Five New Species of Pezizales from Northeastern China.

Species belonging to the Pezizales are mainly saprobes in nature. They are most commonly observed in woodlands and humid environments. As a result of recent research conducted on the distribution of species in sandy areas and some National Forests Parks, five new species belonging to three genera were identified.

Contributions to the () Group in China: Taxonomy, Species Diversity, and Molecular Phylogeny.

is the largest genus in the family , with approximately 1000 species worldwide. Basic data on the species diversity, geographic distribution, and the infrageneric framework of are still incomplete because of the intricate nature of this genus, which includes numerous unrecognized taxa that exist around the world. A multigene phylogeny of the group, initially designated as the " subgroup", was conducted using the ITS-28S- nucleotide datasets.

Biodiversity of Herbivores Triggers Species Differentiation of Coprophilous Fungi: A Case Study of Snow Inkcap ( sect. ).

Coprophilous species of sect. , commonly known as "snow inkcap", are widespread in pastoral areas; however, wide sampling approaches are needed to discover new taxa and to clarify the taxonomic status of the so-called "snow inkcap". Nationwide field work was conducted in China with a detailed record collected of the distribution and the animal origin of the dung.

Two new species of (Agaricales, Marasmiaceae) from China and Mongolia.

is an important genus in the Marasmiaceae family. We collected specimens during our investigations in China and Mongolia. Through morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses, we identified two new species of this genus: and .

Species clarification of fairy inkcap ("") in China.

and other morphologically similar species are widely dispersed worldwide and are commonly referred to as "fairy inkcap". Based on the molecular phylogenetic study and morphological observation, a thorough investigation was carried out utilising 74 collections of related species that were gathered from seventeen provinces and five Chinese fungaria between 1998 and 2023 and revealed 11 lineages of "fairy inkcap", nine of which were found in China, and which belonged to the two genera and . In sect.

Four New Species of Jelly Fungi from Northeastern China.

Four new species of jelly fungi were described from northeastern China based on morphological and molecular evidence. These new species were classified into the four genera (), (), (), and (). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses were performed using a combined nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and nuc 28S rDNA (nrLSU) dataset for the construction of phylogenetic trees.

Phylogenetic and taxonomic updates of , with an emphasis on .

The order was divided into eight suborders. However, the phylogenetic relationships among some suborders are largely unresolved, and the phylogenetic positions and delimitations of some taxa, such as and , remain unsettled. In this study, sequence data of 38 genomes were generated through genome skimming on an Illumina sequencing system.

Four new species of (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from northeastern China.

is a tiny lepiotaceous fungi. During our 3 years fieldwork, we found four new species of from northeastern China. A phylogenetic study of a combined dataset of ITS+nrLSU+rpb2+tef1-α revealed that and are sister clades; belongs to complex; formed a clade not closely related with any other; and sp.

Improved Understanding of the Macrofungal Diversity of Mongolia: Species Richness, Conservation Status, and An Annotated Checklist.

In this study, we updated and revised the checklist of macrofungi, along with the distribution of phytogeographical regions and the regional conservation status in Mongolia. The checklist comprises 677 macrofungal species belonging to 284 genera and 119 families in the country. Based on previous studies, 18 species are currently invasive to Mongolia.

(Mortierellomycota, Mortierellaceae), a new species from south-western karst areas of China.

Background: Kanouse (1936) is the only genus of Mortierellaceae known to produce macroscopic fruiting bodies in the form of small, whitish, round sporocarps. Specimens which belong to were collected during our field investigations in tropical karst areas of China. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, a new species is introduced.

Six New Species of (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Northeast China.

belongs to Agaricaceae and is one of the most well-known macrofungi, with many edible species. More than 300 specimens were collected during a three-year macrofungal resource field investigation in Northeast China. Based on morphological observations and multi-gene (ITS + nrLSU + ) phylogenetic analyses, six new species, i.

, a new species of sect. () from northeast China.

subasyae is described from northeast China as a new species with both morphological and molecular characteristics, which is morphologically characterized by its tricholomatoid basidiomata, orange white to beige red pileus, adnexed to sinuate lamellae and long clavate branched cheilocystidia within section . The phylogenetic tree based on internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (nrITS) sequences using Bayesian methods showed that new taxon was distinguished from other species of .

Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of the Family (, ).

Species of are common macrofungi with a worldwide distribution. Some of them are commercially consumed, while a few others are reported as poisonous. Two genera were accepted in the family: the epigeous Gyromitra with discoid, cerebriform to saddle-shaped ascomata and the hypogeous Hydnotrya with globose or tuberous ascomata.

Morphological and phylogenetic evidence reveal three new (, Basidiomycota) species from North China.

is characterized by gelatinous basidiomata with hydnoid hymenophores and longitudinally septate basidia. In this study, samples of the genus from North China were examined morphologically and phylogenetically using a dataset of the internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal RNA gene and the nuclear large subunit rDNA. This study describes three new species, namely , , and .

Seven New Species of the Genus (Geastrales, Geastraceae) in China.

belongs to Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Geastrales, and Geastraceae. The genus exoperidium normally splits at maturity into a characteristic star-like structure. It is a saprophytic fungus with great research significance.

Asproinocybaceae fam. nov. (Agaricales, Agaricomycetes) for Accommodating the Genera and and Description of and sp. nov.

and are not well known, and their placement at the family level remains undetermined. In this study, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and nuc 28S rDNA (nrLSU), and a dataset with six molecular markers (ITS, LSU, RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), 18S nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA (nrSSU), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α)) using Bayesian (BA) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods, we found that the species of and formed an independent family-level clade (0.98/72).

Two new rare species of with pale spores from China.

Most species of have brown or dark brown spores. Although pale-spored members are rare in the genus we frequently collected two such species from many Provinces during our investigations in subtropical China from 2016-2020. As revealed by morphological characterisation and multigene phylogenetic analyses (ITS LSU and -) these species which we have named and are unique and distinct from known taxa.

A new genus and four new species in the /Psathyrella s.l. clade from China.

Based on traditional morphological and phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, and ) of psathyrelloid specimens collected from China, four new species are here described: , , , and . forms a distinct lineage and groups together with , , and in the /Psathyrella s.l.

DNA Barcoding Mushroom Spawn Using EF-1α Barcodes: A Case Study in Oyster Mushrooms ().

Oyster mushrooms (genus ) are widespread and comprise the most commonly cultivated edible mushrooms in the world. Species identification of oyster mushroom spawn based on cultural, morphological, and cultivated characteristics is time consuming and can be extraordinarily difficult, which has impeded mushroom breeding and caused economic loss for mushroom growers. To explore a precise and concise approach for species identification, the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 28S rDNA, and the widely used protein-coding marker translation elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) gene were evaluated as candidate DNA barcode markers to investigate their feasibility in identifying 13 oyster mushroom species.

Grassland fairy rings of Leucocalocybe mongolica represent the center of a rich soil microbial community.

Background: The ecological phenomenon of fungal fairy rings is usually found in grasslands and caused by the growth of specific fairy ring fungi in soil. The fairy rings are classified into three zones (DARK, DEAD, and OUT), and they have the potential to increase crop yield. Among these fairy rings, distinct characteristics of type I fairy rings can be seen in the rings formed by Leucocalocybe mongolica (LM).

Investigation of the possible mechanism of polysaccharides extracted from Leucocalocybe mongolica in exerting antitumor effects in H22 tumor-bearing mice.

A response surface method was used to optimize the extraction of polysaccharides from Leucocalocybe mongolica. Moreover, the preliminary structural characteristics and antitumor activity of L. mongolica polysaccharide (LMP) were investigated.

Analyses of transcriptomes and the first complete genome of Leucocalocybe mongolica provide new insights into phylogenetic relationships and conservation.

In this study, we report a de novo assembly of the first high-quality genome for a wild mushroom species Leucocalocybe mongolica (LM). We performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing to analyze the genetic basis for the life history of LM. Our results show that the genome size of LM is 46.

Investigation of the possible mechanism of two kinds of sterols extracted from Leucocalocybe mongolica in inducing HepG2 cell apoptosis and exerting anti-tumor effects in H22 tumor-bearing mice.

Unlabelled: Sterols are one of the main components of medicinal fungi with an anti-tumor effect. In this study, ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one (ET) and (22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (ED) were obtained from Leucocalocybe mongolica and were used for the first time to study their ability to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells and their anti-tumor effects and related mechanism in H22 tumor-bearing mice.

Method: The chemical structures were defined by IR and NMR.

GC-MS Analysis and Cytotoxicity Detection of Volatile Oil from the Fragrant Bracket Mushroom, Trametes suaveolens (Agaricomycetes).

Trametes suaveolens is a medicinal mushroom known as Baizhi in traditional Chinese medicine. Our previous research has found that it has some pharmacological activity in vivo. The aim of the study was to investigate the chemical compounds and cytotoxic effects of volatile oil from T.