The impact of microscopic extrathyroidal extension on the clinical outcome of classic subtype papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a multicenter study.

Objectives: Despite the presumed overdiagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) which has resulted in a new trend toward less-extensive surgery and a preference for active surveillance, the impact of microscopic extrathyroidal extension (mETE) on the clinical outcomes of PTMC is still controversial. This study assessed the impact of mETE on the clinical outcomes of patients with classic subtype PTMC.

Methods: The data of consecutive patients who underwent thyroidectomy and were histopathologically diagnosed as classic subtype PTMC were analyzed.

Do Histologically Aggressive Subtypes of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma have Worse Clinical Outcome than Non-Aggressive Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Subtypes? A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Histologically aggressive micropapillary thyroid carcinomas (PTMC) subtypes are thought to be associated with an aggressive clinical course. However, evidence for unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with aggressive PTMC subtypes is not clear. In this study, we intended to determine the difference in clinical outcomes between patients with aggressive and non-aggressive PTMC subtypes.

GRANULYSIN PEPTIDE AND GENE POLYMORPHISM IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HASHIMOTO THYROIDITIS.

Background: Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease and the most common cause of hypothyroidism. The widespread lymphocyte infiltration in the thyroid gland and intolerance of the body against its thyroid antigens leads to the destruction of thyroid cells and impaired thyroid function. Granulysin (GNLY) is a cytolytic antimicrobial peptide that has been associated with a wide range of diseases such as various infections, cancer, transplantation, and skin problems.

Status of Weight Change, Lifestyle Behaviors, Depression, Anxiety, and Diabetes Mellitus in a Cohort with Obesity during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Turk-Com Study Group.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a lockdown period. Confinement periods have been related to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Our study aimed to determine weight change, changes in eating and exercise habits, the presence of depression and anxiety, and diabetes mellitus (DM) status in a cohort of patients with obesity.

Differences in Clinical Aspects Between Subacute Thyroiditis Associated with COVID-19 Vaccines and Classical Subacute Thyroiditis.

Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) developed after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has been less studied. We aimed to compare classical SAT and SAT developed after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the context of clinical aspects. Adults with SAT detected in 90 days of COVID-19 vaccination (CoronaVac or Pfizer/BioNTech) were grouped as Vac-SAT.

COVID-19 mRNA vaccine may trigger subacute thyroiditis.

Subacute thyroiditis is the most common cause of painful thyroiditis, which usually occurs after an acute viral upper respiratory tract infection. Rare cases of subacute thyroiditis have been reported after administration of viral vaccines. Here, we report four cases of subacute thyroiditis after administration of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech®).

Can Age at Diagnosis and Sex Improve the Performance of the American Thyroid Association Risk Stratification System for Prediction of Structural Persistent and Recurrent Disease in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma? A Multicenter Study.

Objective: Although the age at diagnosis has been suggested as a major determinant of disease-specific survival in the recent TNM staging system, it is not included in the recent American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines to estimate the risk of recurrence. Nevertheless, the effect of sex on differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) recurrence is controversial. Therefore, this multicenter study was conducted to assess whether age at diagnosis and sex can improve the performance of the ATA 3-tiered risk stratification system in patients with DTC with at least 5 years of follow-up.

Association between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), which is also called lymphocytic thyroiditis, is the most frequent autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), in which T helper-1 lymphocytes mediate the disease. IL-18 is expressed in thyroid follicular cells (TFCs) during HT. The findings of studies aimed at investigating the relationship between IL-18 and HT are highly contradictory.

The effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (exenatide) on memory impairment, and anxiety- and depression-like behavior induced by REM sleep deprivation.

Previous investigations have shown that REM sleep deprivation impairs the hippocampus-dependent memory, long-term potentiation and causing mood changes. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of exenatide on memory performance, anxiety- and depression like behavior, oxidative stress markers, and synaptic protein levels in REM sleep deprived rats. A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided to control, exenatide-treated control, sleep deprivation (SD), wide platform (WP) and exenatide-treated SD groups.

Intraoperative ultrasound imaging and sono-scintigraphic concordance improves success rates of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sono-scintigraphic correlation on the success of minimal invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) via surgeon performed continuous intraoperative sonographic guidance in patients operated for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) without intact parathormone (PTH) measurement.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospective database was conducted to review patients who underwent MIP (July 2017-October 2019). The screened parameters were preoperative PTH level, preoperative ultrasonography (US), preoperative scintigraphy, intraoperative US, intraoperative frozen section analysis, postoperative PTH level, and permanent pathology rep ort.

Management of endocrine surgical disorders during COVID-19 pandemic: expert opinion for non-surgical options.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented conditions for overall health care systems by restricting resources for non-COVID-19 patients. As the burden of the disease escalates, routine elective surgeries are being cancelled. The aim of this paper was to provide a guideline for management of endocrine surgical disorders during a pandemic.

The effect of gender on response to antithyroid drugs and risk of relapse after discontinuation of the antithyroid drugs in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism: a multicentre study.

Introduction: The outcome of medical treatment in patients with Graves' disease (GD) is generally difficult to predict. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that gender may affect the outcome of treatment with antithyroid drugs (ATDs).

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective multicentre study including 717 (514 female and 203 male) patients with the first episode of GD treated for at least 12 months.

Correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 levels in serum and thyroid nodules with histopathological and radiological variables.

Background/aim: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major cytokine in angiogenesis and has a role on aggressivity of various tumors. The expression of VEGF has been shown to increase in differential thyroid cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum and intranodular VEGF (nVEGF) and VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) levels in patients with thyroid nodules and their relevance to ultrasonographic and pathological results.

The Clinical Values of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 Levels in Blood and Thyroid Nodules.

Aim: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a potent mitogen for many cells. IGF-1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of various tumors with its mutagenic and antiapoptotic properties. The aim of this study was to determine both the serum and intranodular levels of IGF-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in patients with nodular thyroid diseases.

Sclerostin and bone metabolism markers in hyperthyroidism before treatment and interrelations between them.

Sclerostin, which is a glycoprotein produced by osteocytes, reduces the formation of bones by inhibiting the Wnt signal pathway. Thyroid hormones are related with Wnt signal pathway and it has been reported that increased thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism fasten epiphysis maturation in childhood, and increase the risk of bone fractures by stimulating the bone loss in adults. The aim of this study was to examine the sclerostin serum levels, the relation between sclerostin and thyroid hormones as well as the biochemical markers of the bone metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism (including multinodular goiter and Graves' disease), whose treatments have not started yet.

ASSOCIATION OF PANCREAS VOLUME AND INSULIN RESISTANCE WITH ABDOMINAL FAT DISTRIBUTION IN TYPE-2 DIABETES AS EVALUATED BY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the relationship between the regional body fat distribution and insulin resistance and pancreas volume (PV) in type-2 diabetes (DM) patients.

Methods: Fifty-three consecutive type-2 diabetic and 51 non-diabetic patients matched by age, gender and body mass index (BMI) were enrolled. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), waist circumference, and PV were measured with computed tomography.

Growth and pubertal development in adolescent male wrestlers.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUNDː Adolescence is a crucial period for linear growth, and sports training during this time may have positive or negative effects on some physiological processes as growth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intense training during somatic growth on the onset of puberty and growth development in adolescent wrestlers.

Methods: Fifty adolescent male wrestlers and twenty-one sedentary healthy male controls aged between 13-15 years were selected.

Assessment of Mean Platelet Volume and its Effect on Disease Control in Patients with Acromegaly.

Background: Morbidity and mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases are more common in acromegalic patients than the healthy population. Platelets play a significant role in both the onset and progression of clotting which then cause the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Increased mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation and known as an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic processes.

Atrial conduction times and left atrial mechanical functions and their relation with diastolic function in prediabetic patients.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to investigate atrial conduction times and left atrial mechanical functions, the noninvasive predictors of atrial fibrillation, in prediabetic patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Methods: Study included 59 patients (23 males, 36 females; mean age 52.5 ± 10.

Increased Serum Levels of IL-28 and IL-29 and the Protective Effect of IL28B rs8099917 Polymorphism in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is thought to result from decreased T helper type 2 (Th2) responses, leading to the progressive destruction of thyrocytes. IFN-λ1, -λ2, and -λ3 (also known as IL-29, IL-28A, and IL-28B, respectively) are recently described members of the IFN-λ family and have been shown to decrease the production of Th2 cytokines in vitro. However, the role and mechanism of IFN-λ1 in HT remain unknown.

Pituitary Apoplexy due to the Diagnostic Test in a Cushing"s Disease Patient.

Pituitary apoplexy is a medical condition that needs urgent diagnosis and treatment. It may occur spontaneously or may be precipitated by a variety of reasons including dynamic endocrine tests. Although pituitary apoplexy is usually seen in nonfunctional pituitary adenoma, it can also be seen in ACTH secreting macroadenomas.

Midkine: A Novel Biomarker to Predict Malignancy in Patients with Nodular Thyroid Disease.

Background. Midkine (MK), a new heparin-binding growth factor, plays important roles in a variety of biological phenomena such as carcinogenesis, inflammation, and angiogenesis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum midkine (SMK) and nodular midkine (NMK) levels in patients with thyroid nodules to predict malignancy and whether there was any association between.