Versatile Porphyrin Arrangements for Photodynamic Therapy-A Review.

Nanotechnology is an emerging field that involves the development of nanoscale particles, their fabrication methods, and potential applications. From nanosized inorganic particles to biopolymers, the variety of nanoparticles is unstoppably growing, offering huge opportunities for drug delivery. Various nanoformulations, such as nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and nanoemulsions, have been developed to enhance drug stability, solubility, and tissue penetration.

Microneedle System Coated with Hydrogels Containing Protoporphyrin IX for Potential Application in Pharmaceutical Technology.

The article aims to outline the potential of treating malignant skin cancer with microneedles covered with polymer layers containing a photosensitizer-protoporphyrin IX disodium salt (PPIX). The usefulness of stereolithography (SLA), which is a form of 3D-printing technology, for the preparation of a microneedle system with protoporphyrin IX was demonstrated. The SLA method allowed for pyramid-shaped microneedles to be printed that were covered with three different 0.

Advances and perspectives in use of semisolid formulations for photodynamic methods.

Although nearly 30 years have passed since the introduction of the first clinically approved photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, progress in developing new pharmaceutical formulations remains unsatisfactory. This review highlights that despite years of research, many recurring challenges and issues remain unresolved. The paper includes an analysis of selected essential studies involving aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives, as well as other photosensitizers with potential for development as medical products.

Polymer-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems for Purines of Established Importance in Medicine.

Many purine derivatives are active pharmaceutical ingredients of significant importance in the therapy of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and viral infections. In many cases, their medical use is limited due to unfavorable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. These problems can be overcome by the preparation of the prodrugs of purines or by combining these compounds with nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology for Dentistry: Prospects and Applications.

In the XXI century, application of nanostructures in oral medicine has become common. In oral medicine, using nanostructures for the treatment of dental caries constitutes a great challenge. There are extensive studies on the implementation of nanomaterials to dental composites in order to improve their properties, e.

Metal Nanoparticle-Flavonoid Connections: Synthesis, Physicochemical and Biological Properties, as Well as Potential Applications in Medicine.

Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds widely occurring throughout the plant kingdom. They are biologically active and have many medical applications. Flavonoids reveal chemopreventive, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant properties, as well as being able to modulate the immune system response and inhibit inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.

Gallic Acid-Functionalized, TiO-Based Nanomaterial-Preparation, Physicochemical and Biological Properties.

Wound healing and skin tissue regeneration remain the most critical challenges faced by medical professionals. Titanium(IV) oxide-based materials were proposed as components of pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of difficult-to-heal wounds and unsightly scarring. A gallic acid-functionalized TiO nanomaterial (TiO-GA) was obtained using the self-assembly technique and characterized using the following methods: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetry (TG).

Excited State and Reactive Oxygen Species against Cancer and Pathogens: A Review on Sonodynamic and Sono-Photodynamic Therapy.

Photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy are therapies having great potential in the treatment of bacterial infections and cancer. Their background is associated with photo- and sonosensitizers - substances that can be excited when exposed to light or ultrasound. These sensitizers belong to a various groups of compound, including porphyrins, porphyrazines, and phthalocyanines.

Photosensitizers Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation against Fungi.

Superficial and systemic fungal infections are essential problems for the modern health care system. One of the challenges is the growing resistance of fungi to classic antifungals and the constantly increasing cost of therapy. These factors force the scientific world to intensify the search for alternative and more effective methods of treatment.

Occurrence and dietary risk of bisphenols and parabens in raw and processed cow's milk.

Raw cow's milk collected from farmers and processed cow's milk purchased from local grocery stores were analysed for the presence of six bisphenols (bisphenol A, bisphenol S, bisphenol F, bisphenol AF, bisphenol B, and bisphenol E) and five parabens (methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, and benzylparaben). The analytes were determined in their unconjugated form and (after enzymatic deconjugation) as the sum of conjugated and unconjugated compounds. The results show the presence of bisphenols mainly in the processed milk bought in stores while parabens were found in all samples of both raw and processed cow's milk.

In vitro and in vivo biological activities of azulene derivatives with potential applications in medicine.

Azulene is an aromatic hydrocarbon that possesses a unique chemical structure and interesting biological properties. Azulene derivatives, including guaiazulene or chamazulene, occur in nature as components of many plants and mushrooms, such as , , , and . Due to physicochemical properties, azulene and its derivatives have found many potential applications in technology, especially in optoelectronic devices.

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Prospects and Applications in Medicine.

Metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), including titanium dioxide NPs, among polymeric NPs, liposomes, micelles, quantum dots, dendrimers, or fullerenes, are becoming more and more important due to their potential use in novel medical therapies. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide, titania, TiO) is an inorganic compound that owes its recent rise in scientific interest to photoactivity. After the illumination in aqueous media with UV light, TiO produces an array of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Detection of bisphenol A, cumylphenol and parabens in surface waters of Greater Poland Voivodeship.

Amounts of bisphenol A (BPA), 4-cumylphenol (CP) and 5 parabens - methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP), butylparaben (BP) and benzylparaben (BzP) in Greater Poland Voivodeship's surface waters are reported. The water samples were collected from selected 15 locations in 2015-2016 at seven different time points: in March, June, August, and October 2015 and March, June, and September 2016. MP was found in every tested sample with typical concentration at several dozen nanograms per liter and the highest level almost 1600 ng L in a sample collected from the Warta River in October 2015.