Silicon Effects Depend upon Insect Herbivore Guild and Has Limited Influence on Gall-Inducing Insects of .

Silicon (Si) is a widely recognized element in plant defense, often enhancing resistance to herbivory by strengthening cell walls and deterring feeding by external herbivores. However, its impact on internal, endophytic herbivores, such as gall-inducing insects, remains underexplored. This study investigates the role of silicon in , focusing on its effects on herbivory by insects.

The Influence of Mat Pilates Training on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women with Single or Multiple Cardiometabolic Diseases.

This study compared the effects of Mat Pilates training on cardiovascular risk markers in postmenopausal women with single or multiple cardiometabolic conditions. Forty-four women were divided into single-condition (SINGLE; = 20) and multiple-condition (MULTI; = 24) groups. Both groups completed Mat Pilates three times per week for 12 weeks.

Emerging diseases in poultry: The role of Apolonia tigipioensis Torres and Braga, 1938 (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) in avian parasitism, including the first record of parasitism in the greater rhea, Rhea americana (L., 1758) (Struthioniformes: Rheidae).

The larval chigger mite Apolonia tigipioensis Torres and Braga is an obligatory hypodermic parasite found in South America. Its parasitism can significantly affect the host's health, leading to nodular lesions that consequently result in the host's death. This species has been identified in Venezuela and northeastern Brazil (Pernambuco State), primarily infesting birds, but it can affect mammals, including humans.

A biomarkers study of human skin fibroblasts exposition to glyphosate-based herbicide using an untargeted and targeted metabolomics approach.

Metabolomics is a valuable tool to assess glyphosate exposure and its potential impact on human health. However, few studies have used metabolomics to evaluate human exposure to glyphosate or glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs). In this study, an untargeted and targeted metabolomics approach was applied to human skin fibroblasts exposed to the GBH Roundup (GLYP-R).

An exploratory study of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in PM atmospheric particles from an outdoor environment in Brazil.

The development of methods for determining volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in public spaces has become necessary to identify potential health and environmental risks. This study presents a practical methodology for sampling, extracting, detecting, and identifying these compounds in a vehicular traffic region in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The methodology uses direct-immersion solid phase microextraction (DI-SPME) and static headspace (SHS) to extract SVOCs/VOCs.

Homologous acetylenic acetogenins from Porcelia macrocarpa R.E. (Fries) displayed potent activity against amastigotes from Trypanosoma cruzi.

As part of our continuous study on the Annonaceae species Porcelia macrocarpa, in the present work, eight chemically related 2-alkyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-γ-lactones (1-8) were isolated. Their structures were characterised by NMR, MS, and VCD. Their antitrypanosomal activity was evaluated in vitro against intracellular amastigotes with EC values ranged from 13.

Assessing the basis for regulatory crediting of virus LRVs for secondary biological wastewater treatment: A systematic review.

Regulatory frameworks for potable reuse often include stringent log reduction value (LRV) targets to ensure public health protection against exposure to viruses and protozoa. To achieve overall LRV targets and reduce associated capital and operational costs, it is important to maximize LRV credits awarded to each unit process in a potable reuse treatment train. This may include processes that are historically uncredited or undercredited, such as secondary biological wastewater treatment incorporating activated sludge and secondary clarification.

Quantitative Systems Pharmacology-Based Digital Twins Approach Supplements Clinical Trial Data for Enzyme Replacement Therapies in Pompe Disease.

Pompe disease is a rare, progressive neuromuscular disease caused by deficient lysosomal glycogen degradation, and includes both late-onset (LOPD) and severe infantile-onset (IOPD) phenotypes. Due to very small patient numbers in IOPD and the high phenotypic heterogeneity observed in this population, a quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP)-based "digital twin" approach was developed to perform an in silico comparison of the efficacy of avalglucosidase alfa vs. the standard of care, in a virtual population of IOPD patients.

Purification and characterization of a protease produced by submerged fermentation: Ultrasound-enhanced collagenolytic protease from Streptomyces parvulus.

Proteases are a large group of enzymes in high demand due to their wide and different biotechnological applications mainly in the biomedical field. Ultrasound (US) has been used successfully in several Bioprocesses in biotechnology, such as in the upregulation of enzymatic hydrolysis (biocatalysis). The objective of this work was to purify an enzyme from Streptomyces parvulus and to characterize it through physic-chemical applications including ultrasound effect.

Resolution and Absolute Configuration of Fargesin Enantiomers.

Fargesin is an important bioactive furofuran lignan isolated from different plant species. Despite presenting potent biological activities, its stereochemical characterization has relied mostly on empirical correlations of optical rotation, an approach considered risky that commonly leads to misassignments and error propagation. Additionally, the enantiomeric purity of fargesin isolates used for biological assays has not been previously investigated.

Widespread occurrence of fecal indicator bacteria in oligotrophic tropical streams. Are common culture-based coliform tests appropriate?

Monitoring of stream water quality is a key element of water resource management worldwide, but methods that are commonly used in temperate habitats may not be appropriate in humid tropical systems. We assessed the influence of four land uses on microbial water quality in 21 streams in the Panama Canal Watershed over a one-year period, using a common culture-based fecal indicator test and 16S rDNA metabarcoding. Each stream was located within one of four land uses: mature forest, secondary forest, silvopasture, and traditional cattle pasture.

Stereochemistry of natural products from vibrational circular dichroism.

Secondary metabolites from land and marine (micro)organisms have been at the focus of the drug discovery process for many years. One of the reasons for this success is nature's incredible ability to create intricate molecular scaffolds. Such structural richness, however, makes the structural elucidation, and the absolute configuration assignment in particular, a challenging process.

Estimation of predation rate and handling time of boll weevil larvae by Marava arachidis (Dermaptera: Labiidae) using different mathematical methods.

Anthonomus grandis grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a pest with a large potential for destruction in cotton crops, causing damage to the cotton reproductive structures. The earwig Marava arachidis (Dermaptera: Labiidae), is an important reference as a predator in several crops and being easy to rear in the laboratory. To analyze the potential biocontrol of M.

Intestinal Microbiome Profiles in Broiler Chickens Raised with Different Probiotic Strains.

The composition of the intestinal microbiota can influence the metabolism and overall functioning of avian organisms. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different probiotics and an antibiotic on the microbiomes of 1.400 male Cobb broiler raised for 42 days.

Sphenoid Inverted Nasal Papilloma Presenting as Chronic Headaches in a 21-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

An inverted papilloma is a rare, benign tumor that affects the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the most commonly affected, while the involvement of the sphenoid sinus is rare and may be associated with malignancy. We describe the case of a 21-year-old female who presented with recurring headaches along with dizziness, difficulty concentrating, mild hypoacusis, and occasional nasal congestion.

Sickness absenteeism among health care workers in the municipal public service of Chapecó-SC, in the period 2015-2018.

Introduction: Absenteeism of health workers is important because it interferes with the quality of care provided to patients.

Objectives: To characterize the absenteeism-illness of workers in the municipal public health network in Chapecó, SC, Brazil (2015-2018) and test the association of two or more absences in the year with the study variables.

Methods: A crosssectional study was conducted, and the variables studied were sex; age group; professional category; acting time; International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, and sick leave.

Structure and Biosynthesis of Perochalasins A-C, Open-Chain Merocytochalasans Produced by the Marine-Derived Fungus sp. M16.

Novel open-chain merocytochalasans, perochalasins A-C (-), containing an unusual N-O six-membered heterocyclic moiety, were isolated from cultures of the marine-derived sp. M16 fungus, along with cytochalasin Z (), cytochalasin Z (), [12]-cytochalasin (), and phenochalasin B (). The structures of compounds - were established by analysis of the spectroscopic data.

Advances in silver nanoparticles: a comprehensive review on their potential as antimicrobial agents and their mechanisms of action elucidated by proteomics.

Nanoparticles play a crucial role in the field of nanotechnology, offering different properties due to their surface area attributed to their small size. Among them, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their antimicrobial properties, with applications that date back from ancient medicinal practices to contemporary commercial products containing ions or silver nanoparticles. AgNPs possess broad-spectrum biocidal potential against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and Mycobacterium, in addition to exhibiting synergistic effects when combined with certain antibiotics.

Reduction in kidney function decline and risk of severe clinical events in agalsidase beta-treated Fabry disease patients: a matched analysis from the Fabry Registry.

Background: Patients with Fabry disease (FD, α-galactosidase A deficiency or absence) accumulate glycosphingolipids, leading to progressive dysfunction of kidneys, heart and nervous system. Generalizable real-world outcomes following agalsidase beta treatment initiation outside trials are limited. We investigated the associations of long-term agalsidase beta treatment with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes over time and the risk of developing a composite clinical event in a matched analysis of treated and untreated patients with FD.

Systematic Review of the Effects of Sparkling Water Consumption on Blood Pressure.

At present, almost all national health agencies and professional societies recommend reducing dietary sodium to lower blood pressure and prevent cardiovascular disease and stroke. The scientific community has questioned these recommendations multiple times. However, the institutions have clarified that the evidence supporting the reduction of sodium intake remains strong.