Role of Surgery in Intracranial Tuberculomas and Proposal of a Novel Diagnostic Criteria for Diagnosis (Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences Criteria).

Objective: Intracranial tuberculomas (IT) are often misdiagnosed or overdiagnosed, resulting either in delay in treatment of this curable illness or in unnecessary surgical intervention. A new method of diagnostic criteria for preoperative diagnosis of IT is proposed.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients with a preoperatively suspected diagnosis of IT who were operated on at our institute from 2010 to 2019.

Clinical characteristics and NF1 gene mutation analysis of three successive generations in three different Indian families with neurofibromatosis type 1 and peripheral nerve sheath tumours.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder caused by inactivation of NF1 tumour suppressor gene, which associates in the development of peripheral nerve tumours. NF1 is an important regulator of GAP and RAS proteins, mutations in NF1 results in the impairment in this function causing specific osseous lesions in any organ of the human body. In the present study, we investigated the clinical characteristics and NF1 gene mutation analysis of 3 unrelated Indian families with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Segmental polymethylmethacrylate-augmented fenestrated pedicle screw fixation for lumbar spondylolisthesis in patients with osteoporosis - A case series and review of literature.

Background: Instrumentation in patients with osteoporosis is challenging. Bone cement-augmented fenestrated pedicle screw fixation is a new procedure for fixation in osteoporotic bone. Very few studies related to this procedure are published in literature.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu protein expression in meningiomas: An immunohistochemical study.

Background: Meningiomas are common slow-growing primary central nervous system tumors that arise from the meningothelial cells of the arachnoid and spinal cord. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) or HER2/neu (also known as c-erbB2) is a 185-kD transmembrane glycoprotein with tyrosine kinase activity expressed in meningiomas and various other tumors. It can be used in targeted therapy for HER2/neu positive meningiomas.

An algorithmic approach for clinical management of low back pain.

Background: Low back pain is caused by a variety of conditions. When conventional imaging failed, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was superior to scintigraphy in identifying the pathology. Injection therapies are often helpful in treating the pathology.

Clinical, radiological, and functional evaluation of surgical treatment in degenerative lumbar canal stenosis.

Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis is a frequent indication for spinal surgery. The clinical symptoms may not be accurately reflected on radiological studies. Treatment is aimed at not only obtaining immediate pain relief but also in preventing its long-term disabling sequelae.

Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Meningiomas with Reference to Proliferative Markers p53 and Ki-67.

Introduction: Meningiomas are slow growing primary central nervous system (CNS) tumours attached to the duramater, which arise from the meningothelial cells of the arachnoid. Grading of meningioma based on histological findings assisted with supplementary immunohistochemical studies, predicts the prognosis of meningioma with good precision.

Aim: To evaluate proliferative markers and correlate with various histological subtypes and grade.

In vitro transdifferentiation of human cultured CD34+ stem cells into oligodendrocyte precursors using thyroid hormones.

The extent of myelination on the axon promotes transmission of impulses in the neural network, any disturbances in this process results in the neurodegenerative condition. Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursors that supports in the regeneration of axons through myelination is an important step in the restoration of damaged neurons. Therefore, in the present study, the differentiation of human CD34+ stem cells into oligodendrocytes was carried out.

Metastasis in central nervous system: Clinicopathological study with review of literature in a tertiary care center in South India.

Background: Secondary central nervous system (CNS) tumors are common in Western countries, but in Indian literature, scant data are available. With the advent of newer imaging techniques, the confirmatory histopathological diagnosis has become comparatively easier. Hereby, we have analyzed our data from a single tertiary care center in south India.

Isolated Rosai Dorfman disease of the central nervous system presenting as dural-based and intraparenchymal lesions.

Objective: To report three patients with isolated Rosai Dorfman disease of the central nervous system.

Case Reports: We report two patients with dural-based lesions diagnosed imageologically as meningiomas, and one patient with multiple intraparenchymal lesions diagnosed imageologically as lymphoma. Two patients were males and one was female.

Brain abscess due to Entamoeba histolytica.

A patient of cerebral amoebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica with no evidence of disease elsewhere is described. He made a complete recovery after surgical excision of the abscess along with metronidazole therapy.

Intraparenchymal cerebellar schwannoma.

A case of left cerebellar intraparenchymal schwannoma in an adult is being presented along with ten available reports in the literature, differential diagnosis and management of the condition.

Large traumatic interhemispheric subdural haematoma : case report.

A case of acute traumatic interhemispheric subdural haematoma treated conservatively is reported. The controversies in its management and the usefulness of CT in planning the treatment are discussed.