Fibrosis in Oral Carcinoma and Leukoplakia: an Immunohistochemical Study.

Objectives: The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate clinicopathologic profile and collagen type I expression in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma to elucidate stromal alterations in malignant transformation.

Material And Methods: The sample consisted of 40 cases, of which 20 oral leukoplakia (OL) were classified according to World Health Organization and binary systems for grading oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) as well as 20 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), moderately or poorly differentiated. Type I collagen was analysed by immunohistochemistry, Fisher's exact test and chi-square test evaluated the clinical data.

How malocclusion interferes with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression and morphology of the articular cartilage of the mandible in female rats.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate morphological alterations and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in the articular cartilage of the mandible under conditions of experimentally induced malocclusion.

Design: Twenty-four 8-week-old female Wistar rats were used and divided into control and experimental groups with two different treatment periods (2 and 4 weeks). Sagittal malocclusions were orthodontically created, causing mesial movement of the first molars and distalization of the third molars unilaterally and on opposite sides of the arches.

Immunohistochemical Study of Laminin-332 γ2 Chain and MMP-9 in High Risk of Malignant Transformation Oral Lesions and OSCC.

Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with alterations in basement membrane. Laminin-332 is present in basal lamina and performs multiple biologic effects by γ2 chain. Matrix metalloproteinase acts disrupting extracellular components and was related to poor prognosis in cancer.

Could formaldehyde induce mutagenic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells during anatomy classes?

Background: Due to increased formaldehyde exposure, carcinogenic to humans, several researches have been studying the potential toxicity and the safe levels for human beings. The aim of this study was to investigate mutagenicity and cytotoxicity in buccal epithelial exfoliated cells (BEC) of students subjected to formaldehyde (FA) during anatomy classes.

Material And Methods: BEC were collected periodically from 17 volunteers of undergraduate programs, who had participated in practical anatomy classes, before and after FA exposure.

Fibrosis and Mast Cells in Colorectal Lesions: Significance in Adenoma-Colorectal Cancer Sequence and Association with Diet.

Purpose: Adenoma is the most common benign neoplasm with potential to progress into colorectal cancer (CRC), a disease responsible for high rates of mortality. However, it is not possible yet to establish which lesions will evolve into CRC. We aimed to investigate the intrinsic factors, diet profile, and microenvironment as factors involved in adenoma-CRC progression.

The Virtual Family--development of surface-based anatomical models of two adults and two children for dosimetric simulations.

The objective of this study was to develop anatomically correct whole body human models of an adult male (34 years old), an adult female (26 years old) and two children (an 11-year-old girl and a six-year-old boy) for the optimized evaluation of electromagnetic exposure. These four models are referred to as the Virtual Family. They are based on high resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images of healthy volunteers.

Measurement of kidney perfusion by magnetic resonance imaging: comparison of MRI with arterial spin labeling to para-aminohippuric acid plasma clearance in male subjects with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging with arterial spin labeling (MRI-ASL) is a non-invasive approach to measure organ perfusion. We aimed to examine whether MRI-ASL kidney perfusion measurements are related to measurements of renal plasma flow (RPF) by para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) plasma clearance and whether changes of kidney perfusion in response to treatment with telmisartan can be detected by MRI-ASL.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with metabolic syndrome and an estimated creatinine clearance according to Cockroft and Gault of > or =60 ml/min were included in the study.

Structural and ultra-structural features of the first mandibular molars of young rats submitted to pre and postnatal protein deficiencies.

The effects of protein malnutrition, both in utero and prior to weaning, on formation of the first mandibular molars were evaluated by phase-contrast and electron microscopy in rats. The nourished group (GI) received a diet that included 20% casein, while the malnourished group (GII) received 5% casein. The first mandibular molars from GII exhibited low density of cells and odontoblasts, which lacked regular organization compared with molars from GI.

Ultra-fast carotid CT-angiography: low versus standard volume contrast material protocol for a 128-slice CT-system.

Objectives: Noninvasive imaging is increasingly accepted for the evaluation of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid arteries. We sought to evaluate the feasibility of a low-contrast media volume protocol for carotid computed tomography angiography (CTA) using a 128-slice-spiral-computed tomography scanner with a gantry rotation time of 300 milliseconds.

Methods And Materials: Thirty consecutive patients underwent CTA for the evaluation of the carotid vessels, with a 128-section scanner.

DNA double-strand breaks and their repair in blood lymphocytes of patients undergoing angiographic procedures.

Objectives: To adapt gamma-H2AX immunofluorescence microscopy to assessment of induction and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients undergoing angiographic procedures.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. After written informed patient consents were obtained, venous blood samples were taken from 19 patients (age 23-88 years) undergoing different angiographic procedures before, during, and after (10 minutes-24 hours) the examination.

A retrospective study of enteroclysis in patients with manifest food allergy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are typical findings in enteroclysis of patients suffering from food allergy (FA).

Materials And Methods: Findings of enteroclysis of 26 FA patients were correlated with results of endoscopic and histologic examinations. In two patients allergen provocation was performed during enteroclysis.

Randomized comparison of 64-slice single- and dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography for the detection of coronary artery disease.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of a systematic approach to lower heart rate for coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography on diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice single- and dual-source CT.

Background: Coronary CT angiography is often impaired by motion artifacts, so that routine lowering of heart rate is usually recommended. This is often conceived as a major limitation of the technique.

Unusual subcutaneous localisation of a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the female breast: a case report.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a slow growing soft tissue neoplasm of dermal fibroblastic origin characterised by local invasion and a high propensity for local recurrence. We report a 31-year-old woman with subcutaneous DFSP of the breast, which is an unusual localisation. Diagnostic work-up comprised clinical examination, mammography and ultrasound.

Nephrotoxicity of iso-osmolar iodixanol compared with nonionic low-osmolar contrast media: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: To compare the nephrotoxicity of iso-osmolar iodixanol with that of nonionic low-osmolar contrast media (CM) (LOCM) in randomized clinical trials.

Materials And Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted with a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Web of Science, ISI Web of Knowledge, Current Contents Medizin, Cochrane Library (until August 2007), trial registers, conference proceedings, and reference lists to identify studies and with requests from all manufacturers of CM for unidentified studies. Randomized controlled trials assessing serum creatinine levels before and after intravascular application of iodixanol or LOCM were included.

Impact of 131I SPECT/spiral CT on nodal staging of differentiated thyroid carcinoma at the first radioablation.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of 131I SPECT/spiral CT (SPECT/CT) on nodal staging of patients with thyroid carcinoma at the first ablative radioiodine therapy.

Methods: Fifty-seven patients were studied using SPECT/CT 3-4 d after receiving 3.96+/-0.

[Oropharyngeal pathologies].

The oropharynx is an interface between the airway and the digestive tract. Clinical evaluation and endoscopy suffice for the diagnosis of a variety of lesions, but tumors require cross-sectional imaging to assess local infiltration depth and lymphatic spread. This article discusses different lesions of the oropharynx with respect to imaging characteristics of CT and MRI, with a focus on resectability issues and decision-making.

Functional cardiac CT imaging: a new contrast application strategy for a better visualization of the cardiac chambers.

Purpose: Evaluation of a new protocol for Dual-source CT contrast-enhanced cardiac imaging for better visualization of right ventricle structures.

Methods: A total of 106 patients were included in this prospective, controlled study. The control group (n=53) underwent our clinic's standard procedure for contrast-enhanced imaging of coronary arteries.

Direct MR galactography: feasibility study.

Purpose: To compare T1- and T2-weighted direct magnetic resonance (MR) galactography, indirect MR galactography, and conventional galactography in women with pathologic nipple discharge.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the institutional review board. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.

Automated breast ultrasound: lesion detection and BI-RADS classification--a pilot study.

Purpose: Evaluation of an automated breast ultrasound system (ABUS) regarding the detection and classification of breast lesions according to BI-RADS.

Materials And Methods: Women were selected for the study who had unclear findings in breast diagnosis performed elsewhere (palpation, sonography or mammography) and who were referred for further work-up. All patients received a hand-held ultrasonography (HHUS) with a 13 MHz transducer, clinical examination and mammography of both breasts.

MR imaging: influence of imaging technique and postprocessing on measurement of internal carotid artery stenosis.

Background And Purpose: MR angiography (MRA) is increasingly used as an alternative to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to evaluate internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Because MRA is not standardized in data acquisition and postprocessing, we sought to evaluate the effects of different acquisition techniques (time-of-flight MRA [TOF-MRA]) and contrast-enhanced MRA [CE-MRA]) and postprocessing methods (maximum intensity projection [MIP], multiplanar reformation [MPR], and volume-rendering on stenosis grading.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients (33 men, 17 women) with symptomatic ICA stenosis were examined at 1.

Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery BLADE magnetic resonance imaging of the brain: an alternative to spin-echo technique for detection of brain lesions in the unsedated pediatric patient?

Rationale And Objectives: We compared contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain using different types of data acquisition techniques: periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER, BLADE) imaging versus standard k-space sampling (conventional spin-echo pulse sequence) in the unsedated pediatric patient with focus on artifact reduction, overall image quality, and lesion detectability.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight pediatric patients (aged 3 months to 18 years) were scanned with a clinical 1.5-T whole body MR scanner.

[Computer-assisted navigation system for interventional CT-guided procedures: results of phantom and clinical studies].

Purpose: To evaluate the technical applicability and accuracy of a navigation system for CT-guided interventional procedures in a phantom and a patient study.

Materials And Methods: A novel navigation tool (CAPPA IRAD, CAS innovations AG, Erlangen, Germany) was employed for CT-guided biopsies in a phantom and in patients. The entire system consists of a PC, navigation software, an optical tracking system and a patient frame.

Cutaneous application of local anaesthetic--a useful help in galactography.

Galactography is an important step in the diagnostic workup of abnormal nipple discharge. At times it is impossible to insert the cannula in the secreting duct and galactography cannot be performed. In such cases we tried applying local anaesthetic spray (LA) cutaneously to the nipple followed by a further insertion attempt.