Multicentre Study Into the Use of Polyethylene Glycol With Electrolytes Over at Least 6 Months to Treat Constipation in Paediatric Populations.

Background: Constipation is a common clinical problem in children, for which the first-line therapeutic options are osmotic laxatives, mainly polyethylene glycol (PEG). These treatments are often prescribed for short or limited periods, with progressive treatment withdrawal often resulting in relapses. However, there are a few studies into the long-term use (≥6 months) of PEG 3350 with electrolytes (PEG+E) in terms of the patients' clinical evolution.

15 years' experience in the single-port laparoscopic treatment of pediatric varicocele with Ligasure® technology.

Introduction: Varicocele is an abnormal dilatation of the internal spermatic veins of the spermatic cord. It has an estimated prevalence of 15% in young male adults. Even though most of them are asymptomatic, scrotal pain and testicular hypotrophy are frequent in children and adolescents.

[Ibero-Latinamerican Clinical Practical Guidelines on pediatric caustic esophagitis: Therapeutical aspects (Part 2)].

Caustic ingestion represents a serious social-medical problem due to the devastating and irreversible consequences it can produce in the upper digestive tract. In Ibero-America, there are no published reliable data on the incidence or prevalence of caustic-induced injuries, and most of the available information on clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis is based on retrospective clinical series and, indeed, its clinical management is often based primarily on expert opinion. Re cently as an initiative of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN) and with the cooperation of the Spanish Society for Pediatric Gastroente rology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SEGHNP), we have designed a Clinical Practice Guideline that include a series of statements and recommendations aimed at optimizing patient medical care which is based on the systematic review of evidence.

[Ibero-latinamerican clinical practical guidelines on pediatric caustic esophagitis: Physiopathology and clinical-endoscopic diagnosis (1st Part)].

Caustic ingestion represents a serious social-medical problem due to the devastating and irreversible consequences it can produce in the upper digestive tract. In Ibero-America, there are no published reliable data on the incidence or prevalence of caustic-induced injuries, and most of the available information on clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis is based on retrospective clinical series and, indeed, its clinical management is often based primarily on expert opinion. Re cently as an initiative of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN) and with the cooperation of the Spanish Society for Pediatric Gastroente rology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SEGHNP), we have designed a Clinical Practice Guideline that include a series of statements and recommendations aimed at optimizing patient medical care which is based on the systematic review of evidence.

Surgical Treatment on Subungual Osteochondromas in Paediatric Feet: A Case Series Study.

Unlabelled: Subungual osteochondroma (SO) is an infrequent and non-malignant bone tumour of the distal phalanx, especially prominent in paediatric populations. The aim of this research was to describe a case series of paediatric feet with SO which received surgical treatments. The secondary purpose was to compare these descriptive data by sex distribution.

[Epigenetics as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for pyeloureteral stenosis.].

Objective: In the last few years, numerous studies have focused on the genetics of the renal system. Betchel et al in 2010 demonstrated that methylation, as a epigenetic phenomenon, would be involved in the perpetuation of fibrosis. In our study, we want to demonstrate whether epigenetics is related to pyeloureteral stenosis and, if that is the case, if it could be used as prognostic and diagnostic biomarker.

Perineal groove in female infants: A case series and literature review.

Background: Perineal groove is a rare congenital malformation that is unknown to many clinicians and is often misdiagnosed. Although it may be self-resolving during childhood, this nonepithelized mucous membrane can pose the risk of local irritation and infection, particularly urinary tract infection.

Methods: A retrospective study of female infants diagnosed with a perineal groove was performed, demographic characteristics and clinical features were analyzed, and a photographic review was conducted.

A simple dressing for hypospadias surgery in children.

One of the most controversial aspects of hypospadias surgery is the election of an appropriate wound dressing. In fact, there may be as many different types of dressing as there are types of surgical repair. Here, we describe a new, simple method for hypospadias dressing in children that minimizes painful removal.

An unusual presentation of postaxial polydactyly of the foot.

A 6-month-old Caucasian baby is described with a postaxial polydactyly of the letf foot. Radiographic examination revealed the accessory digit was composed of soft tissue, some with a tiny osseous element, originated from around the metatarsophalangeal joint, defined by floating type (FT). The parents had consistent difficulty putting shoes.

Umbilical cord and visceral hemangiomas diagnosed in the neonatal period: A case report and a review of the literature.

Background: Umbilical cord hemangioma is very rare and may not be detected prenatally. However, it should be considered in differential diagnosis with other umbilical masses because it can cause significant morbidity.

Methods: We report the case of a newborn referred with suspected omphalitis and umbilical hernia.

Periungual and subungual congenital melanocytic nevus on the foot: A rare case report.

A 5-year-old caucasian child is described with a congenital melanocytic periungual and subungual nevus on the right second toe. Histopathologic examination revealed a junctional nevus. Congenital subungual nevi in this location are rare.

A cross-sectional study of cryptorchidism in children: testicular volume and hormonal function at 18 years of age.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between unilateral or bilateral criptorchidism, patient age, primary location of the gonad and modality of treatment with testicular volume and hormonal status at 18 years in patients diagnosed and treated for cryptorchidism during childhood.

Materials And Methods: Testicular volume, LH, FSH, and testosterone were evaluated in 143 young men at 18 years treated in childhood for unilateral (n=103) or bilateral (n=40) cryptorchidism.

Results: Unilateral cryptorchidism: Location of testis was prescrotal in 36 patients, inguinal in 52 and non-palpable in 15.

[Conservative treatment for omental infarction].

The omental infarction is a pathology that occurs more and more in children due to the increased use of imaging studies and the increment in overweigth and obesity. Clinical presentation is characterized by abdominal pain and can be confused with appendicitis, ileitis, adenitis, among other abdominal conditions. Definitive diagnosis requires the performance of radiologic investigations and its treatment may be conservative.

The impact of foot arch height on quality of life in 6-12 year olds.

Objective: To determine whether arch height has an effect on the health-related quality of life of schoolchildren.

Methods: One hundred and thirteen schoolchildren attended an out-patient centre where self-reported data were recorded, their feet were classified into one of three groups according to their arch index (high, normal or low) and the scores obtained from the Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ - Spanish version) were compared.

Results: The groups with high, low and normal arch recorded lower scores in Section One for the general foot health and footwear domains and higher scores in foot pain and foot function.

[Application of cantharidin, podophyllotoxin, and salicylic acid in recalcitrant plantar warts. A preliminary study].

Introduction: Plantar warts often are refractory to any treatment and can last for decades in adults. Recalcitrant warts are defined as those that have persisted for more than two years, or after at least two treatment modalities.

Methods: A total of 15 consecutive patients with recalcitrant plantar warts were included in this preliminary study.

Prolapsed cecoureterocele presented as a prenatal genital mass: A urological challenge.

Prolapse of a cecoureterocele through the urethra presenting as a prenatal vulval mass is an extremely uncommon entity. We present a case of a newborn girl with a cecoureterocele extending through the urethra (diagnosed at 29 weeks' gestation) and we present its postnatal findings and outcomes.

Giant presacral tailgut cyst mimicking rectal duplication in a girl: report of a pediatric case.

Tailgut cyst, or retrorectal cystic hamartoma, is a rare congenital lesion found in the presacral space. The lession has been infrequently reported in medical literature. It is most common in middle-aged women and is rare in children.

Congenital absence of preputial foreskin: an extremely uncommon anomaly.

The part of the penile skin that covers the glans penis is named prepuce or foreskin. The embryologic development of the prepuce and urethra is related. Several congenital anomalies of the prepuce have been previously reported, but the absence of the prepuce with a normal development of the urethra is a very rare association.