Quantification of leptomeningeal collateral blood flow in hypertensive rats during ischemic stroke.

Objectives: There is increasing evidence that poor leptomeningeal collateral blood flow in hypertensive animals is due to increased vascular myogenic tone, indicating that therapies to enhance collateral blood flow during ischemic stroke may be particularly effective. To develop such therapies, we need a greater understanding of the factors that regulate collateral blood flow in the setting of hypertension. Therefore, we aimed to quantify blood flow velocity, diameter and absolute blood flow in individual collateral vessels in an ischemic stroke model in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and determine which factors had the greatest influence on blood flow.

Deficiency of mitophagy mediator Parkin in aortic smooth muscle cells exacerbates abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a degenerative aortic disease and associated with hallmarks of aging, such as mitophagy. Despite this, the exact associations among mitophagy, aging, and AAA progression remain unknown. In our study, gene expression analysis of human AAA tissue revealed downregulation of mitophagy pathways, mitochondrial structure, and function-related proteins.

The influence of intervention fidelity on treatment effect estimates in clinical trials of complex interventions: a metaepidemiological study.

Background And Objective: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) provide the most reliable estimates of treatment effectiveness for therapeutic interventions. However, flaws in their design and conduct may bias treatment effect estimates, leading to overestimation or underestimation of the true intervention effect. This is especially relevant for complex interventions, such as those in rehabilitation, which are multifaceted and tailored for individual patients or providers, leading to variations in delivery and treatment effects.

French translation and transcultural adaptation of the shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI).

Background: A French version of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is currently unavailable for clinical and research use in French-speaking countries.

Objectives: To translate and transculturally adapt the Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI) from English to French language.

Design: Translation and transcultural adaptation of a Patient-Reported Outcome Measure.

'Going through the motions'; a rich account of the complexity of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction pathway, a UK qualitative study.

Objectives: This study aimed to understand the lived experiences of patients on the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) pathway up to 3 months before, 3 months after and 1 year after surgery. Study objectives were to explore (1) patient experiences of preoperative and postoperative treatment, (2) views of/involvement in prehabilitation and (3) sources and consistency of healthcare advice.

Design: Semi-structured interviews analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Remote postoperative management using Ecological Momentary Computerized Adaptive Testing (EMCAT): feasibility assessment survey.

Our survey of 38 surgeons shows that Ecological Momentary Computerized Adaptive Testing (EMCAT), a platform to remotely collect patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is acceptable to surgeons, and 36 of 38 are willing to participate in future randomized control trials comparing EMCAT versus routine follow-up. IV.

The effect of nitroglycerin treatment on cerebral ischaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.

Background: Nitroglycerin has been of considerable interest as a treatment for ischaemic stroke. Recent clinical trials with nitroglycerin transdermal patches during the acute phase of stroke failed to improve functional outcomes. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of nitroglycerin in preclinical models of ischaemic stroke has not previously been reported, despite several clinical trials.

Multiscale modeling shows how 2'-deoxy-ATP rescues ventricular function in heart failure.

2'-deoxy-ATP (dATP) improves cardiac function by increasing the rate of crossbridge cycling and Ca[Formula: see text] transient decay. However, the mechanisms of these effects and how therapeutic responses to dATP are achieved when dATP is only a small fraction of the total ATP pool remain poorly understood. Here, we used a multiscale computational modeling approach to analyze the mechanisms by which dATP improves ventricular function.

Isotopic signature of plutonium accumulated in cryoconite on glaciers worldwide.

Glaciers are recognized as repositories for atmospheric pollutants, however, due to climate change and enhanced melting rates, they are rapidly transitioning from being repositories to secondary sources of such apollutants. Artificial radionuclides are one of the pollutants found on glaciers that efficiently accumulate onto glacier surfaces within cryoconite deposits; a dark, often biogenic sediment. This work provides information about the accumulation, distribution and sources of plutonium (Pu) isotopes in cryoconite samples from glaciers worldwide.

Accumulation of Environmental Radioactivity on the Surface of a High Arctic Ice Cap (Flade Isblink, NE Greenland).

Under climatic warming, glaciers are becoming a secondary source of atmospheric contaminants originally released into the environment decades ago. This phenomenon has been well-documented for glaciers near emission sources. However, less is known about polar ice sheets and ice caps.

Leveraging local knowledge to contextualize the opioid epidemic within HEALing Communities Study communities: A Photovoice protocol.

Since its inception 30 years ago, Photovoice has gained increasing popularity as a research method and more recently has been incorporated within randomized controlled trial (RCT) designs. Photovoice is a participatory action research method that pairs photography with focus group discussions to record community strengths and concerns, build critical consciousness, and reach policymakers. Adherence of Photovoice implementation to these original tenets of Photovoice varies.

Evaluation of the Perceived Benefits of a Peer Support Group for People with Mental Health Problems.

This paper reports on a service evaluation of PeerTalk, a nationwide charity that organises and facilitates peer support groups for individuals with depression. Therefore, the aim was to gather and synthesise benefits perceived by support group attendees. Thematic analysis was undertaken following the collection of data from two group interviews comprising PeerTalk support group attendees.

Lumbar spine fusion surgery versus best conservative care for patients with severe, persistent low back pain.

Aims: People with severe, persistent low back pain (LBP) may be offered lumbar spine fusion surgery if they have had insufficient benefit from recommended non-surgical treatments. However, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2016 guidelines recommended not offering spinal fusion surgery for adults with LBP, except as part of a randomized clinical trial. This survey aims to describe UK clinicians' views about the suitability of patients for such a future trial, along with their views regarding equipoise for randomizing patients in a future clinical trial comparing lumbar spine fusion surgery to best conservative care (BCC; the FORENSIC-UK trial).

Development of an intervention for patients following an anterior cruciate ligament rupture: an online nominal group technique consensus study.

Objectives: (1) To develop an intervention for to support patients diagnosed with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture with decision-making regarding treatment. (2) To define evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of patients following an ACL rupture.

Design: Nominal group technique consensus study.

Liver-specific Mettl14 deletion induces nuclear heterotypia and dysregulates RNA export machinery.

Modification of RNA with N-methyladenosine (mA) has gained attention in recent years as a general mechanism of gene regulation. In the liver, mA, along with its associated machinery, has been studied as a potential biomarker of disease and cancer, with impacts on metabolism, cell cycle regulation, and pro-cancer state signaling. However these observational data have yet to be causally examined For example, neither perturbation of the key mA writers and , nor the mA readers and have been thoroughly mechanistically characterized as they have been .

Research priorities of members of the British Association for Surgery of the Knee.

Aims: This study aims to identify the top unanswered research priorities in the field of knee surgery using consensus-based methodology.

Methods: Initial research questions were generated using an online survey sent to all 680 members of the British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK). Duplicates were removed and a longlist was generated from this scoping exercise by a panel of 13 experts from across the UK who provided oversight of the process.

Guidelines for mechanistic modeling and analysis in cardiovascular research.

Computational, or in silico, models are an effective, noninvasive tool for investigating cardiovascular function. These models can be used in the analysis of experimental and clinical data to identify possible mechanisms of (ab)normal cardiovascular physiology. Recent advances in computing power and data management have led to innovative and complex modeling frameworks that simulate cardiovascular function across multiple scales.