Thiamine-Reduced Fatigue in Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Linked to Abundance.

Background And Aims: Chronic fatigue is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The gut microbiota, specifically, microbial diversity and butyrate-producing bacteria have been linked to the fatigue pathogenesis. High-dose oral thiamine reduces fatigue, potentially through gut microbiota modification.

International consensus statement on microbiome testing in clinical practice.

There is growing interest in the potential exploitation of the gut microbiome as a diagnostic tool in medicine, but evidence supporting its clinical usefulness is scarce. An increasing number of commercial providers offer direct-to-consumer microbiome diagnostic tests without any consensus on their regulation or any proven value in clinical practice, which could result in considerable waste of individual and health-care resources and potential drawbacks in the clinical management of patients. We convened an international multidisciplinary expert panel to standardise best practices of microbiome testing for clinical implementation, including recommendations on general principles and minimum requirements for their provision, indications, pre-testing protocols, method of analyses, reporting of results, and potential clinical value.

Cost-effectiveness of faecal microbiota transplantation compared with vancomycin monotherapy for early Clostridioides difficile infection: economic evaluation alongside a randomized controlled trial.

Background: For Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is currently recommended for patients with three or more CDI episodes. A recent randomised controlled trial (RCT) show that FMT may be considered early, defined as intervention during the first or second CDI episode.

Aim: The aim was to investigate hospital costs of FMT as a complementary treatment compared with current standard care in patients with first or second CDI.

Early geriatric assessment and management in older patients with Clostridioides difficile infection in Denmark (CLODIfrail): a randomised trial.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection causes diarrhoea and colitis. Older patients with C difficile infection are often frail and have comorbidities, leading to high mortality rates. The frailty burden in older people might restrict access to treatments, such as C difficile infection-specific antibiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation.

Encapsulated donor faeces for faecal microbiota transplantation: the Glyprotect protocol.

Background: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a highly effective treatment for infection. Its use is backed by solid evidence, but application methods differ. Encapsulated FMT is a non-invasive, patient-friendly and scalable application method that may be preferred over colonoscopy or nasoduodenal tube application.

Protein-based oral rehydration solutions for patients with an ileostomy: A randomised, double-blinded crossover study.

Background & Aim: Patients with an ileostomy are at increased risk of dehydration and sodium depletion. Treatments recommended may include oral rehydration solutions (ORS). We aimed to investigate if protein type or protein hydrolysation affects absorption from iso-osmolar ORS in patients with an ileostomy.

Infant Ustekinumab Clearance, Risk of Infection, and Development After Exposure During Pregnancy.

Background: Evidence on ustekinumab safety in pregnancy is gradually expanding, but its clearance in the postnatal period is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate ustekinumab concentrations in umbilical cord blood and rates of clearance after birth, as well as how these correlate with maternal drug concentrations, risk of infection, and developmental milestones during the first year of life.

Methods: Pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease were prospectively recruited from 19 hospitals in Denmark and the Netherlands between 2018 and 2022.

Donor, patient age and exposure to antibiotics are associated with the outcome of faecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI), but its effect varies inexplicably.

Aims: To optimise the effectiveness of FMT for rCDI and validate determinants for effect METHODS: We conducted a cohort study, including all patients treated with FMT for rCDI between October 2018 and June 2020. Statistical process control was used to evaluate the impact of prospective quality improvement on the effect of single FMT treatments per 10-11 patients.

Fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent C. difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is known to be highly effective in patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI), but its role in patients who also suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unclear. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FMT for the treatment of rCDI in patients with IBD. We searched the available literature until November 22, 2022 to identify studies that included patients with IBD treated with FMT for rCDI, reporting efficacy outcomes after at least 8 weeks of follow-up.

Early Economic Assessment of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation for Patients with Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Organisms.

Introduction: The use of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to eradicate intestinal carriage of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) has been described in case reports and small case series. Although few in numbers, these patients suffer from recurrent infections that may exacerbate both the patients' comorbidities and their healths. In the current study, we hypothesized that FMT for MDRO-related urinary tract infections (UTIs) reduces hospitalisations and associated costs.

Frailty level at discharge predicts mortality in older patients with Clostridioides difficile more accurately than age or disease severity.

Purpose: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has a high mortality among older patients. Identification of older patients with CDI in increased mortality risk is important to target treatment and thereby reduce mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate mortality rates and compare frailty levels at discharge, measured by the record-based Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI), with age and severity of CDI as mortality predictors in patients with CDI diagnosed during hospitalisation.

Short- and long-term follow-up after fecal microbiota transplantation as treatment for recurrent infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk of developing infection (CDI). Treatment of CDI in patients with IBD is challenging due to higher failure rates and concomitant IBD activity.

Objectives: We performed a multicentre cohort study in patients with IBD who received fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for recurrent CDI (rCDI), to further investigate factors that influence the clinical outcome and course of both rCDI and IBD.

Risk of Helicobacter pylori transmission by faecal microbiota transplantation via oral capsules.

Objectives: The aim was to determine if Helicobacter pylori is transmitted from donors to recipients by faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) via oral capsules.

Methods: In a cohort of faeces donors not primarily screened for H. pylori, consecutive stool samples were retrospectively analysed by the H.

Gut microbiota differs between treatment outcomes early after fecal microbiota transplantation against recurrent infection.

AbstarctIn fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) against recurrent infection (CDI), clinical outcomes are usually determined after 8 weeks. We hypothesized that the intestinal microbiota changes earlier than this timepoint, and analyzed fecal samples obtained 1 week after treatment from 64 patients diagnosed with recurrent CDI and included in a randomized clinical trial, where the infection was treated with either vancomycin-preceded FMT ( = 24), vancomycin ( = 16) or fidaxomicin ( = 24). In comparison with non-responders, patients with sustained resolution after FMT had increased microbial alpha diversity, enrichment of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, depletion of Enterobacteriaceae, more pronounced donor microbiota engraftment, and resolution of gut microbiota dysbiosis.

Cross-generational bacterial strain transfer to an infant after fecal microbiota transplantation to a pregnant patient: a case report.

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) effectively prevents the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Long-term engraftment of donor-specific microbial consortia may occur in the recipient, but potential further transfer to other sites, including the vertical transmission of donor-specific strains to future generations, has not been investigated. Here, we report, for the first time, the cross-generational transmission of specific bacterial strains from an FMT donor to a pregnant patient with CDI and further to her child, born at term, 26 weeks after the FMT treatment.

Faecal microbiota transplantation for first or second Clostridioides difficile infection (EarlyFMT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection is an urgent antibiotic-associated health threat with few treatment options. Microbiota restoration with faecal microbiota transplantation is an effective treatment option for patients with multiple recurring episodes of C difficile. We compared the efficacy and safety of faecal microbiota transplantation compared with placebo after vancomycin for first or second C difficile infection.

Health-related quality of life in patients with recurrent infections.

Background: The health-related quality of life (HrQoL) can be substantially affected in patients with recurrent infection (rCDI) but the impact of effective treatment of the infection remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the HrQoL in patients with rCDI and estimate the gain in HrQoL associated with effective treatment of rCDI.

Methods: Patients' HrQoL was estimated based on EuroQol 5-Dimensions 3-Levels (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaires obtained from a Danish randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Patient-Reported Outcomes and Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living With Ileostomies: A Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The impact of a stoma on long-term health-related quality of life in people living with ileostomies is not clear.

Objective: This study aimed to describe important patient-reported outcomes and health-related quality of life in people with ileostomies.

Design: This is a population-based, cross-sectional study.

The use of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) in Europe: A Europe-wide survey.

Background: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging treatment modality, but its current clinical use and organisation are unknown. We aimed to describe the clinical use, conduct, and potential for FMT in Europe.

Methods: We invited all hospital-based FMT centres within the European Council member states to answer a web-based questionnaire covering their clinical activities, organisation, and regulation of FMT in 2019.

Systematic review with meta-analysis: encapsulated faecal microbiota transplantation - evidence for clinical efficacy.

Background: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective treatment of recurrent infection (rCDI) and is being applied experimentally in other diseases. Encapsulated administration may be equivalent in efficacy to delivery through other routes.

Methods: A systematic review was undertaken of studies using encapsulated FMT up to 26 October 2020.