Factors associated with equine shedding of multi-drug-resistant Salmonella enterica and its impact on health outcomes.

Background: Salmonella enterica is an important cause of healthcare-associated infections in veterinary hospitals - with outbreaks of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella among equine cases resulting in high case fatality rates and substantial financial cost.

Objectives: Study objectives were to 1) investigate factors associated with shedding of MDR-Salmonella enterica and 2) evaluate the effect shedding may have on health outcomes of previously hospitalised horses and their stablemates.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study with prospective cohort study.

Filiform polyposis of the colon in chronic inflammatory bowel disease (so-called giant inflammatory polyps).

On the basis of 3 of our own cases, we describe unusually intense forms of filiform polyposis and local giant polyposis as a consequence of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. The patients are: A 52-year-old woman who for 7 years has been known to have Crohn's disease (CD); a 55-year-old man who for 14 years has been known to have chronic inflammatory bowel disease, which was first thought to have been ulcerative colitis, but, as a result of the findings on the subtotal colectomy specimen, had to be classified as Crohn's disease or colitis indeterminate; and a 53-year-old woman known to have had ulcerative colitis for 37 years. From the literature on the subject, we drew up a chronological list of a total of 43 cases with similar or completely identical findings.

[Combined regional chemotherapy and radiotherapy of liver metastases].

In an attempt to treat patients with non-resectable liver metastases more effectively, hepatic arterial chemotherapy (12 g 5-FU in 3 weeks) was combined with simultaneous whole liver irradiation (8 Gy every week, total dose of 24 Gy). 54 of the 64 patients receiving this treatment had liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. The objective response rate, judged by CAT scan, was nearly 60%.

[The esophageal cyst--a rare congenital abnormality].

Esophageal cysts are among the embryonic malformations of the gastrointestinal tract. They develop from persisting diverticulum-like evaginations of the embryonic esophagus. The esophageal cyst is usually asymptomatic and is frequently diagnosed as an incidental finding.

[Reactive benign thymus hyperplasia following cytostatic chemotherapy].

A space-occupying mediastinal mass was discovered in a 16-year-old boy with metastasizing non-seminomatous testicular tumour six months after successful conclusion of cytostatic chemotherapy. Metastases at other sites were excluded. An enlarged thymus was the only finding at operation.

[Cumulative functional rates of orthoptic dialysis fistulas and interposition grafts].

The function of 221 dialysis shunts was investigated retrospectively in 111 patients of an outpatient haemodialysis centre. The mean age of the patients was 58 years. Of 221 recorded shunts, 171 were direct arteriovenous fistulas, while 50 were interposition grafts.

[Regeneration of the liver under the influence of E. coli endotoxin].

Studies were conducted into regeneration of rat liver exposed to the action of E. coli endotoxin, following two-third resection. No accelerated regeneration was found to take place in the wake of two-third hepatectomy and following postoperative intraperitoneal administration of E.

[Animal experiment studies of cryosurgical treatment of DS sarcomas and Morris hepatomas implanted in the liver].

Cryosurgical treatment was applied to solid liver tumours of rats with a view to studying the effects of freezing temperatures upon liver carcinoma. Such treatment was applied to twelve rats to which carcinomas, 0.5 cm to 3.

[Cryosurgery of the healthy rat liver].

Cryosurgical treatment was applied to normal liver tissue of 13 clinically intact rats, with a view to investigating effects of freezing temperatures upon normal liver tissue. The animals were sacrificed after different intervals from surgery, and their liver tissue was macroscopically and histologically examined. Major postoperative complications were not observed but for one animal which died of wound healing disorder.

[Esophagitis--hiatal hernia--indications and choice of procedure: fundoplication].

The fundoplication, described by Nissen in 1956, is still an excellent and the most frequently applied antireflux operation in cases of refluxesophagitis. Accurate preoperative evaluation and subtile operative technique are imperative, however. Typical postoperative syndromes will be discussed.

Aneurysm of the right ovarian vein--an unusual cause of pulmonary embolism.

This case reports a 23-year-old female who experienced a massive bilateral pulmonary embolism. The source of thrombi was found to be in a large saccular aneurysm of the right ovarian vein. The pulmonary emboli were treated by local infusion of streptokinase.

[Is there progress in the operative treatment of sigmoid diverticulitis].

A high percentage of people in the civilized Western world develops colonic diverticula. Signs of illness are coming from inflammation around the diverticula. Resection therapy is indicated after several inflammation episodes.

[Anastomosis healing in the irradiated colon. III. Microangiographic studies. An animal experiment study].

During an experimentation on animals, the vascularization of anastomoses in the recto-sigmoidal region was investigated by microangiographic examinations after an irradiation corresponding to the therapeutic proceeding in man. The anastomoses were performed with and without fibrin coating one day, four weeks, eight weeks and four months following to irradiation. The examinations were performed on the third, seventh, 14th, and 21th postoperative day.

[Anastomosis healing in the irradiated colon. II. Influence of irradiation on new formation of connective tissue. An animal experiment study].

With regard to the permanent increase of perioperative irradiations in case of colorectal tumors, the possible influence of irradiation on the healing of anastomoses has been investigated. 230 rats were submitted to an irradiation of the rectosigmoidal region corresponding to the therapeutic method employed in human patients (focal dose of 50 Gy, in fractions of 4 x 2 Gy per week, interval of three weeks without irradiation). Rectosigmoidal anastomoses were performed one day, four weeks, eight weeks, and four months after the irradiation.

[Roentgenologic contribution to the diagnosis of gallstone ileus].

Between 1969 and 1982 8 patients of ours were operated on for gallstone ileus. Signs found in the preoperative x-ray examination indicating this condition are analyzed retrospectively. The frequency and specificity of the x-ray signs found in the abdominal survey radiograph are compared with those reported in the literature.

[Study about the healing of anastomoses in the irradiated colon--experimentation on animals (author's transl)].

Operations on preirradiated intestinal segments are followed by a high rate of complication. In order to determine the period after which an anastomosis on the clinically/therapeutically irradiated colon involves the greatest risk, 230 rats were submitted to a fractionated X-ray stationary-field irradiation of the colon with 50 Gy. The colon was anastomosed one day, four weeks, eight weeks, and four months respectively after the irradiation.

[Primary tumors of the small intestine (author's transl)].

From 1969 to 1979, 19 patients were operated for tumors of the small intestine: 8 were benign and 11 malignant. Of the benign, mesenchymal tumors predominated, the malignant tumors were epithelial. The difficulty of diagnostic confirmation and its effect of the prognosis of the disease are discussed with reference to the literature.

[Indwelling venous catheters. Results of a clinical and experimental study].

Six venous indwelling cannulas were observed under constant frame conditions (low osmolar solutions, constant infusion solution, prospective randomized study). There is a close correlation between the complication rate in the vein and quality of the material and puncture. The best results were achieved with Teflon cannulas.

[Late radiation damage in the intestine. Clinical aspects, therapy and prognosis (author's transl)].

The causes, incidence, symptoms, treatment and prognosis of late radiation damage of the intestine are reported with reference to the literature. The possibilities of elimination are discussed. From 1969 to 1979, 48 of our own patients (34 women and 14 men) were operated for radiogenic late sequelae of the intestine.

[Benign tumors in the upper gastrointestinal tract (author's transl)].

Information is given on 113 cases of solitary or multiple benign tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The clinical symptoms and procedures of diagnosis of these rare tumors of esophagus, stomach, and small intestine are discussed. For therapy, surgical intervention is usually required because of malignant degeneration and complications like bleeding or perforation.