Gene in Cotton Confers High and Broad Resistance to Bacterial Blight and Conditions High Amounts of Sesquiterpenoid Phytoalexins.

Bacterial blight resistance gene has received little attention since it was first described in 1950. A near-isogenic line (NIL) of cotton, Ac, was generated in an otherwise bacterial-blight-susceptible 'Acala 44' background. The introgressed locus in Ac conferred strong and broad-spectrum resistance to bacterial blight.

Assessing Preference and Stability of Preference for Individuals with Neurocognitive Disorder.

Poor engagement can lead to a reduced quality of life for individuals with neurocognitive disorder (NCD). Research on determining preference and increasing engagement with this population is limited. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of four preference assessment formats in identifying preferred activities and predicting engagement for six females with NCD and to measure the stability of preference and engagement over time.

Maximizing the Benefits of Participatory Design for Human-Robot Interaction Research With Older Adults.

Objective: We reviewed human-robot interaction (HRI) participatory design (PD) research with older adults. The goal was to identify methods used, determine their value for design of robots with older adults, and provide guidance for best practices.

Background: Assistive robots may promote aging-in-place and quality of life for older adults.

Psychophysiological Responses in Emergency Medical Technician Students during Simulated Work Activities in a Hot Environment.

This study compared physiological responses and cognitive performance during simulated work activities in heat to a thermoneutral condition. First responders perform physically demanding activities in a hot environment which may impose additional burdens on tactical personnel during daily tasks. Ten healthy (8 men and 2 women) participants performed two consecutive simulated work activities with two repetitions of each activity (10 min walking on treadmill and 15 sandbag lifts) under heat and thermoneutral conditions.

The effects of a loaded rucksack and weighted vest on metabolic cost and stride frequency in female adults.

This study evaluated the metabolic cost and stride frequency during exercise while wearing an evenly distributed weight vest in recreationally fit women. Nine healthy women performed a modified Balke treadmill test until volitional fatigue in one of three conditions; (1) unloaded (2) rucksack and (3) weighted vest. Wearing a weighted vest did not show improvement of V̇, HR, peak stride frequency or average stride frequency (all  ≥ 0.

An evaluation of praise as a reinforcer for preschoolers' behavior.

Behavior analysts and educators often recommend using praise, particularly descriptive praise, despite mixed empirical findings to support this recommendation. We evaluated the effectiveness of praise as a reinforcer during a reinforcer assessment using known tasks with preschoolers in Experiment 1. Praise functioned as a reinforcer for 2 of 6 participants; the remaining 4 participants required additional reinforcers (edibles) to show a reinforcement effect.

Assessing factors that influence young children's food preferences and choices.

Researchers have identified an unbalanced diet as a key risk factor in the etiology of many chronic diseases (World Health Organization, ). Although researchers have found that numerous factors influence children's food choices, no assessment exists to identify these factors. In Experiment 1, we established preliminary empirical evidence of children's preferences for healthier and less-healthy foods, and found that 16 of 21 children preferred less-healthy foods to healthier foods.

Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercise Prescription in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Review of Selected Guidelines: AN OFFICIAL STATEMENT FROM THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY REHABILITATION.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with disabling dyspnea, skeletal muscle dysfunction, and significant morbidity and mortality. Current guidelines recommend pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) to improve dyspnea, functional capacity, and quality of life. Translating exercise science into safe and effective exercise training requires interpretation and use of multiple guidelines and recommendations.

Pyramiding B genes in cotton achieves broader but not always higher resistance to bacterial blight.

Near-isogenic lines of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) carrying single, race-specific genes B4, BIn, and b7 for resistance to bacterial blight were used to develop a pyramid of lines with all possible combinations of two and three genes to learn whether the pyramid could achieve broad and high resistance approaching that of L. A. Brinkerhoff's exceptional line Im216.

Four near-isogenic lines of cotton with different genes for bacterial blight resistance.

ABSTRACT The development and genetic characterization of four near-isogenic lines (NILs) of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is described herein. Each line contains a single, but different, gene for resistance to bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum.

Hyperphagia and self-mutilation in Prader-Willi syndrome: psychopharmacological issues.

This study focused in the treatment of two major Prader-Willi symptoms: hyperphagia and self-injurious behavior (SIB). Four patients participated in a four-year study with monthly follow-ups. Patients lived in a behaviorally structured environment, and were treated with selective serotonin reuptake blockers and phenothiazines.

Tropical mycoses.

The most common tropical subcutaneous and deep mycoses include chromomycosis, sporotrichosis and mycetoma. All are commonly found in Natal and in other subtropical countries. Although blastomycosis is endemic in North America, only 4 cases have been identified in Natal during the last 25 years, and all presented with atypical clinical features.

[Tropical mycoses].

The most common tropical subcutaneous and deep mycoses include chromomycosis, sporotrichosis and mycetoma. All are commonly found in Natal and in other sub-tropical countries. Although blastomycosis is endemic in North America, only four cases have been identified in Natal during the last 25 years and all presented with atypical clinical features.

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with IgA deficiency in a two-year-old African girl who responded well to ketoconazole.

The rare disorder of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is described in a two-year-old African girl who had a moderate lymphopenia due to fewer T and B cells, impaired lymphocyte transformation to PHA and candida antigen, decreased leucocyte migration inhibition to candida antigen and a defective cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity reaction to candida antigen and dinitrochlorobenzene. The patient's serum had a marginal inhibitory effect on the transformation of normal lymphocytes to candida antigen and no effect on PHA stimulation of these cells, as measured by stimulation index. In addition, IgA was deficient in her serum.