Racial Disparities in the Surgical Treatment of Clinical Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Among Veterans.

Background: Prior studies in the civilian population have reported racial disparities in lung cancer outcomes following surgical treatment, including inferior quality of care and worse survival. It is unclear if racial disparities exist in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the largest integrated health care system in the United States.

Research Question: Do racial disparities affect early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) outcomes following surgical treatment within the VHA?

Study Design And Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in veterans with clinical stage I NSCLC undergoing surgical treatment in the VHA system.

Postural abnormalities in Asian and Caucasian Parkinson's disease patients: A multicenter study.

Introduction: Postural abnormalities (PA) are disabling features of Parkinson's disease (PD). Indirect analyses suggested a higher prevalence of PA among Asian patients compared to Caucasian ones, but no direct comparisons have been performed so far.

Methods: An international, multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed in 6 European and Asian movement disorders centers with the aim to clarify differences and similarities of prevalence and characteristics of PA in Asian vs.

Prevalence and real-world management of NSTEMI with multivessel disease.

Background: Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) has higher post-discharge mortality than ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Prognosis worsens in those with multivessel coronary disease (MVD). However, information about the prevalence and extent of MVD in NSTEMI is limited, in turn limiting insights into optimal treatment strategies.

Ethical reflection support for potential organ donors' relatives: A narrative review.

Background: Even in countries with an opt-out or presumed consent system, relatives have a considerable influence on the post-mortem organ harvesting decision. However, their reflection capacity may be compromised by grief, and they are, therefore, often prone to choose refusal as default option. Quite often, it results in late remorse and dissatisfaction.

PaOctβ2R: Identification and Functional Characterization of an Octopamine Receptor Activating Adenylyl Cyclase Activity in the American Cockroach .

Biogenic amines constitute an important group of neuroactive substances that control and modulate various neural circuits. These small organic compounds engage members of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily to evoke specific cellular responses. In addition to dopamine- and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptors, arthropods express receptors that are activated exclusively by tyramine and octopamine.

Mechanism mapping to advance research on implementation strategies.

Elvin Hsing Geng and colleagues discuss mechanism mapping and its utility in conceptualizing and understanding how implementation strategies produce desired effects.

A multi-stage machine learning model for diagnosis of esophageal manometry.

High-resolution manometry (HRM) is the primary procedure used to diagnose esophageal motility disorders. Its manual interpretation and classification, including evaluation of swallow-level outcomes and then derivation of a study-level diagnosis based on Chicago Classification (CC), may be limited by inter-rater variability and inaccuracy of an individual interpreter. We hypothesized that an automatic diagnosis platform using machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches could be developed to accurately identify esophageal motility diagnoses.

HPV vaccine awareness, knowledge and information sources among youth in Switzerland: a mixed methods study.

Objectives: We aimed to provide a detailed characterisation of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine awareness, knowledge and information sources in the HPV vaccine decision-making process of youth, both male and female, in Switzerland.

Design: With a mixed-method study design, we conducted quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews, which lasted 20-45 min.

Setting And Participants: We recruited participants, 15-26 years of age, in physicians' offices, in a local sexual health clinic, and during military enlistment.

Alterations of nitric oxide homeostasis as trigger of intestinal barrier dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Changes in intestinal nitric oxide metabolism are discussed to contribute for the development of intestinal barrier dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To induce steatosis, female C57BL/6J mice were pair-fed with a liquid control diet (C) or a fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet (FFC) for 8 weeks. Mice received the diets ± 2.

The Role of the Indigenous Patient Navigator: A Scoping Review.

Background: Healthcare systems are complex and as a result patients may experience fragmentation of services. Indigenous populations experience increasingly disproportionate health disparities compared to non-Indigenous populations. Patient navigation is known as a patient-centered approach to empower individuals to connect with appropriate services.

[Disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic: a challenge].

Disinfection measures have become more important as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. The increased need for disinfectants at the beginning of the pandemic required temporary legal regulations in order to provide a sufficient quantity of products for the necessary disinfection in the medical sector on the one hand and for the additional demand in the population on the other. For this purpose, the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) and the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA) issued a general ruling, which is explained in more detail in this article.

Simultaneous recording of multiple cellular signaling events by frequency- and spectrally-tuned multiplexing of fluorescent probes.

Fluorescent probes that change their spectral properties upon binding to small biomolecules, ions, or changes in the membrane potential (V) are invaluable tools to study cellular signaling pathways. Here, we introduce a novel technique for simultaneous recording of multiple probes at millisecond time resolution: (FAST). Different from present multiplexing approaches, FAST uses phase-sensitive signal detection, which renders various combinations of common probes for V and ions accessible for multiplexing.

Subclone-specific microenvironmental impact and drug response in refractory multiple myeloma revealed by single-cell transcriptomics.

Virtually all patients with multiple myeloma become unresponsive to treatment over time. Relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is accompanied by the clonal evolution of myeloma cells with heterogeneous genomic aberrations and profound changes of the bone marrow microenvironment (BME). However, the molecular mechanisms that drive drug resistance remain elusive.

Promoting Physical Activity in Rural Settings: Effectiveness and Potential Strategies.

Purpose: Implementing efficacious physical activity interventions in real-world rural settings is needed because rural cancer survivors are more physically inactive and experience poorer health. To address this gap, this study evaluated effectiveness of an evidenced-based physical activity program (Better Exercise Adherence after Treatment for Cancer [BEAT Cancer]) for rural women cancer survivors when implemented by community-based, non-research staff.

Methods: 16 rural women cancer survivors received BEAT Cancer implemented by a rural, community organization and non-research staff; physical activity, patient-reported outcomes, and social cognitive constructs were measured at baseline and post-program.

Never too little: Grip and lift forces following probabilistic weight cues in patients with writer's cramp.

Objective: Planning of voluntary object-related movements requires the estimation of the most probable object properties. We investigated how 14 writer's cramp (WC) patients compared to 14 controls use probabilistic weight cues in a serial grip-lift task.

Methods: In every grip-lift trial, an object of either light, medium or heavy weight had to be grasped and lifted after a visual cue gave a probabilistic prediction of the object weights (e.

Multiorganizational Partnerships: A Mechanism for Increasing the Employment of Internationally Educated Nurses.

Background: Internationally educated nurses (IENs) face multiple challenges in entering and integrating into the Canadian workforce. These challenges include getting to know the Canadian culture, nursing accountabilities, professional practice requirements and experience or qualifications deemed not equivalent to the Canadian standard. Hamilton Health Sciences' (HHS') IEN Integration Project has been funded by the Ontario and Canadian governments to support IENs in overcoming these challenges and contribute to the healthcare system.

Chemical Sulfide Tethering Improves Low-Temperature Li-S Battery Cycling.

Demands for energy storage and delivery continue to rise worldwide, making it imperative that reliable performance is achievable in diverse climates. Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries offer a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries owing to their substantially higher specific capacity and energy density. However, improvements to Li-S systems are still needed in low-temperature environments where polysulfide clustering and solubility limitations prohibit complete charge/discharge cycles.

Classifying Esophageal Motility by FLIP Panometry: A Study of 722 Subjects With Manometry.

Introduction: Functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) panometry can evaluate esophageal motility in response to sustained esophageal distension at the time of sedated endoscopy. This study aimed to describe a classification of esophageal motility using FLIP panometry and evaluate it against high-resolution manometry (HRM) and Chicago Classification v4.0 (CCv4.

Genetic Counseling and Testing in African American Patients With Breast Cancer: A Nationwide Survey of US Breast Oncologists.

Purpose: To determine if physicians' self-reported knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding genetic counseling and testing (GCT) vary by patients' race.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide 49-item survey among breast oncology physicians in the United States. We queried respondents about their own demographics, clinical characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers in providing GCT to patients with breast cancer.

Competing Reaction Pathways in Heterogeneously Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Allyl Cyanide: The Chemical Nature of Surface Species.

We present a mechanistic study on the formation of an active ligand layer over Pd(111), turning the catalytic surface highly active and selective in partial hydrogenation of an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde acrolein. Specifically, we investigate the chemical composition of a ligand layer consisting of allyl cyanide deposited on Pd(111) and its dynamic changes under the hydrogenation conditions. On pristine surface, allyl cyanide largely retains its chemical structure and forms a layer of molecular species with the CN bond oriented nearly parallel to the underlying metal.

Exploring contextual factors influencing the implementation of evidence-based care for hypertension in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study using the COACH questionnaire.

Importance: Hypertension is the largest contributor to the Global Burden of Disease. In Rwanda, as in most low-income and middle-income countries, an increasing prevalence of hypertension and its associated morbidity and mortality is causing major healthcare and economic impact. Understanding healthcare systems context in hypertension care is necessary.