Core Outcome Domains for Elbow Replacement (CODER).

Aims: A review of the literature on elbow replacement found no consistency in the clinical outcome measures which are used to assess the effectiveness of interventions. The aim of this study was to define core outcome domains for elbow replacement.

Methods: A real-time Delphi survey was conducted over four weeks using outcomes from a scoping review of 362 studies on elbow replacement published between January 1990 and February 2021.

Flickering gamma-ray flashes, the missing link between gamma glows and TGFs.

Two different hard-radiation phenomena are known to originate from thunderclouds: terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) and gamma-ray glows. Both involve an avalanche of electrons accelerated to relativistic energies but are otherwise different. Glows are known to last for one to hundreds of seconds, have moderate intensities and originate from quasi-stationary thundercloud fields.

Highly dynamic gamma-ray emissions are common in tropical thunderclouds.

Thunderstorms emit fluxes of gamma rays known as gamma-ray glows, sporadically observed by aircraft, balloons and from the ground. Observations report increased gamma-ray emissions by tens of percent up to two orders of magnitude above the background, sometimes abruptly terminated by lightning discharges. Glows are produced by the acceleration of energetic electrons in high-electric-field regions within thunderclouds and contribute to charge dissipation.

Neck or Shoulder? Establishing Consensus for Spine Screening in Patients with Shoulder Pain: an International Modified Delphi Study.

Objective: There is no established consensus for screening the spine in patients with shoulder pain. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the spine in shoulder pain and generate a set of recommendations for assessing the potential involvement of the spine in patients with shoulder pain.

Methods: A modified Delphi study was conducted through use of an international shoulder physical therapist's expert panel.

STOPTHEBURN: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Death Cafés for Burnout Prevention in Intensive Care Unit Employees.

Effective interventions to prevent burnout among intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians are urgently needed. Death cafés, group discussions about death, build a sense of community and create a space for reflection on distressing events. To assess whether participation in regular death cafés can prevent burnout in ICU clinicians (physicians, nurses, pharmacists, therapists).

Rehabilitation guidelines following arthroscopic shoulder stabilisation surgery for traumatic instability - a Delphi consensus.

Background: There is no consistent approach to rehabilitation following arthroscopic shoulder stabilisation surgery (ASSS) in the UK. The aim of this study was to agree a set of post-operative guidelines for clinical practice.

Method: Expert stakeholders (surgeons, physiotherapists and patients) were identified via professional networks and patient involvement and engagements groups.

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of individualised (early) patient-directed rehabilitation versus standard rehabilitation after surgical repair of the rotator cuff of the shoulder: protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial with integrated Quintet Recruitment Intervention (RaCeR 2).

Introduction: Despite the high number of operations and surgical advancement, rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair has not progressed for over 20 years. The traditional cautious approach might be contributing to suboptimal outcomes. Our aim is to assess whether individualised (early) patient-directed rehabilitation results in less shoulder pain and disability at 12 weeks after surgical repair of full-thickness tears of the rotator cuff compared with current standard (delayed) rehabilitation.

Exploring the feasibility and acceptance of an optimised physiotherapy approach for lateral elbow tendinopathy: a qualitative investigation within the OPTimisE trial.

Objectives: To explore the acceptability of an optimised physiotherapy (OPTimisE) intervention for people with lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) and feasibility of comparing it to usual care in a randomised controlled trial.

Design: Semistructured interviews, analysed using thematic analysis and mapped onto the COM-B model of behaviour change.

Setting: Conducted as part of the OPTimisE Pilot & Feasibility randomised controlled trial within physiotherapy departments in the United Kingdom National Health Service.

Rehabilitation following shoulder arthroscopic stabilisation surgery: A survey of UK practice.

Background: Optimal rehabilitation following arthroscopic shoulder stabilisation for traumatic anterior instability is unknown. The purpose of this study was to establish current UK practice for this patient group.

Methods: A self-administered online questionnaire was developed and distributed to UK surgeons and physiotherapists.

Can we develop consensus on long-term follow-up and surveillance of primary shoulder arthroplasty? A study protocol using a real-time Delphi technique among expert clinicians in the UK.

Background: Shoulder arthroplasty incidence is projected to continue its exponential growth and the resultant burden of monitoring patients with shoulder arthroplasty implants creates significant pressure on orthopaedic services. Surveillance offers the opportunity to study implant longevity, detect failing implants and potentially perform revision at lower morbidity and cost. There is a paucity of evidence to support recommendations on long-term follow-up in shoulder arthroplasty.

Assessing the use of the frequency, etiology, direction, and severity classification system for shoulder instability in physical therapy research - A scoping review.

Objective: The aim of this study is to review the implementation of the Frequency, Etiology, Direction, and Severity (FEDS) classification for shoulder instability by the physical therapy scientific community since its publication in 2011.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on January 10, 2024 in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and SciELO databases, as well as Google Scholar. Studies investigating physical therapy interventions in people with shoulder instability, and reporting selection criteria for shoulder instability were considered eligible.

Optimising physiotherapy for people with lateral elbow tendinopathy - Results of a mixed-methods pilot and feasibility randomised controlled trial (OPTimisE).

Background: The OPTimisE intervention was developed to address uncertainty regarding the most effective physiotherapy treatment strategy for people with Lateral Elbow Tendinopathy (LET).

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of conducting a fully-powered randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating whether the OPTimisE intervention is superior to usual physiotherapy treatment for adults with LET.

Design: A mixed-methods multi-centred, parallel pilot and feasibility RCT, conducted in three outpatient physiotherapy departments in the UK.

Impact of an STI Diagnosis on People Living With HIV in La Romana, Dominican Republic: A Cross-Sectional, Qualitative, Descriptive Study.

The objective of this study was to explore how receiving a sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis affects subsequent STI knowledge and sexual risk behavior among key populations in La Romana, Dominican Republic (DR) who participated in a parent study 12 to 24 months before the current study. Nine participants, with a mean age of 37 years (range 20-54 years) and a female majority (89%), who were recruited from the parent study completed in-depth interviews, questionnaires assessing STI knowledge, and received STI testing. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methodology and questionnaire data, comparing individual's responses between the parent and current studies.

Lived experience of people with lateral elbow tendinopathy: a qualitative study from the OPTimisE pilot and feasibility trial.

Objectives: To explore the lived experience of people with lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) and its impact on everyday life.

Design: Qualitative semi-structured interviews, analysed using thematic analysis.

Setting: Conducted as part of the mixed-methods OPTimisE pilot and feasibility randomised controlled trial of outpatient physiotherapy patients in the UK.

Pharmacist-led review of empagliflozin and ertugliflozin following formulary update.

Objectives: To evaluate the appropriateness of the medication management for anyone who might have been affected by the Horizon New Jersey Health Medicaid Health Maintenance Organization (HNJH Medicaid HMO) formulary update from empagliflozin to ertugliflozin and to then optimize drug selection and monitoring.

Study Design: This is a single-center, 2-phase, pilot project led by 2 pharmacy students and the lead clinical pharmacist at a federally qualified health center in Trenton, New Jersey.

Methods: The primary outcome of the study is the number and percentage of patients whose prescription was changed inappropriately from empagliflozin to ertugliflozin.

The impact of pharmacy benefit managers on community pharmacy: A scoping review.

Introduction: The introduction of pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) within the United States healthcare system occurred with the aim to decrease costs and increase quality. News media and legislation have painted a picture of decreased pharmacy competition and potential negative impacts on patients and their access to affordable medications.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to evaluate the current research literature examining the impact of PBMs on the finances of community pharmacies.

Longstanding behavioural stability in West Africa extends to the Middle Pleistocene at Bargny, coastal Senegal.

Middle Stone Age (MSA) technologies first appear in the archaeological records of northern, eastern and southern Africa during the Middle Pleistocene epoch. The absence of MSA sites from West Africa limits evaluation of shared behaviours across the continent during the late Middle Pleistocene and the diversity of subsequent regionalized trajectories. Here we present evidence for the late Middle Pleistocene MSA occupation of the West African littoral at Bargny, Senegal, dating to 150 thousand years ago.

Post hoc depression analysis from a pharmacist-led diabetes trial.

Introduction: Diabetes and depression may present concurrently, and clinical pharmacists are well equipped to manage these conditions. Clinical pharmacists were grant funded to implement a diabetes-focused randomized controlled trial in a Federally Qualified Health Center. The objective of this analysis is to evaluate if glycemic control and depressive symptoms improve for patients with diabetes and depression with additional management from clinical pharmacists compared with those receiving the standard of care.

Potential Management Options for the Invasive Moth Spodoptera frugiperda in Europe.

We here review and discuss management options that growers in Europe could take in response to the expected invasion of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The focus is put on maize but the information provided is also relevant for other crops potentially affected. A sound forecasting system for fall armyworm both on a regional as well as at local scale should be established to alert growers as early as possible.

Elbow conditions: research priorities setting in partnership with the James Lind Alliance.

Objective: To undertake a UK-based James Lind Alliance (JLA) Priority Setting Partnership for elbow conditions and be representative of the views of patients, carers and healthcare professionals (HCPs).

Setting: This was a national collaborative study organised through the British Elbow and Shoulder Society.

Participants: Adult patients, carers and HCPs who have managed or experienced elbow conditions, their carers and HCPs in the UK involved in managing of elbow conditions.

Comparing an optimised physiotherapy treatment package with usual physiotherapy care for people with tennis elbow - protocol for the OPTimisE pilot and feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Background: Physiotherapy is recommended for people with tennis elbow, but whilst a wide array of treatments is available, the optimal approach remains uncertain. We have therefore recently developed an optimised physiotherapy treatment package for tennis elbow based on a synthesis of the evidence, patient input and clinical consensus. It consists of detailed advice and education, a structured progressive exercise programme and provision of a counter-force elbow brace.