Investigation of Zur-regulated metal transport systems reveals an unexpected role of pyochelin in zinc homeostasis.

Unlabelled: Limiting the availability of transition metals at infection sites serves as a critical defense mechanism employed by the innate immune system to combat microbial infections. exhibits a remarkable ability to thrive in zinc-deficient environments, facilitated by intricate cellular responses governed by numerous genes regulated by the zinc-responsive transcription factor Zur. Many of these genes have unknown functions, including those within the predicted and operons.

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia: to treat or not a threat? A clinical and evidence-based approach to the management of hyperuricemia in the context of cardiovascular diseases.

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is defined by serum uric acid levels above 6.2 mg/dl in women and 7 mg/dl in men. In the presence of monosodium urate crystal formation and articular inflammation, hyperuricemia may become symptomatic (namely nephrolithiasis and gout).

Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Incident Cancer.

Background: It has been postulated that cancer hampers the delivery of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure (HF). However, few data are available in this regard.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis from the HF Outpatient Clinic of the IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino in Genova, Italy.

Persistent increase of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in COVID-19 patients: a 3-year population-based analysis.

Aims: We evaluated the incidence and relative risk of major post-acute cardiovascular consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large real-world population from a primary care database in a region at moderate cardiovascular risk followed up in the period 2020-22.

Methods And Results: This is a retrospective cohort analysis using data from a cooperative of general practitioners in Italy. Individuals aged >18 affected by COVID-19 starting from January 2020 have been followed up for 3 years.

Association between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Another Brick in the Wall.

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly changed the field of oncology, emerging as first-line treatment, either alone or in combination with other regimens, for numerous malignancies, improving overall survival and progression-free survival in these patients. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors might also cause severe or fatal immune-related adverse events, including adverse cardiovascular events. Initially, myocarditis was recognized as the main immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiac event, but our knowledge of other potential immune-related cardiovascular adverse events continues to broaden.

A Mobile App-based Approach in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Cardiovascular risk factors are prevalent in the Italian population, and cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of mortality in the Western world. As the incidence of risk factors and cardiovascular diseases increases with age, effective and early prevention and management strategies are crucial. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of using the Heartaway® mobile application as an additional intervention to standard clinical care for patients with hypertension.

A contemporary update on cancer and takotsubo syndrome.

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is characterized by a transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction, burdened by significant acute and long-term mortality and morbidity. The prognosis of TTS, especially in the long-term, is influenced by both non-cardiovascular (non-CV) and CV comorbidities, among which cancer is one of the most common. The presence of a malignancy is proven to be associated with higher mortality in TTS.

Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Cardiac Amyloidosis: From Clinical Management to Catheter Ablation Indication.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in patients affected by cardiomyopathies. Reports estimate a prevalence of 27% in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 40% in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA). The presence of AF typically results in progressive functional decline, an increased frequency of hospitalizations for heart failure, and a higher thromboembolic risk.

Deciphering the Broad Antimicrobial Activity of Tea Tree Oil by Combining Experimental and Computational Investigations.

Tea Tree Oil (TTO) is an essential oil obtained from the distillation of leaves and branches. Due to its beneficial properties, TTO is widely used as an active ingredient in antimicrobial preparations for topical use or in cosmetic products and contains about 100 different compounds, with terpinen-4-ol, γ-terpinene and 1,8-cineole (or eucalyptol) being the molecules most responsible for its biological activities. In this work, the antimicrobial activity of whole TTO and these three major components was evaluated in vitro against fungi, bacteria and viruses.

SARS-CoV-2 Related Myocarditis: What We Know So Far.

A minority of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) develop cardiovascular complications, such as acute cardiac lesions with elevated troponins, de novo systolic heart failure, pericardial effusion and, rarely, acute myocarditis. The prevalence of COVID-19-related myocarditis ranges from 10 to 105 cases per 100,000 COVID-19-infected individuals, with a male predominance (58%) and a median age of 50 years. The etiopathogenetic mechanism is currently unclear, but may involve direct virus-mediated damage or an exaggerated immune response to the virus.

Low Perception of Obesity as a Pathological Condition Among Italian Cardiologists.

Introduction: Obesity is not only an important modifiable cardiovascular risk factor but also a chronic disease with relevant consequences on morbidity and mortality in the general population. According to European guidelines, cardiologists must recognize and treat it properly.

Aims: To assess perception of obesity as a modifiable pathological condition and the importance to treat it in a real-world sample of cardiologists and residents in cardiology.

Cardiovascular risk and the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective observational study in a population of healthcare professionals.

Background And Aim: To contain the spread of COVID-19, many countries imposed several restrictive measures, leading to radical changes in daily life behaviors. Healthcare workers experienced additional stress due to the increased risk of contagion, possibly causing an increase in unhealthy habits. We investigated changes in cardiovascular (CV) risk assessed by the SCORE-2 in a healthy population of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic; an analysis by subgroups was also conducted (sportspeople vs sedentary subjects).

Anthracyclines-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction: What Every Clinician Should Know.

Chemotherapies have changed the prognosis of patients affected by cancer over the last 20 years, with a significant increase in survival rates. However, they can cause serious adverse effects that may limit their use. In particular, anthracyclines, widely used to treat both hematologic cancers and solid cancers, may cause cardiac toxicity, leading to the development of heart failure in some cases.

Nasal administration of recombinant secreting IL-15/IL-15Rα inhibits metastatic melanoma development in lung.

Background: Metastases are the leading cause of mortality in many cancer types and lungs are one of the most common sites of metastasis alongside the liver, brain, and bones. In melanoma, 85% of late-stage patients harbor lung metastases. A local administration could enhance the targeting of metastases while limiting the systemic cytotoxicity.

TRAP1 S-nitrosylation as a model of population-shift mechanism to study the effects of nitric oxide on redox-sensitive oncoproteins.

S-nitrosylation is a post-translational modification in which nitric oxide (NO) binds to the thiol group of cysteine, generating an S-nitrosothiol (SNO) adduct. S-nitrosylation has different physiological roles, and its alteration has also been linked to a growing list of pathologies, including cancer. SNO can affect the function and stability of different proteins, such as the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1.

Role of Arterial Hypertension and Hypertension-Mediated Organ Damage in Cardiotoxicity of Anticancer Therapies.

Purpose Of The Review: Arterial hypertension (AH) is the most common cardiovascular (CV) risk factor in the community and in oncologic patients. It also represents the most important CV condition predisposing to anticancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity. This risk is heightened in the presence of cardiac AH-mediated organ damage (HMOD).

Localized Infections with Strains Defective in Zinc Uptake Reveal That Zebrafish Embryos Recapitulate Nutritional Immunity Responses of Higher Eukaryotes.

The innate immune responses of mammals to microbial infections include strategies based on manipulating the local concentration of metals such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), commonly described as nutritional immunity. To evaluate whether these strategies are also present in zebrafish embryos, we have conducted a series of heart cavity-localized infection experiments with strains characterized by a different ability to acquire Zn. We have found that, 48 h after infection, the bacterial strains lacking critical components of the Zn importers ZnuABC and ZrmABCD have a reduced colonization capacity compared to the wild-type strain.

Exploring the influence of takotsubo syndrome on oncologic patients' mortality.

It has been reported that patients affected by takotsubo syndrome (TTS) with a concurrent diagnosis of cancer suffer from greater mortality as compared to their non-cancer counterpart. It remains unclear whether TTS worsens the prognosis of cancer patients as well. Aim of this study was to compare outcomes of cancer patients with and without TTS.

Impairment of the Zn/Cd detoxification systems affects the ability of to colonize .

capacity to colonize different environments depends on its ability to respond efficiently to fluctuations in micronutrient availability. Among micronutrients, Zn, besides playing an essential role in bacterial physiology, is a key element whose concentration can influence bacterial survival in a particular niche. Plant colonization by was described for several years, and some molecular determinants involved in this host-pathogen interaction have started to be characterized.

Zinc-binding metallophores protect Pseudomonas aeruginosa from calprotectin-mediated metal starvation.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to exhibit considerable resistance to the antimicrobial activity of the metal-sequestering protein calprotectin (CP). In this study, we demonstrate that although CP induces zinc deficiency in P. aeruginosa, a strain unable to import zinc through the two most important metal acquisition systems, namely ZnuABC and ZrmABCD, maintains significant growth capacity in the presence of high concentrations of CP.