EXPRESS: Eye Movements as Indices of Spatial and Associative Memory.

Previous research has shown that eye movements can serve as an indirect indicator of relational memory. The goal of the current research was to assess how eye movements coincide with different forms of spatial and associative memory. Young adults encoded object-scene combinations and were subsequently presented with repeated, novel, and manipulated scenes.

Homologies of spinal ascending nociceptive pathways between rats and macaques: can we transpose to human? A review and analysis of the literature.

Purpose: Due to the difficulty of using neural tracers in humans, knowledge of the nociceptive system's anatomy is mainly derived from studies in animals and mainly in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological differences of the ascending spinal nociceptive pathways between the rat and the macaque monkey; in order to evaluate the variability of this anatomy during phylogenesis, and thus to know if the anatomical description of these pathways can be transposed from the rat to the human.

Methods: A review and analysis of the literature were performed.

Central Visual Attention in Primary Open-angle Glaucoma.

Significance: To better understand the implication of a potential cognitive change in glaucoma, patients were stimulated in central visual areas considered functionally normal to discard an effect due to the loss of vision during an attentional task. The outcome might improve the follow-up on the impact of the pathology.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of primary open-angle glaucoma on the visual attention system by recording responses of behavioral and oculomotor strategies.

"I mean, I didn't really have a choice of anything:" How incarceration influences abortion decision-making and precludes access in the United States.

Objective: To understand how the punitive, rights-limiting, and racially stratified environment of incarceration in the United States (US) shapes the abortion desires, access, and pregnancy experiences of pregnant women, transgender men, and gender non-binary individuals.

Methods: From May 2018-November 2020, we conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with pregnant women in prisons and jails in an abortion supportive and an abortion restrictive state. Interviews explored whether participants considered abortion for this pregnancy; attempted to obtain an abortion in custody; whether and how incarceration affected their thoughts about pregnancy, birth, parenting, and abortion; and options counseling and prenatal care experiences, or lack thereof, in custody.

Type I and III interferons shape the retinal cytokine network and barrier function in an model of ocular toxoplasmosis.

Introduction: The particularities of the ocular immune environment and its barrier protection in the context of infection are not well elucidated. The apicomplexan parasite is one of the pathogens successfully crossing this barrier and establishing chronic infection in retinal cells.

Methods: As a first approach, we studied the initial cytokine network in vitro in four human cell lines: Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE), microglial, astrocytic and Müller cells.

Dynamic Immune Profile in French Toxoplasmosis Patients.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii infection is usually benign in Europe due to the strong predominance of type II strains. Few studies have been conducted to examine the immunological course of infection in humans and have yielded conflicting results, maybe influenced by heterogeneous parasite strains.

Methods: We measured 23 immune mediators in 39, 40, and 29 sera of French noninfected, acutely infected, and chronically infected immunocompetent pregnant women, respectively.

A Retrospective Study of the Adjunctive Use of Gabapentin With Benzodiazepines for the Treatment of Benzodiazepine Withdrawal.

Benzodiazepine withdrawal is a widespread problem with potentially severe and deadly consequences. Currently, the only medications available for treating benzodiazepine withdrawal are short-acting and long-acting benzodiazepines. Identifying other drugs to help in treating benzodiazepine withdrawal is necessary.

Exploring home-based accommodation operators' responses to Covid-19: Implications of untact hospitality adoption.

Unlike the mainstream research conducted on the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on both large-scale tourism and hospitality firms, and also at the destination level, the current study focused on home-based accommodations in Iran which have experienced rapid development throughout the country. In-depth interviews with a number ( = 45) of such accommodation operators revealed that due to their perceived high vulnerability to the pandemic and self-protection, they adopted "untact hospitality", thereby decreasing their direct interaction with guests. Looking through the lens of Protection Motivation Theory, four main themes were explored: motivations to work in the hospitality industry; local accommodation operators' perception of threat; coping appraisal; and protection behavior intention.

Efficacy of Thin and Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty and Influence of Graft Thickness on Postoperative Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of thin and ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (T-DSAEK and UT-DSAEK, with graft thickness <130 and <100 µm, respectively), depending on graft thickness.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Method: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalTrials.

Management of Transected Invasive Melanoma: A Single Institution Retrospective Review.

Background: Deep transection of invasive melanoma precludes accurate measurement of Breslow depth, which may affect tumor staging.

Objective: To determine the frequency of upstaging of transected invasive melanomas after excision, characterize the impact on National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCNN)-recommended treatment, and determine predictors of subsequent upstaging.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of invasive melanomas between January 2017 and December 2019 at a single institution.

Female permanent contraception policies and occurrence at a sample of U.S. prisons and jails.

Objective(s): Incarcerated individuals have an unmet need for contraception, yet have also been subject to coercive permanent contraception practices. Data do not exist on prison and jail policies around access to permanent contraception or how often it occurs among women in custody. We sought to describe permanent and reversible contraception policies at U.

Abortion Access for Incarcerated People: Incidence of Abortion and Policies at U.S. Prisons and Jails.

Objective: To understand abortion incidence among incarcerated people and the relation to prison and jail pregnancy policies.

Methods: We collected abortion numbers and policy data from convenience sample of 22 state prison systems, all Federal Bureau of Prisons sites, and six county jails that voluntarily reported monthly, aggregate pregnancy outcomes for 12 months in 2016-2017. Sites also completed a baseline survey of institution characteristics and pregnancy policies, including abortion.

Efficacy of Closed Incision Negative Pressure Wound Therapy on Abdominal Donor Site After Free Flap Breast Reconstruction.

Introduction: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been used to treat acute and chronic wounds in a variety of scenarios. Specifically, in autologous breast reconstruction, studies investigating the use of closed incision NPWT (ciNPWT) in breast surgery are lacking.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the use of ciNPWT at the abdominal donor site following deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction.

Breastfeeding in Incarcerated Settings in the United States: A National Survey of Frequency and Policies.

: To assess the existence of prison and jail policies and practices that allow incarcerated women to breastfeed while in custody, and prevalence of women in custody who pumped human milk for their infants. : We surveyed 22 state prison systems and 6 county jails from 2016 to 2017 about policies related to breastfeeding and other programs for pregnant and parenting women in custody. In addition, 11 prisons and 5 jails reported 6 months of monthly, prospective data on the number of women pumping human milk, as well as information on placement of infants born to women in custody.

Quantifying Patient Portal Use: Systematic Review of Utilization Metrics.

Background: Use of patient portals has been associated with positive outcomes in patient engagement and satisfaction. Portal studies have also connected portal use, as well as the nature of users' interactions with portals, and the contents of their generated data to meaningful cost and quality outcomes. Incentive programs in the United States have encouraged uptake of health information technology, including patient portals, by setting standards for meaningful use of such technology.

Pregnancy Prevalence and Outcomes in 3 United States Juvenile Residential Systems.

Study Objective: To describe the number of admissions of pregnant adolescents to US juvenile residential systems (JRS) and the outcomes of pregnancies that ended while in custody.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Three nonrandomly selected JRS in 3 US states.

Pregnancy Prevalence and Outcomes in U.S. Jails.

Objective: To describe the number of admissions of pregnant people to U.S. jails and the outcomes of pregnancies that end in custody.

Opioid use disorder incidence and treatment among incarcerated pregnant women in the United States: results from a national surveillance study.

Background And Aims: The established standard care in pregnancy is medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD); however, many institutions of incarceration do not have MOUD available. We aimed to describe the number of incarcerated pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the United States and jails' and prisons' MOUD in pregnancy policies.

Design: Epidemiological surveillance study of 6 months of outcomes of pregnant, incarcerated women with OUD and cross-sectional survey of institutional policies.