Neoadjuvant radiotherapy in the approach of locally advanced breast cancer.

Background: Approximately 4% of European patients are diagnosed with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC), a clinical condition commonly associated with poorer prognosis. Systemic therapy is the recommended initial treatment and when inoperability criteria prevails, radiotherapy (RT) should be used for tumour downstaging. This study intends to evaluate the impact of neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NART) in the treatment of inoperable LABC.

Definition of the Mandibular Angle Using Botulinum Toxin Type A: A New Technique for the Improvement of Mandibular Contour and Definition.

While the injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) in the neck area, for face contouring through the blockade of the platysmal bundles, and in the mandibular body line has previously been explored, reports of its application for the demarcation of the mandibular angle are more limited. This article described a new technique of BoNTA injection in the mandibular angle for the improvement of contour and definition. At roughly 15 days after application in 30 patients, better visualization of the mandibular angle and its contours was evident and, consequently, smoothing of the appearance of sagging around the mandible with no adverse effects was noted.

Whither social determinants of health?

This critical commentary extends the debate on social determinants of health and disease. Its main argument is that while further studies are unnecessary to demonstrate the fundamentally social distribution of health outcomes, extant analyses rarely engage with the fact that poverty and other forms of oppression are political choices made by societies, which are both contemporaneously contingent and historically situated. This view must guide research and debate in the area so that studies intending to bring injustice to light do not end up naturalizing it.

Aggressive Central Nervous System Relapse after Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Multiple Myeloma: Case Reports and Literature Review.

Extramedullary disease is an aggressive presentation at diagnosis and relapse for multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Central nervous system (CNS) is a very rare manifestation of the extramedullary disease, accounting for less than 1% of MM on diagnosis and relapse. Neurological symptoms are unspecific and usually attributed to other causes.

Birth seasonality of childhood central nervous system tumors: Analysis of primary data from 16 Southern-Eastern European population-based registries.

Season of birth, a surrogate of seasonal variation of environmental exposures, has been associated with increased risk of several cancers. In the context of a Southern-Eastern Europe (SEE) consortium, we explored the potential association of birth seasonality with childhood (0-14 years) central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Primary CNS tumor cases (n = 6,014) were retrieved from 16 population-based SEE registries (1983-2015).

Antiurolithic activity and biotransformation of galloylquinic acids by ATCC10060, ATCC 16404, and ATCC 10028b.

-butanolic fraction (BF) was used as a source of galloylquinic acids, and aerobically incubated with ATCC10060, ATCC 16404, and ATCC 10028b cultures for 60 and 120 h. Out of the three studied filamentous fungi, ATCC10060 was able to degrade galloylquinic acids into one major metabolite, 3--methylgallic acid (M1). The product was identified by H-NMR, UPLC-MS/MS and its potential effect on calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystal binding to Madin-Darby canine kidney cells type I surface was studied.

The Role of Baccharis dracunculifolia and its Chemical Profile on Green Propolis Production by Apis mellifera.

The botanical source of Brazilian green propolis (BGP) is Baccharis dracunculifolia DC, which interacts not only with Apis mellifera, but also with galling insects. In the last decade, because of green propolis´ important biologic activities, the international demand for BGP overcame the production capacity, consequently, new approaches are required to increase this production. Hence, the understanding of the chemical ecology interactions of B.

Role of the antioxidant properties in the gastroprotective and gastric healing activity promoted by Brazilian green propolis and the healing efficacy of Artepillin C.

Green propolis is a resinous substance used in folk medicine given its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-ulcer effects. Our research group has already confirmed the gastroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract from green propolis (HEGP), as well as of its main isolated compounds. In continuity, this study evaluated the antioxidant mode of action involved in the preventive effect induced by HEGP, and its therapeutic gastric healing potential on installed ulcers.

(±)-Licarin A and its semi-synthetic derivatives: In vitro and in silico evaluation of trypanocidal and schistosomicidal activities.

This paper reports the synthesis of (±)-licarin A 1, a dihydrobenzofuran neolignan, resultant of an oxidative coupling reaction of isoeugenol and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme. Following, three semi-synthetic derivatives from this compound were obtained: benzylated (±)-licarin A 2, methylated (±)-licarin A 3 and acetylated (±)-licarin A 4. After structural elucidation and assignment by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of H, C and DEPT, all compounds were evaluated in vitro against Trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi (T.

Thiotepa and antithymocyte globulin-based conditioning prior to haploidentical transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide in high-risk hematological malignancies.

We report results of a thiotepa-based conditioning in haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT-CY) and antithymocyte globulin (ATG), for unmanipulated peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplants, in 80 patients with hematological malignancies. Patients in complete remission (CR) received a thiotepa-busulfan-fludarabine (TBF) regimen, while patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) malignancies received a sequential regimen consisting of thiotepa-etoposide-cyclophosphamide (TEC) and reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC). The median age was 52 (range, 17-72) years, 44% patients had R/R disease at transplant, and the median follow-up was 417 (range, 180-1595) days.

The roles of cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors in cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization and conditioned place preference in mice.

Rationale: Cocaine is a psychostimulant drug that facilitates monoaminergic neurotransmission. The endocannabinoid system, comprising the cannabinoid receptors (CBR and CBR), the endocannabinoids, and their metabolizing-enzymes, modulates the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway and represents a potential target for the treatment of addiction.

Objectives: Here, we tested the hypothesis that the cannabinoid receptors are implicated in cocaine-induced motor sensitization, conditioned place preference (CPP), and hippocampal activation.

Prevalence of enuresis and its impact in quality of life of patients with sickle cell disease.

Introduction: Evidence indicates an increase in the prevalence of enuresis in individuals with sickle cell disease. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and impact of enuresis on quality of life in individuals with sickle cell disease.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated individuals with sickle cell disease followed at a reference clinic, using a questionnaire designed to evaluate the age of complete toilet training, the presence of enuresis and lower urinary tract, and the impact on quality of life of these individuals.

Environmental impacts of commuting modes in Lisbon: a life-cycle assessment addressing particulate matter impacts on health.

A life-cycle assessment of commuting alternatives is conducted that compares six transportation modes (car, bus, train, subway, motorcycle and bicycle) for eight impact indicators. Fine particulate matter (PM) emissions and health impacts are incorporated in the assessment using intake fractions that differentiate between urban and non-urban emissions, combined with an effect factor. The potential benefits of different strategies for reducing environmental impacts are illustrated.

Psychosocial mediators of screen time reduction after an intervention for students from schools in vulnerable areas: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To investigate whether psychosocial variables mediate the effect of a multicomponent intervention on screen time reduction among Brazilian students from schools located in vulnerable areas.

Design: A cluster-randomized controlled trial with a 4-month follow-up.

Methods: This study was conducted with 1085 students (548 in the intervention group and 537 in the control group), aged 11-17years.

Prevalence of traumatic orofacial and dental injury in unidentified bodies-Data from a forensic medicine institute in Brazil.

Background/aim: Orofacial trauma and traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are serious public health problems due to their high prevalence, severe morbidity, high costs of treatment, and long-term sequelae. However, the extent of the problem may be underestimated since trauma analysis, from a forensic odontology perspective, is not widely represented in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of traumatic orofacial injuries (TOI) and TDI in unidentified bodies and their association with the cause of death.

Local and systemic effects caused by Crotalus durissus terrificus, Crotalus durissus collilineatus, and Crotalus durissus cascavella snake venoms in swiss mice.

Introduction: Crotalus envenomations cause serious complications and can be fatal without appropriate treatment. Venom isoforms present and inter/intraspecific variations in the venom composition can result in different symptoms presented by bites by snakes from the same species but from different geographical regions. We comparatively evaluated the local and systemic effects caused by Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt), C.

Chemosensitizing Effect of Cernumidine Extracted from Solanum cernuum on Bladder Cancer Cells in Vitro.

Cernumidine (CER) is a guanidinic alkaloid isolated from Solanum cernuum leaves. In this work, we investigated the cytotoxicity, chemosensitizing effect of cernumidine to cisplatin (cDDP) and the possible mechanism of action of the combination on bladder cancer cells. Cernumidine showed cytotoxicity and could sensitize bladder cancer cells to cisplatin.

[Classification of color/race in children from indigenous households in Brazil].

Studies on racial classification systems in Brazil reveal the influence of socioeconomic factors in the expression of color/race categories, especially for whites and blacks. The aim of this study was to analyze specific family arrangements between fathers, mothers, and children, at least one of whom was indigenous. Based on the sample from the 2010 Population Census, we selected households with at least three residents (father, mother, and children), at least one of whom was indigenous.

Brazilian consensus in enuresis-recomendations for clinical practice.

Introduction: Enuresis, defined as an intermittent urinary incontinence that occurs during sleep, is a frequent condition, occurring in about 10% of children at 7 years of age. However, it is frequently neglected by the family and by the primary care provider, leaving many of those children without treatment. Despite of many studies in Enuresis and recent advances in scientific and technological knowledge there is still considerable heterogeneity in evaluation methods and therapeutic approaches.

Assessing the cytotoxic potential of glycoalkaloidic extract in nanoparticles against bladder cancer cells.

Objective: This study proposed to use the nanotechnology to deliver glycoalkaloidic extract (AE) to bladder cancer cells, evaluating their activity in 2D and 3D models and the biological mechanism of cell death.

Methods: NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method using polylactic acid (PLA) and characterized considering their size, charge, particle concentration and stability. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in 2D and 3D model, and the apoptosis and cell cycle were investigated using flow cytometry.

Skin color affect the replacement of amalgam for composite in posterior restorations: a birth-cohort study.

The aim of present study was to estimate the occurrence and associated factors for replacement of amalgam posterior restorations. A representative sample of all 5,914 births from the 1982 in Pelotas birth cohort study was prospectively investigated, and the posterior restorations were assessed at 24 (n = 720) and 31 years of age (n = 539). Individual-level variables, i.

Measuring perceived mistreatment across diverse social groups: An evaluation of the Everyday Discrimination Scale.

Rationale: Research assessing the health-related consequences of perceived discrimination depends upon high quality measures of perceived discrimination. The Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS) is among the most frequently used instruments to assess perceptions of discrimination in general, as well as specific types of discrimination (e.g.

Quality of life, work ability and oral health among patients with chronic liver diseases.

Background: This study aimed to explore the associations between health-related quality of life and work ability with the oral health status of patients with chronic liver disease.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study included 150 patients with chronic liver disease, consecutively seen at University Hospital, Salvador, Brazil. Oral health was evaluated by the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and by the presence of gingivitis and periodontitis.

Model for the Prediction of the Lifetime and Energy Yield of Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells at Elevated Temperatures.

With the realization of highly efficient perovskite solar cells, the long-term stability of these devices is the key challenge hindering their commercialization. In this work, we study the temperature-dependent stability of perovskite solar cells and develop a model capable of predicting the lifetime and energy yield of perovskite solar cells outdoors. This model results from the measurement of the kinetics governing the degradation of perovskite solar cells at elevated temperatures.