Do continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics predict macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetes? The FACULTY protocol of a retrospective real-world cohort study.

Introduction: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is currently the gold standard for assessing glycaemic control in diabetes, given the established relationship with microvascular and macrovascular complications in this condition. However, HbA1c is affected by non-glycaemic factors, while also failing to provide data on hypoglycaemic exposure and glucose variability, which are associated with adverse vascular outcomes. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived glucose metrics provide a more comprehensive assessment of glycaemia, but their role in predicting future vascular complications remains unclear.

The Virtual DCCT: Adding Continuous Glucose Monitoring to a Landmark Clinical Trial for Prediction of Microvascular Complications.

Using a multistep machine-learning procedure, add virtual continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) traces to the original sparse data of the landmark Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). Assess the association of CGM metrics with the microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes observed during the DCCT and establish time-in-range (TIR) as a viable marker of glycemic control. Utilizing the DCCT glycated hemoglobin data obtained every 1 or 3 months plus quarterly 7-point blood glucose (BG) profiles in a multistep procedure: (i) utilized archival BG traces to model interday BG variability and estimate glycated hemoglobin; (ii) trained across the DCCT BG profiles and associated each profile with an archival BG trace; and (iii) used previously identified CGM "motifs" to associate a CGM trace to a BG trace, for each DCCT participant.

VIPAS39 related arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis syndrome-case report and systematic review.

Background: Arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis (ARC) syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, exhibits genetic heterogeneity with the VIPAS39 gene pathological variants being a distinct contributor.

Results: We present two related patients from Kosovo, describing the clinical, genetic, and therapeutic aspects of the syndrome. The identified novel VIPAS39 pathological variants (c.

Towards standardization of person-reported outcomes (PROs) in pediatric diabetes research: A consensus report.

Background: Diabetes ranks among the most common chronic conditions in childhood and adolescence. It is unique among chronic conditions, in that clinical outcomes are intimately tied to how the child or adolescent living with diabetes and their parents or carers react to and implement good clinical practice guidance. It is widely recognized that the individual's perspective about the impact of trying to manage the disease together with the burden of self-management should be addressed to achieve optimal health outcomes.

The Use of Automated Insulin Delivery around Physical Activity and Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes: A Position Statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA) are cornerstones of diabetes care for individuals with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, the availability of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has improved the ability of people with type 1 diabetes to achieve the recommended glucose target ranges. PA provides additional health benefits but can cause glucose fluctuations, which challenges current AID systems.

The use of automated insulin delivery around physical activity and exercise in type 1 diabetes: a position statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA) are cornerstones of diabetes care for individuals with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, the availability of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has improved the ability of people with type 1 diabetes to achieve the recommended glucose target ranges. PA provide additional health benefits but can cause glucose fluctuations, which challenges current AID systems.

Prevalence, genetic variants, and clinical implications of hypocholesterolemia in children.

Background And Aims: In contrast to extensively studied hypercholesterolemia, knowledge of hypocholesterolemia is limited. This study aims to assess the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and genetics of children and adolescents with hypocholesterolemia.

Methods: This national prospective cross-sectional cohort study was part of Slovenia's universal opt-out cholesterol screening program.

Integrating Genetic Insights, Technological Advancements, Screening, and Personalized Pharmacological Interventions in Childhood Obesity.

Childhood obesity is a significant global health challenge with rising prevalence over the past 50 years, affecting both immediate and long-term health outcomes. The increase in prevalence from 0.7% to 5.

Clinical perspective on innovative insulin delivery technologies in diabetes management.

Introduction: The primary objective of this study is to report the results of an online questionnaire and the in-person discussion sessions of physicians specializing in diabetes care in which their opinions about current diabetes management was obtained.

Methods: The Diabetes Innovation Summit 2023 drew attendance from a diverse group of specialized physicians from multiple countries. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine the technologies and medical needs associated with diabetes management.

Consensus Guidance for Monitoring Individuals With Islet Autoantibody-Positive Pre-Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes.

Given the proven benefits of screening to reduce diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) likelihood at the time of stage 3 type 1 diabetes diagnosis, and emerging availability of therapy to delay disease progression, type 1 diabetes screening programs are being increasingly emphasized. Once broadly implemented, screening initiatives will identify significant numbers of islet autoantibody-positive (IAb+) children and adults who are at risk for (confirmed single IAb+) or living with (multiple IAb+) early-stage (stage 1 and stage 2) type 1 diabetes. These individuals will need monitoring for disease progression; much of this care will happen in nonspecialized settings.

Consensus guidance for monitoring individuals with islet autoantibody-positive pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes.

Given the proven benefits of screening to reduce diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) likelihood at the time of stage 3 type 1 diabetes diagnosis, and emerging availability of therapy to delay disease progression, type 1 diabetes screening programmes are being increasingly emphasised. Once broadly implemented, screening initiatives will identify significant numbers of islet autoantibody-positive (IAb) children and adults who are at risk of (confirmed single IAb) or living with (multiple IAb) early-stage (stage 1 and stage 2) type 1 diabetes. These individuals will need monitoring for disease progression; much of this care will happen in non-specialised settings.

Comment on Jakše et al. Vegan Diets for Children: A Narrative Review of Position Papers Published by Relevant Associations. 2023, , 4715.

We have read the recent narrative review article by Jakše et al [...

Expert Panel Recommendations for a Standardized Ambulatory Glucose Profile Report for Connected Insulin Pens.

: Connected insulin pens capture data on insulin dosing/timing and can integrate with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices with essential insulin and glucose metrics combined into a single platform. Standardization of connected insulin pen reports is desirable to enhance clinical utility with a single report. : An international expert panel was convened to develop a standardized connected insulin pen report incorporating insulin and glucose metrics into a single report containing clinically useful information.

Towards the standardisation of adult person-reported outcome domains in diabetes research: A Consensus Statement development panel.

Diabetes is unique among chronic diseases because clinical outcomes are intimately tied to how the person living with diabetes reacts to and implements treatment recommendations. It is further characterised by widespread social stigma, judgement and paternalism. This physical, social and psychological burden collectively influences self-management behaviours.

Effect of antioxidant-rich kindergarten meals on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy 5-6-year-old children: a randomized controlled trial.

As children spend up to 9 h a day in kindergarten, the main purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of antioxidant-rich kindergarten meals on oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs) in healthy children. In the randomized control trial with a follow-up, healthy 5-6-year-old children from six kindergartens were randomly divided into a prototype group (PG, n = 40) and a control group (CG, n = 17). PG followed a 2-week antioxidant-rich kindergarten meal plan (breakfast, lunch, and two snacks), and CG followed their standard kindergarten meal plans.

Disparities in prevalence and treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases - Recommendations from the taskforce of the guideline workshop.

There is a mounting clinical, psychosocial, and socioeconomic burden worldwide as the prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to rise. Despite the introduction of therapeutic interventions with demonstrated efficacy to prevent the development or progression of these common chronic diseases, many individuals have limited access to these innovations due to their race/ethnicity, and/or socioeconomic status (SES). However, practical guidance to providers and healthcare systems for addressing these disparities is often lacking.

Continuous glucose monitoring for the routine care of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Although continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices are now considered the standard of care for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the uptake among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been slower and is focused on those receiving intensive insulin therapy. However, increasing evidence now supports the inclusion of CGM in the routine care of people with T2DM who are on basal insulin-only regimens or are managed with other medications. Expanding CGM to these groups could minimize hypoglycaemia while allowing efficient adaptation and escalation of therapies.

The INNODIA Type 1 Diabetes Natural History Study: a European cohort of newly diagnosed children, adolescents and adults.

Aims/hypothesis: Type 1 diabetes is an heterogenous condition. Characterising factors explaining differences in an individual's clinical course and treatment response will have important clinical and research implications. Our aim was to explore type 1 diabetes heterogeneity, as assessed by clinical characteristics, autoantibodies, beta cell function and glycaemic outcomes, during the first 12 months from diagnosis, and how it relates to age at diagnosis.