In subclinical AF, apixaban vs. aspirin reduced stroke or systemic embolism at 3.5 y, regardless of duration of recent subclinical AF episodes.

GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].

Organoclay flocculation as a pathway to export carbon from the sea surface.

Marine microorganisms play a critical role in regulating atmospheric CO concentration via the biological carbon pump. Deposition of continental mineral dust on the sea surface increases carbon sequestration but the interaction between minerals and marine microorganisms is not well understood. We discovered that the interaction of clay minerals with dissolved organic matter and a γ-proteobacterium in seawater increases Transparent Exopolymer Particle (TEP) concentration, leading to organoclay floc formation.

Depolarization induces calcium-dependent BMP4 release from mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal cells.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling is essential for craniofacial development, though little is known about the mechanisms that govern BMP secretion. We show that depolarization induces calcium-dependent BMP4 release from mouse embryonic palate mesenchyme. We show endogenous transient changes in intracellular calcium occur in cranial neural crest cells, the cells from which embryonic palate mesenchyme derives.

Home- and Community-Based Services: A Comparison of Brain Injury Waivers Across the United States.

Objective: Adults and children who experience brain injury may need services and support when they return to the community. Home- and community-based services waivers are one way to access those supports. Brain injury waivers do not exist in every state, and variations exist in current waivers.

Netrin-1 stimulated axon growth requires the polyglutamylase TTLL1.

Introduction: In the developing brain, neurons extend an axonal process through a complex and changing environment to form synaptic connections with the correct targets in response to extracellular cues. Microtubule and actin filaments provide mechanical support and drive axon growth in the correct direction. The axonal cytoskeleton responds to extracellular guidance cues.

Knockdown of ketohexokinase versus inhibition of its kinase activity exert divergent effects on fructose metabolism.

Excessive fructose intake is a risk factor for the development of obesity and its complications. Targeting ketohexokinase (KHK), the first enzyme of fructose metabolism, has been investigated for the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We compared the effects of systemic, small molecule inhibitor of KHK enzymatic activity with hepatocyte-specific, N-acetylgalactosamine siRNA-mediated knockdown of KHK in mice on an HFD.

Atlas of pacific sand lance (Ammodytes personatus) benthic habitat - Application of multibeam acoustics and directed sampling to identify viable subtidal substrates.

Defining and delineating species distribution and habitat is critical to informed management and conservation. This process is complicated in marine environments, where detection of marine taxa and characterization of marine habitat is more difficult. Small pelagic fishes and forage fishes are particularly challenging, though insights may be more accessible in species highly dependent on particular habitat.

Culturing Primary Cortical Neurons for Live-Imaging.

Primary neuronal cultures allow for in vitro analysis of early developmental processes such as axon pathfinding and growth dynamics. When coupled with methods to visualize and measure microtubule dynamics, this methodology enables an inside look at how the cytoskeleton changes in response to extracellular signaling cues. Here, we describe the culturing conditions and tools required to extract primary cortical neurons from postnatal mouse brains and visualize cytoskeletal components.

Integrating the family stress model within a longitudinal sibling-adoption study of adolescent externalizing behavior.

Using a sample of linked adopted children, adoptive and birth parents (N = 561), and biological siblings residing in the birth parent home (N = 191), we examined the role of genetics within family stress processes. We tested parental hostility (7 years) as a mediator of the associations between socioeconomic strain and rearing parent psychopathology (4 years) and adolescent externalizing behaviors (11 years) in adoptive and biological parent homes. Next, we examined parent social support (4 years) as a moderator of paths from socioeconomic strain and parent psychopathology to parental hostility.