Prevalence of Mutations in Patients With Resected Stage I to III Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of India Cohort.

Purpose: The spectrum of is inadequately researched in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in India. EARLY-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) India (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04742192), as part of a noninterventional, real-world global study, evaluated the prevalence of mutations in early-stage NSCLC in India.

Uniqueness of lung cancer in Southeast Asia.

Lung cancer varies between Caucasians and Asians. There have been differences recorded in the epidemiology, genomics, standard therapies and outcomes, with variations according to the geography and ethnicity which affect the decision for optimal treatment of the patients. To better understand the profile of lung cancer in Southeast Asia, with a focus on India, we have comprehensively reviewed the available data, and discuss the challenges and the way forward.

: A Novel ROS1 Oncogenic Fusion Detected on Next Generation Sequencing.

Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) patients with gene rearrangement have shown significant therapeutic responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, with approximately 40 fusion partners documented in the existing literature. Our report highlights a novel fusion partner of that has demonstrated a conclusive response to the current standard of treatment.

Landscape of Clinically Relevant Genomic Alterations in the Indian Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Background: The genomic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Indian patients remains underexplored. We revealed distinctive genomic alterations of Indian NSCLC patients, thereby providing vital molecular insights for implementation of precision therapies.

Methods: We analyzed the genomic profiles of 325 lung adenocarcinoma and 81 lung squamous carcinoma samples from Indian patients using targeted sequencing of 50 cancer related genes.

Prevalence of EGFR Mutations in Patients With Resected Stages I to III NSCLC: Results From the EARLY-EGFR Study.

Introduction: There is limited literature on the prevalence of EGFR mutations in early stage NSCLC. EARLY-EGFR (NCT04742192), a cross-sectional study, determined the prevalence of EGFR mutations in early stage NSCLC.

Methods: This noninterventional, real-world study enrolled consecutive patients with resected stages IA to IIIB (American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition) NSCLC from 14 countries across Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa.

Cancer Trials Ecosystem in India-Ready for Prime Time?

Executing global clinical trials for cancer is a long, expensive, and complex undertaking. While selecting countries global studies, sponsors must consider several aspects including patient pool, quality of trained investigators, competing trials, availability of infrastructure, and financial investment versus returns. With a large, often treatment-naïve, and diverse patient pool, relatively low cost, good quality health care facilities in urban areas, and a robust and well-trained workforce, India offers several advantages for conducting oncology clinical trials.

AI-based pipeline for early screening of lung cancer: integrating radiology, clinical, and genomics data.

Background: The prognosis of lung carcinoma has changed since the discovery of molecular targets and their specific drugs. Somatic Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor () mutations have been reported in lung carcinoma, and these mutant proteins act as substrates for targeted therapies. However, in a resource-constrained country like India, panel-based next-generation sequencing cannot be made available to the population at large.

COVID-19 and Cancer: A Comparison of the Two Important Pandemic Waves in an Indian Cancer Patients' Cohort.

Ullas BatraIt is well known that patients with cancer are at an increased risk of severe COVID-19. There are no reports that depict the differences in outcomes in cancer patients between the two waves of the pandemic. This is a real-world experience aimed at characterizing the differences in demographics, clinical features, treatment details, and outcomes in COVID-19-positive cancer patients between the two pandemic waves.

Accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) in the staging of lung cancer - A comparison of staging EBUS with postoperative pathological nodal staging.

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has replaced mediastinoscopy as the preferred investigation for evaluating mediastinum in staging lung cancer. There is little evidence of mediastinal staging by EBUS-TBNA from India.

Objectives: To study endobronchial ultrasound's diagnostic accuracy in staging lung cancer.

A novel EML4-NTRK3 fusion in lung adenocarcinoma with dramatic response to entrectinib.

In-frame fusions in NTRK genes, with intact kinase domain, have been reported to occur at higher frequencies in rare tumors like infantile fibrosarcoma, congenital mesoblastic nephroma, and secretory carcinoma, whereas they occur at very low frequencies in common malignancies like NSCLC and colon cancers (0.1%-1%). Despite the rare occurrence, these alterations have gained importance owing to approval of drugs like entrectinib and larotrectinib targeting the kinase domain of the gene.

Comparison of RECIST and iRECIST criteria in patients with advanced lung cancer treated with nivolumab.

Background: Systemic therapy in lung cancer is mainstay of treatment as most patients present in advanced stages, with rising importance of new immunotherapy agents.

Purpose: To compare the RECIST 1.1 and the immunotherapy Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (iRECISTs) criteria for response assessment in lung cancer patients on immunotherapy.

Impact of improving infection control and antibiotic stewardship practices on nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance in an oncology centre from India.

Background: Improving basic infection control (IC) practices, diagnostics and anti-microbial stewardship (AMS) are key tools to handle antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study done over 6 years (2016-2021) in an oncology centre in North India with many on-going interventions to improve IC practices, diagnostics and AMS. This study looked into AMR patterns from clinical isolates, rates of hospital acquired infections (HAI) and clinical outcomes.

Primary pulmonary NUT midline carcinoma: An elusive and a rare diagnostic entity.

Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) midline carcinoma is a poorly differentiated tumor, is more common in midline anatomic sites, and involves young adults and children mainly. Primary pulmonary NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare and poorly defined entity in the prevailing literature. Being a highly aggressive and fatal neoplasm, it gets incumbent for the oncologists and the pathologists to be aware of this entity as it holds distinct management protocol and prognosis.

Differential clinicopathological features, treatments and outcomes in patients with Exon 19 deletion and Exon 21 L858R EGFR mutation-positive adenocarcinoma non-small-cell lung cancer.

The most common oncogenic driver in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the epidermal growth factor receptor () gene mutations that occur more frequently among Asians (30%-50%) as opposed to Caucasians (10%-15%). Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in India, with a reported adenocarcinoma positivity ranging between 26.1% and 86.

Clinical management of stage III non-small cell lung cancer in India: An expert consensus statement.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered the most common type of lung cancer (>80% of all lung cancers); patients are often diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease. The management of NSCLC is considered challenging owing to variations in size, an extension of the tumors, involvement patterns, and classification. Although adequate literature and guidelines are available on the management of NSCLC in several countries, an Indian perspective on stage III NSCLC management is lacking.

Tri-modality therapy in advanced esophageal carcinoma: long-term results and insights from a developing world, institutional cohort.

Objective: To evaluate treatment outcomes in patients from a low-middle income country (LMIC) with esophageal carcinoma who underwent esophagectomy after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT/S).

Methods: Between 2010 and 2020, 254 patients (median follow-up: 53 months) met our inclusion criteria. Out-of-field nodal regions were determined by reviewing individual radiotherapy plans.

Expert Consensus Recommendations on Biomarker Testing in Metastatic and Nonmetastatic NSCLC in Asia.

Introduction: Most published guidelines for genomic biomarker testing in NSCLC reflect the disease epidemiology and treatments readily available in Europe and North America. Nevertheless, 60% of annual global NSCLC cases occur in Asia, where patient characteristics, tumor molecular profiles, and treatments vary greatly from the Western world. For example, mutations in the EGFR occur at a higher prevalence in Asia than in other world regions.

Analysis of Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity and abdominal wall. This is the retrospective analysis of patients from a prospectively maintained data base from a single institute. We identified 79 patients with intermediate- to high-grade soft tissue sarcomas who were treated at our institute between Jan 2015 and July 2018.

KRAS mutated Non-Small Lung Carcinoma: A Real World Context from the Indian subcontinent.

Background: KRAS, although a common variant of occurrence (~20% of non-small-cell lung carcinoma [NSCLC]) has been untargetable, owing to the molecular structure which inherently prevents drug binding. KRAS mutations in NSCLC are associated with distinct clinical profiles including smokers and mucinous histology. KRAS G12C mutations account for ~40% KRAS altered NSCLC, but NSCLC being a geographically diverse disease, the features may be distinct in this part of the world.

Ramucirumab in Indian Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer-Does Borderline Performance Status and Heavy Burden of Disease in Real World Practice Impact Clinical Benefit?

Vikas Ostwal  Ramucirumab is considered a standard of care as second-line therapy (CT2) in advanced gastric cancers (AGCs). The aim of this study was to assess practice patterns and outcomes with ramucirumab among Indian patients with AGCs.  A computerized clinical data entry form was formulated by the coordinating center's (Tata Memorial Hospital) medical oncologists and disseminated through personal contacts at academic conferences as well as via email for anonymized patient data entry.

Immunotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on chemotherapy: real-world results from a prospective institutional cohort.

To analyze the outcomes of patients receiving immunotherapy (IO) with advanced non-driver mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on systemic treatment. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and best response to IO of 64 patients who met our inclusion criteria were analyzed. Median follow-up, OS and PFS were 35.

Analysis of Spatial Heterogeneity of Responses in Metastatic Sites in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Nivolumab.

The purpose was to determine whether tumor response to CPI varies by organ and to characterize response patterns in a group of surgically treated metastatic RCC patients treated with Nivolumab. : A retrospective analysis was undertaken between January 2016 and March 2020 on patients receiving Nivolumab for metastatic RCC, following first-line therapy and having at least one baseline and two follow-up scans. A Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables, and a Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare continuous variables.

All EGFR mutations are (not) created equal: focus on uncommon EGFR mutations.

Purpose: Most common EGFR mutations in NSCLC include del19 and exon 21 L858R. Approximately 10% of patients have uncommon EGFR mutations (indels, missense mutations involving G719, L861 and S768 codons, and exon 20 insertions) that do not respond to TKIs.

Methods: Of 490 EGFR mutated NSCLC samples, 60 cases harboring uncommon/compound EGFR mutations were reviewed retrospectively, and 44 were included for survival analysis.