Corrigendum: Targeting thymidylate synthase enhances the chemosensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer towards 5-FU-based combinatorial therapy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.

A potent bioactive fraction against colon cancer from .

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the anticancer efficacy of the organic leaf extracts of the plant, (), and to analyze the molecular mechanism of the anticancer activity.

Methods: The leaf extracts were prepared by polarity-graded serial extraction of the dried leaf powder. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts was analyzed by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Autologous Wrapping Fibular Strut Graft and Iliac Bone Graft for the Treatment of Septic Non-union of Pediatric Ulnar Fracture: A Case Report.

Introduction: Infected non-union is rare in pediatric patients. Various methods have been described in the literature to manage such cases. We present a familiar and simple technique to treat a non-union in pediatric population.

Corrigendum: Cucurbitacin B, purified and characterized from the rhizome of exhibits anti-melanoma potential.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.

Pharmacological attenuation of melanoma by tryptanthrin pertains to the suppression of MITF-M through MEK/ERK signaling axis.

Melanoma is the most aggressive among all types of skin cancers. The current strategies against melanoma utilize BRAF, as a focal point for targeted therapy. However, therapy resistance developed in melanoma patients against the conventional anti-melanoma drugs hinders the ultimate benefits of targeted therapies.

Cucurbitacin B, Purified and Characterized From the Rhizome of Exhibits Anti-Melanoma Potential.

The ethnomedicinal plant from the Cucurbitaceae family, , or its bioactive derivatives have been widely utilized in traditional medicine owing to their distinct applications against various human ailments and have lured the interest of ethnobotanists and biochemists. Here, we report for the first time, the anti-cancer potential of a bio-active fraction isolated from the dried rhizome of , and the bioactive principle identified as cucurbitacin B (Cu-B). The purification processes involving the utilization of multiple organic extracts of rhizome powder, yielded Cu-B from the Ethyl acetate Cytotoxic Fraction (ECF), obtained by the chromatographic separation of the ethyl acetate extract.

Targeting Thymidylate Synthase Enhances the Chemosensitivity of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Towards 5-FU-Based Combinatorial Therapy.

Background: The ongoing treatment modalities for breast cancer (BC) primarily rely on the expression status of ER, PR and HER-2 receptors in BC tissues. Our strategy of chemosensitization provides new insights to counter chemoresistance, a major obstacle that limits the benefits of chemotherapy of mammary cancers.

Methods: By utilizing a murine breast cancer model employing NSG mice bearing orthotopic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) xenografts, we have evaluated the ability of phytochemical curcumin in chemosensitizing BC to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy and the differential modulations of cellular events in response to this strategy, independent of their receptor status.

Targeting K-Ras and apoptosis-driven cellular transformation in cancer.

Cellular transformation is a major event that helps cells to evade apoptosis, genomic instability checkpoints, and immune surveillance to initiate tumorigenesis and to promote progression by cancer stem cell expansion. However, the key molecular players that govern cellular transformation and ways to target cellular transformation for therapy are poorly understood to date. Here we draw key evidences from the literature on K-Ras-driven cellular transformation in the context of apoptosis to shed light on the key players that are required for cellular transformation and explain how aiming p53 could be useful to target cellular transformation.

Placental Transfusion for Asphyxiated Infants.

The current recommendation for umbilical cord management of non-vigorous infants (limp, pale, and not breathing) who need resuscitation at birth is to immediately clamp the umbilical cord. This recommendation is due in part to insufficient evidence for delayed cord clamping (DCC) or umbilical cord milking (UCM). These methods may provide a neuroprotective mechanism that also facilitates cardiovascular transition for non-vigorous infants at birth.

Pre-clinical evidences for the efficacy of tryptanthrin as a potent suppressor of skin cancer.

Objective: Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of indigo naturalis, a traditional Chinese medicine ingredient, against psoriasis, a skin disease characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and inflammation. The present study investigates the efficacy of tryptanthrin, a bioactive compound in indigo naturalis, against non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and the signalling events involved.

Methods: Efficacy of tryptanthrin against NMSC was assessed using DMBA/PMA-induced skin carcinogenesis model in Swiss albino mice.

Organization Science improves management effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas.

The ecological management effectiveness (EME) of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is the degree to which MPAs reach their ecological goals. The significant variability of EME among MPAs has been partly explained by MPA design, management and implementation features (e.g.

Role of Local Infiltration of Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss in Peritrochanteric Fracture Surgery in the Elderly Population.

Peritrochanteric fractures are common injuries occurring in elderly patients. Surgeries for these fractures are associated with significant blood loss. Intravenous tranexamic acid has a proven track record in many orthopaedic surgeries including trauma, arthroplasty and spine surgeries.

Digging Deeper into the Patello - Femoral Joint: Patello - Femoral Composite - A New Dimension for Overstuffing of Patello - Femoral Joint.

Introduction: Patello-femoral complications are the most common complications in postoperative Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) patients especially overstuffing of Patello - Femoral Joint (PFJ). So, to study the effects of overstuffing of PFJ in postoperative TKA patients we put forth a new dimension - "PATELLO - FEMORAL COMPOSITE (PFC)". This is the maximum distance between anterior cortical line of femur shaft and the anterior cortex of patella with knee in full extension.

Expect the Unexpected: Mycobacterial Infection in Post Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients.

Orthopaedic Surgeons rarely encounter mycobacterial infections in Post Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) patients. We present series of two cases to create awareness among clinicians to expect the unexpected. Tuberculosis typical/ atypical is a hidden culprit in catch clinical situations when chronic infection is Suspected, but the lab investigations are negative in persistently symptomatic patients.

Impact of negative pressure wound therapy on open diaphyseal tibial fractures: A prospective randomized trial.

Introduction: Open tibial fractures are associated with a high incidence of mainly osteomyelitis. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a novel form of treatment that uses subatmospheric pressure to effect early wound healing.

Objectives And Study Design: To determine the effect of NPWT on incidence of deep infections/osteomyelitis after open tibial fractures using a prospective randomized study design.

Avascular Necrosis of Acetabulum: The Hidden Culprit of Resistant Deep Wound Infection and Failed Fixation of Fracture Acetabulum - A Case Report.

Introduction: Chances of avascular necrosis of acetabulum are rare as it enjoys a rich blood supply. But cases of post - traumatic avascular necrosis of acetabulum following fracture of posterior column have been well documented. Importance of identifying and suspecting the avascular necrosis of acetabulum is essential in cases of failed fixation of fracture acetabulum, previously operated using extensile approach to acetabulum; either extended anterior ilio - femoral or tri - radiate approach.

Cervical cancer: A comprehensive approach towards extermination.

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted pathogen, globally. Oncogenic types of HPV are the causative agents of many neoplastic diseases, including cervical cancer, which ranks as the most common cancer affecting females in developing countries. HPV infection of the cervical epithelium and the subsequent integration of viral DNA into the host genome are the major risk factors for cervical cancer.

Curcumin inhibits B[a]PDE-induced procarcinogenic signals in lung cancer cells, and curbs B[a]P-induced mutagenesis and lung carcinogenesis.

Benzo[a]pyrene is a procarcinogen present in environment and cigarette smoke, which could be bio-transformed in vivo to B[a]PDE, a potent carcinogen known to form DNA adducts and induce mutations. We observed that curcumin, a known chemopreventive, could significantly inhibit the survival of lung cancer cells exposed to B[a]PDE. It also downregulates B[a]PDE-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB as assessed by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) and NF-κB-dependent reporter gene assay.

[6]-Gingerol induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and prevents PMA-induced proliferation in colon cancer cells by inhibiting MAPK/AP-1 signaling.

We report mechanism-based evidence for the anticancer and chemopreventive efficacy of [6]-gingerol, the major active principle of the medicinal plant, Ginger (Zingiber officinale), in colon cancer cells. The compound was evaluated in two human colon cancer cell lines for its cytotoxic effect and the most sensitive cell line, SW-480, was selected for the mechanistic evaluation of its anticancer and chemopreventive efficacy. The non-toxic nature of [6]-gingerol was confirmed by viability assays on rapidly dividing normal mouse colon cells.

White matter characterization of adolescent binge drinking with and without co-occurring marijuana use: a 3-year investigation.

The aims of this study were to investigate the consequences of prolonged patterns of alcohol and marijuana use on white matter integrity and neurocognitive functioning in late adolescence, and examine neurodevelopmental trajectories over three years of regular follow-up visits. Three groups of demographically similar teens received assessments every 1.5 years (controls with consistently minimal substance use, n=16; teens who gradually increase their heavy episodic drinking n=17, and continuous binge drinkers with heavy marijuana use, n=21), including comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations, diffusion tensor imaging, and detailed substance use interviews.

White matter integrity pre- and post marijuana and alcohol initiation in adolescence.

Characterizing the effects of alcohol and marijuana use on adolescent brain development is important for understanding potential alterations in neurodevelopment. Several cross sectional studies have identified group differences in white matter integrity after initiation of heavy alcohol and marijuana use, however none have explored white matter trajectories in adolescents pre- and post initiation of use, particularly for marijuana users. This study followed 16 adolescents with minimal alcohol and marijuana use at ages 16-18 over three years.

Longitudinal changes in white matter integrity among adolescent substance users.

Background: The influence of repeated substance use during adolescent neurodevelopment remains unclear as there have been few prospective investigations. The aims of this study were to identify longitudinal changes in fiber tract integrity associated with alcohol- and marijuana-use severity over the course of 1.5 years.

White matter integrity, substance use, and risk taking in adolescence.

White matter development is important for efficient communication between brain regions, higher order cognitive functioning, and complex behaviors. Adolescents have a higher propensity for engaging in risky behaviors, yet few studies have explored associations between white matter integrity and risk taking directly. Altered white matter integrity in mid-adolescence was hypothesized to predict subsequent risk taking behaviors 1.