on the medication incidents reported by pharmacists. Results indicate that Canadian pharmacies were able to sustain such stress while maintaining comparable safety levels.

An Integrative Review of Patient Education During Inpatient Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Problem Identification: Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have significant learning needs that nurses must provide. The review question was "What teaching methods and strategies have been examined to deliver education to patients undergoing HSCT?"

Literature Search: The review was conducted in November 2022 using the following databases: Scopus®, Embase®, MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, PsycINFO®, and ERIC. The search comprised two main concepts: HSCT and patient education.

Using the Microbiome as a Regenerative Medicine Strategy for Autoimmune Diseases.

Autoimmune (AI) diseases, which present in a multitude of systemic manifestations, have been connected to many underlying factors. These factors include the environment, genetics, individual microbiomes, and diet. An individual's gut microbiota is an integral aspect of human functioning, as it is intimately integrated into the metabolic, mechanical, immunological, and neurologic pathways of the body.

Are we overtreating patients with malignant colorectal polyps? A 5-year review of the ACPGBI position statement.

Introduction: In 2013, The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) issued a position statement regarding management of malignant polyps. We reviewed the management of endoscopically resected malignant colorectal polyps in a district general hospital to evaluate whether patients were being overtreated as per these guidelines.

Methods: All patients who underwent a complete, non-piecemeal endoscopic removal of a malignant polyp between October 2013 and September 2018 were studied.

Continuous quality improvement regulations for community pharmacy practice in the United States.

Objectives: In the United States, medication errors are considered to be the cause of 7000 deaths annually. Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is a management process that focuses on continually and systematically evaluating the organization's work process. In community pharmacy, CQI leads to enhanced patient safety through a reduction in medication errors and quality-related events (QREs).

Cost Impact of a Pharmacist-Driven Medication Reconciliation Program during Transitions to Long-Term Care and Retirement Homes.

The current provincial funding model in Ontario, Canada, does not offer dedicated funding to drive medication reconciliation (MedRec) programs during transitions into long-term care and retirement homes. This economic analysis aimed to estimate potential cost savings attributed to hospitalizations averted and decreases in polypharmacy by a MedRec program from a healthcare payer perspective. From a pool of 6,678 pharmacist recommendations, a limited sample of recommendations targeting specific medication-related adverse events showed potential savings of $622.

Characterizing the Risk of Depression Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature Comparing Chronic mTBI to Non-mTBI Populations.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with depressed mood acutely post-injury, but there is little evidence regarding long-term depression. The aim of this study was to determine the odds ratio (OR) of depression chronically following mTBI. We searched Medline (PubMed), ProQuest, and Web of Science from date of database creation to January 23, 2019, for eligible studies examining depression at least 6 months post-injury in adult subjects with mTBI of any etiology, including civilians and military.

A peroxidized omega-3-enriched polyunsaturated diet leads to adipose and metabolic dysfunction.

Consumption of diets that differ in fat type and amount, and sequestration of various fatty acids to tissues and organs likely have effects on overall physiology and metabolic health. However, the contributions of dietary lipids to brain-adipose communication and adipose tissue function are poorly understood. We designed six custom diets that differed only in amount and type of dietary fat, with high or low levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA), omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) or omega-3 (n-3) PUFA.

BOOMR: Better Coordinated Cross-Sectoral Medication Reconciliation for Residential Care.

There is evidence that medication errors often arise during the transition of residents from acute care to long-term care (LTC) homes due to lapses in communication and documentation. Better Coordinated Cross-Sectoral Medication Reconciliation (BOOMR) is an integrated practice change improving medication safety during patient transitions through the health system. Our Medication Reconciliation (MedRec) redesign improved patient engagement using "the patient's story," increased quality of information, workflow efficiency and reduced unnecessary medications.

Use of percutaneous endoscopic colostomy (PEC) to treat sigmoid volvulus: a systematic review.

Background And Aim: Percutaneous endoscopic colostomy provides an alternative management option for patients with recurrent sigmoid volvulus who are considered too high risk to undergo surgery. We reviewed the literature to assess whether the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines published in 2006 supporting the use of percutaneous endoscopic colostomy are still valid.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of histopathological factors influencing the risk of lymph node metastasis in early colorectal cancer.

Aim: Lymph node (LN) metastases are present in up to 17% of early colorectal cancers (pT1). Identification of associated histopathological factors would enable counselling of patients regarding this risk.

Method: Pubmed and Embase were employed utilizing the terms 'early colorectal cancer', 'lymph node metastasis', 'submucosal invasion', 'lymphovascular invasion', 'tumour budding' and 'histological differentiation'.

Relative quality of internet-derived gastrointestinal cancer information.

Internet-derived health care information is increasingly accessed by patients, yet its quality and accuracy is variable and unregulated. The aim of this study was to assess the information available regarding common gastrointestinal cancers via three internet search engines (Google, Yahoo and Bing). The top 30 websites for each of the terms: oesophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colon and rectal cancer were evaluated (University of Michigan Consumer Health Website Checklist) and scored [-80 (poor) to 90 (excellent)].

Male Veterans Coping With the Pendulum Swing of Rheumatiod Arthritis Pain: A Qualitative Study.

This study describes the physical, psychological and social context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pain from the male veterans. A qualitative, descriptive design was employed using a purposive sampling to ensure representation of male veterans. Interviews were conducted with 12 male veterans of the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System.

Avoiding extraction site herniation after laparoscopic right colectomy.

Transverse abdominal wall incisions are favoured as part of enhanced recovery programmes. We explored the use of rectus-preserving extraction site incisions in laparoscopic right colectomy. The approach involved minimal anterior abdominal wall disruption with preservation of the rectus abdominis muscle: the rectus abdominis muscle extraction site (RAMES).

The management of primary small bowel and colon lymphoma--a review.

Aims: The management of primary small bowel and colon lymphoma is controversial. A review of the literature was therefore undertaken to evaluate the evidence for the classification, staging, diagnosis, and treatment of primary small bowel and colon lymphoma and guide management.

Methods: A literature search was performed utilising Embase, Medline, and Pubmed and papers were evaluated on an individual basis.

Diagnostic tools in male infertility-the question of sperm dysfunction.

Sperm dysfunction is the single most common cause of infertility, yet what is remarkable is that, there is no drug a man can take or add to his spermatozoa in vitro to improve fertility. One reason for the lack of progress in this area is that our understanding of the cellular and molecular workings of the mature spermatazoon is limited. However, over the last few years there has been considerable progress in our knowledge base and in addressing new methods to diagnose sperm dysfunction.