Gestational length of Thoroughbred mares kept in tropical and subtropical climates.

Gestation length (GL) in horses varies widely, influenced by multiple variables, including maternal, fetal, and environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate and quantify the relative contributions of climatic (photoperiod and temperature-humidity index - [THI]), maternal (age and parity), fetal (sex) and environmental (year and month of foaling) variables influencing gestation length in Thoroughbred mares. Retrospective data encompassing 704 pregnancies across nine breeding seasons in tropical and subtropical Brazilian climates were analyzed.

Sociocultural attitudes towards appearance questionnaire-4-revised (SATAQ-4R): validation in a community sample of Norwegian adolescents.

Background: Negative body image and disordered eating are common among adolescents and young adults. The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4-Revised (SATAQ-4R) captures the internalization of societal appearance ideals and perceived pressures from others but has not been validated in a Norwegian adolescent population.

Methods: The current study explored the factor structure of SATAQ-4R in a sample of adolescent Norwegian males and females (n = 1558, mean age 17.

Assessment of pathogenicity in goats: implications for transmission dynamics and host resistant.

, commonly associated with ovine babesiosis, poses a significant threat to sheep health, often resulting in severe clinical manifestations and high mortality rates. However, the impact of on goats has remained uncertain, prompting us to investigate its pathogenicity in caprine hosts. Experimental infections using -infected blood inoculation and infected tick infestation, were conducted on spleen-intact (n=5) and splenectomized (n=5) goats.

General exercises are not superior to specific exercises for pain and functional disability in individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of general exercises with specific exercises for pain and functional disability of individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain.

Method: This systematic review of clinical trials searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, CENTRAL, and PEDro databases with no date or language restriction. Methodological quality of evidence were assessed using the PEDro scale and GRADE, respectively.

Wisdom of the silicon crowd: LLM ensemble prediction capabilities rival human crowd accuracy.

Human forecasting accuracy improves through the "wisdom of the crowd" effect, in which aggregated predictions tend to outperform individual ones. Past research suggests that individual large language models (LLMs) tend to underperform compared to human crowd aggregates. We simulate a wisdom of the crowd effect with LLMs.

Latarjet procedure: open with screws or arthroscopic with cortical-buttons? A retrospective cohort comparison of outcomes and complications.

Background: The original Latarjet-Patte procedure is a reliable procedure to treat traumatic anterior shoulder instability. However, attempts to reduce possible complications have led to the emergence of modified techniques. More prominently are the arthroscopic approach and the use of cortical-buttons for coracoid fixation.

Impact of dental fluorosis on the oral health-related quality of life: a systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the literature to assess the effect of dental fluorosis on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL).

Materials And Methods: Included studies were epidemiological investigations, clinical trials, or human studies that directly compared the impact on OHRQoL between individuals with dental fluorosis and those without, utilizing valid OHRQoL assessment tools. The searches were conducted up to March 2024 in databases, including PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Virtual Health Library.

New insights in the diagnosis and treatment of equine piroplasmosis: pitfalls, idiosyncrasies, and myths.

Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a global tick-borne disease of equids caused by the intraerythrocytic apicomplexan parasites and , and the more recently discovered . These parasites can be transmitted by several tick species, including , , and , but iatrogenic and vertical transmission are also common. Clinical signs of EP include poor performance, fever, icterus, abortions, among others, and peracute or acute forms of infection are associated with high mortality in non-endemic areas.

Transient efficacy of buparvaquone against the US isolate of Ikeda genotype in sub-clinically infected cattle.

Introduction: , an economically significant tick-borne hemoparasite, infects cattle globally. The Ikeda genotype, transmitted by ticks, is associated with clinical manifestations characterized by anemia, abortions, and mortality, although subclinical infections prevail. Despite the common occurrence of subclinical infections, therapeutic interventions targeting Ikeda in such cases are currently lacking, impeding effective parasite control measures.

Role of larvae in transstadial transmission and endemicity of in chronically infected sheep.

, transmitted by ticks, is the causative agent of ovine babesiosis, a disease characterized by fever, anemia, hemoglobinuria, and high mortality in sheep. This study investigates whether sheep that survived babesiosis without treatment can serve as a source of infection for -free host-seeking larvae in a later season. Three donor sheep were experimentally infected with , and after six months, persistence of was assessed through blood and tick transmission experiments.

Transient efficacy of buparvaquone against Theileria haneyi in chronically infected horses.

Background: Theileria haneyi is one of the three known causative agents of equine piroplasmosis. While imidocarb is generally effective in the clearance of the highly pathogenic Theileria equi, it is ineffective in the treatment of T. haneyi.

Fusarium Keratitis: A Systematic Review (1969 to 2023).

Background: Mycotic keratitis (MK) represents a corneal infection, with Fusarium species identified as the leading cause. Fusarium is a genus of filamentous fungi commonly found in soil and plants. While many Fusarium species are harmless, some can cause serious infections in humans and animals, particularly Fusarium keratitis, that can lead to severe ocular infections, prevalent cause of monocular blindness in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

Near-infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis as effective, fast, and cost-effective methods to discriminate from .

and are two emerging opportunistic pathogens that have caused an increase in clinical cases in the recent years worldwide. The differentiation of some species is highly laborious, difficult, costly, and time-consuming depending on the similarity between the species. Thus, this study aimed to develop a new, faster, and less expensive methodology for differentiating between .

ResFungi: A Novel Protein Database of Antifungal Drug Resistance Genes Using a Hidden Markov Model Profile.

Fungal infections vary from superficial to invasive and can be life-threatening in immunocompromised and healthy individuals. Antifungal resistance is one of the main reasons for an increasing concern about fungal infections as they become more complex and harder to treat. The fungal "omics" databases help us find drug resistance genes, which is of great importance and extremely necessary.

Diminazene aceturate inhibits the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-induced inflammation involving leukocyte migration and DNA extracellular traps formation.

Aims: To investigate the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (Spk)-induced inflammatory response and its downmodulation by diminazene aceturate (DIZE).

Materials And Methods: Through inducing Spk inflammation in murine models, leukocyte migration to the peritoneum, levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), rolling and adhesion of mesenteric leukocytes, and vascular permeability were investigated. Extracellular DNA traps (DETs) induced by Spk and the production of IL-6 and TNF-α were analyzed using human neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages.

Platelet-rich plasma injections for the management of knee osteoarthritis: The ESSKA-ICRS consensus. Recommendations using the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method for different clinical scenarios.

Purpose: The aim of this consensus was to develop evidence- and expert-based patient-focused recommendations on the appropriateness of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in different clinical scenarios of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was used by the European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, and Arthroscopy (ESSKA), as well as the International Cartilage Regeneration and Joint Preservation Society (ICRS) to reach a consensus and produce recommendations for specific patient categories combining best available scientific evidence with the collective judgement of a panel of experts.

Results: Scenarios were defined based on first treatment vs first injective treatment vs second injective treatment, age (<50/50-65/66-80/>80), tibiofemoral vs patellofemoral involvement, OA level (Kellgren-Lawrence/KL 0-I/II-III/IV), and joint effusion (dry knee, minor-mild or major effusion).

Rational Approach toward COVID-19's Main Protease Inhibitors: A Hierarchical Biochemoinformatics Analysis.

This study investigated the potential of selected compounds as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 M through pharmacokinetic and toxicological analyses, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. In silico molecular docking simulations revealed promising ligands with favorable binding affinities for M, ranging from -6.2 to -9.

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of yeast infections and rational use of antifungals.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological aspects of infections. The study relied on the analysis of electronic medical records. Among 183 patients with positive fungal infections, 57 were from the community and 126 from hospitals.

Expression of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in horses experimentally infected with merozoites is associated with antibody production but not modulation of pro-inflammatory responses.

() is an apicomplexan parasite that causes severe hemolytic anemia in equids. Presently, there is inadequate knowledge of the immune responses induced by in equid hosts impeding understanding of the host parasite relationship and development of potent vaccines for control of infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the host-parasite dynamics between merozoites and infected horses by assessing cytokine expression during primary and secondary parasite exposure, and to determine whether the pattern of expression correlated with clinical indicators of disease.

Application of essential oils as natural antimicrobials in lactic acid bacteria contaminating fermentation for the production of organic cachaça.

Sugarcane-based fermentation is an essential process for different sectors of economic importance, such as the food industry with fermented and distilled beverages. However, this process can suffer from high contamination by wild yeasts and bacteria, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This makes it necessary to use decontamination strategies and search for new methods that have a low environmental impact and contribute to the production of organic products.