Real-life effects of pharmacological osteoporosis treatments on bone mineral density by quantitative computed tomography.

Introduction: Monitoring of bone mineral density (BMD) is used to assess pharmacological osteoporosis therapy. This study examined the real-life effects of antiresorptive and osteoanabolic treatments on volumetric BMD (vBMD) of the spine by quantitative computed tomography (QCT).

Materials And Methods: Patients aged ≥ 50 years with a vBMD < 120 mg/ml had ≥ 2 QCT.

Distances and angles in standing long-leg radiographs: comparing conventional radiography, digital radiography, and EOS.

Objective: Distances and angles measured from long-leg radiographs (LLR) are important for surgical decision-making. However, projectional radiography suffers from distortion, potentially generating differences between measurement and true anatomical dimension. These phenomena are not uniform between conventional radiography (CR) digital radiography (DR) and fan-beam technology (EOS).

Impact of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced and Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging on Detection of Early Local Recurrence of Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Background: Diagnosis of residual or recurrent tumor in soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) is a differential diagnostic challenge since post-therapeutic changes impede diagnosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to detect local recurrence of STS of the limb.

Study Type: Prospective.

Hematopoietic islands mimicking osteoblastic metastases within the axial skeleton.

Background: Hyperplasia of the hematopoietic bone marrow in the appendicular skeleton is common. In contrast, focal hematopoietic islands within the axial skeleton are a rare entity and can confuse with osteoblastic metastases. This study aimed to characterize typical MRI and CT findings of hematopoietic islands in distinction from osteoblastic metastases to help both radiologists and clinicians, on the one hand, not to overdiagnose this entity and, on the other hand, to decide on a reasonable work-up.

MR imaging detection of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: impact of intravenous contrast administration and reader's experience on diagnostic performance.

Objective: Correct identification of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS) has an important impact on adequate therapy. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of intravenous contrast administration and of reader's experience on sensitivity and specificity of MRI in diagnosing ACS.

Materials And Methods: A total of 180 patients were included in a retrospective study: 60 subjects with at least 4 of 5 clinical signs of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder and 120 patients with other shoulder diseases who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI.

[Radiological diagnosis of multiple myeloma : Role of imaging and the current S3 guideline].

Clinical Issue: Multiple myeloma is a clonal B‑lymphocyte neoplasm of terminally differentiated plasma cells and accounts for approximately 10% of all hematologic malignancies. Reduction of bone mass, seen on computed tomography (CT) as focal osteolysis, or general osteopenia is mainly caused by tumor-induced resorption of bone.

Standard Radiological Methods: Imaging methods are used in multiple myeloma to record the extent of various dimensions of the disease manifestations (damage to bone substance, bone marrow infiltration, extramedullary involvement) and the disease course.

Magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) 2.0 for the evaluation of retropatellar autologous chondrocyte transplantation and correlation to clinical outcome.

Background: Matrix-associated chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) has become an established treatment option for cartilage defects.

Objective: Three objectives were defined: first, to evaluate retropatellar cartilage grafts using Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) 2.0 score; second, to determine whether clinical outcome correlates with specific parameters or overall results; third, to screen those parameters for their ability to predict a clinical outcome of Delta IKDC ≥ 20 as a threshold for good clinical response at 12 months.

[Skeletal manifestations of systemic hematologic disorders].

Background: Bone marrow consists of connective tissue and stem cells, which generate blood cells. This includes erythropoiesis, leukopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. Thus, hematologic disorders first affect the bone marrow and secondarily the blood.

Technique and results after immediate orthotopic replantation of extracorporeally irradiated tumor bone autografts with and without fibular augmentation in extremity tumors.

Background: Reconstruction of the skeletal defects resulting from the resection of bone tumors remains a considerable challenge and one of the possibilities is the orthotopic replantation of the irradiated bone autograft. One technical option with this technique is the addition of a vital autologous fibular graft, with or without microvascular anastomosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical results of the treatment of our patient cohort with a specific view to the role of fibular augmentation.

Functional results after oncological scapula resections.

Introduction: Tumors of the scapula are rare representing only 1.6%-2.8% of all skeletal tumor localizations.

Quadriceps fat pad edema in MR imaging: Association with quadriceps tendon alterations in a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Edema of the quadriceps fat pad (QFP) in MR imaging has been described as a distinct finding associated with anterior knee pain, its etiology, however, remains under debate. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential relationship between QFP edema, alterations of the quadriceps tendon (QT) and other anterior knee structures.

Method: 800 consecutive, clinically indicated MRI exams of the knee at 3T were retrospectively analyzed for the absence or presence of QFP edema.

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) versus whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) for myeloma imaging and staging.

Myeloma-associated bone disease (MBD) develops in about 80-90% of patients and severely affects their quality of life, as it accounts for the majority of mortality and morbidity. Imaging in multiple myeloma (MM) and MBD is of utmost importance in order to detect bone and bone marrow lesions as well as extraosseous soft-tissue masses and complications before the initiation of treatment. It is required for determination of the stage of disease and aids in the assessment of treatment response.

Desmoid Tumors of the Foot: A Retrospective Study of Four Patients.

Background: Desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF) is an aggressive (myo)fibroblastic neoplasm with an infiltrative growth pattern and a tendency for local recurrence. It is rarely seen at the foot. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze clinical presentation, therapy, and outcomes in a consecutive series of four patients with DF at the foot.

Effect of the defect localization and size on the success of third-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation in the knee joint.

Introduction: Femoral and patellar cartilage defects with a defect size > 2.5 cm are a potential indication for an autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). However, the influence of the localization and the absolute and relative defect size on the clinical outcome has not yet been determined.

Primary bone lymphoma: Clinical presentation and therapeutic considerations.

Background: Primary lymphoma of bone (PBL) is a rare entity. Due to unspecific clinical signs and equivocal radiographs diagnosis may be delayed. This retrospective report of 109 PBL cases demonstrates typical aspects of the lesion.

The Effect of Resection Margin on Local Recurrence and Survival in High Grade Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Extremities: How Far Is Far Enough?

Background: The significance of surgical margins after resection of soft tissue sarcomas in respect to local-recurrence-free survival and overall survival is evaluated.

Methods: A total of 305 patients with deep-seated, G2/3 soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremity, the trunk wall, or the pelvis were reviewed. The margin was defined according to the Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC) classification system (R0-2), the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) classification (R + 1 mm) for which a margin <1 mm is included into the R1 group, and in groups of <1 mm, 1-5 mm, >5 mm, or >10 mm.

Is bone marrow edema syndrome a precursor of hip or knee osteonecrosis? Results of 49 patients and review of the literature.

Purpose: Diagnosis of bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) can be challenging. There is sometimes uncertainty about the correct diagnosis of BMES on morphologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), since subchondral findings like lines and spots can be misinterpreted as "beginning" or "possible" avascular osteonecrosis (AVN). The aim of our study was to systematically assess the temporal course of BMES from first diagnosis on MRI until the end of clinical symptoms and the full disappearance of bone marrow edema (BME) to determine whether subchondral lines and spots detected in these patients can develop into osteonecrosis.

Patient-Reported and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Outcomes of Third-Generation Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation After 10 Years.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term clinical and radiologic outcomes of third-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) for the treatment of focal cartilage defects of the knee.

Methods: Data capture was carried out between 2004 and 2018. Included were patients with cartilage defects of the knee joint with an International Cartilage Repair Society grade of III or higher treated with third-generation ACI who had a minimum follow-up period of 10 years.

Biological Reactions to Metal Particles and Ions in the Synovial Layer of Mice.

Metal particles and ions released from implants not only have a fundamental effect on the longevity of total joint replacements, but can also be disseminated to remote organs. Periprosthetic tissues harvested during revision surgeries mainly reflect end-stage failure but may not adequately reveal initial biological reactions and systemic side effects. Therefore, primary reactions caused by metal particles and ions were investigated in an established murine model.

How We Manage Bone Marrow Edema-An Interdisciplinary Approach.

Bone marrow edema (BME) is a descriptive term for a common finding in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although pain is the major symptom, BME differs in terms of its causal mechanisms, underlying disease, as well as treatment and prognosis. This complexity together with the lack of evidence-based guidelines, frequently makes the identification of underlying conditions and its management a major challenge.

Clear cell chondrosarcoma is an underestimated tumor: Report of 7 cases and meta-analysis of the literature.

Introduction: Clear cell chondrosarcoma (CCC) is a rare subtype of chondrosarcoma and it is commonly considered a low-grade tumor and less aggressive than atypical cartilaginous tumor (grade 1 central chondrosarcoma). However, the experience even of musculoskeletal tumor centres with this rare entity is limited. The aim of this study is to analyse our own treatment results and those of the literature regarding the therapy and outcome of this lesion.

Tumor load in patients with multiple myeloma: β₂-microglobulin levels versus low-dose whole-body CT.

Objective: Beta-2-microglobulin is a serum marker of tumor burden in multiple myeloma (MM). Our aim was to correlate serum β₂-microglobulin levels in patients with MM to tumor burden determined by low-dose whole-body CT (LDWBCT).

Materials And Methods: A total of 52 patients with newly diagnosed, untreated MM who underwent LDWBCT were included.

Aneurysmal bone cyst: results of an off label treatment with Denosumab.

Background: The treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) has evolved and less invasive methods have been tried. Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody which inhibits osteoclasts. It has been shown to be effective in giant cell tumour of bone (GCT) of bone and hence promises some effect also in ABC.