[Current diagnosis of impotence].

In recent years the true incidence of impotence due to organic diseases in comparison with psychogenic disorders could be verified. New diagnostic tools as penile Doppler ultrasonography, PBI estimation, NPT measurement, invasive SKIT's, neurophysiological methods, selective phalloarteriography, artificial erection and dynamic cavernosography are introduced and are the guide to therapeutic approach.

CA 125 in peritoneal fluid and serum from patients with benign gynecologic conditions and ovarian cancer.

CA 125 was measured in peritoneal fluid from 200 patients with primary ovarian malignancies (35) and benign gynecologic conditions (165). In 86 patients CA 125 was measured both in peritoneal fluid and in serum. Patients with ovarian cancer had markedly greater serum CA 125 levels compared to patients with benign disease.

The role of peptide growth factors in epithelial ovarian cancer.

We studied the effect of epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and transforming growth factor-beta on proliferation of four epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCA 420, OVCA 429, OVCA 432, and OVCA 433). Epidermal growth factor stimulated growth of OVCA 429 cells (P = .0001) and OVCA 433 cells (P = .

Preoperative serum tumor-associated antigen levels in women with pelvic masses.

Preoperative sera were assayed for tumor-associated antigens CA 125, TAG 72, and CA 15-3 in 100 women with pelvic masses. Serum CA 125 levels were elevated above 65 U/mL in 83% of 42 patients with ovarian malignancies, in 58% of 12 patients with nonovarian malignancies, and in 17% of 46 patients with benign pelvic masses. Elevations of TAG 72 and CA 15-3 levels occurred less frequently in all groups of patients.

Gynecologic tumor markers.

The advent of monoclonal technology has increased the potential utility of antibody-dependent tumor marker assays in gynecologic oncology. The availability of unlimited quantities of several pure monoclonal antibodies directed against novel epitopes on tumor-associated antigens has permitted development of highly sensitive assays for serum markers. Traditional assays for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), NB/70K and TA-4 have been improved.

[Clinical value of interleukin 1- and interleukin 2-determinations in patients after kidney transplantation].

In a retrospective study of allograft rejections in renal transplant recipients we examined the value of cytokine production monitoring. Interleukin 1 (IL 1) and interleukin 2 (IL 2) activities were determined in supernatants of mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes in 8 renal transplant recipients serially for a period up to 60 days after transplantation. LPS-induced IL 1 as well as PHA-induced IL 2 production in patients after renal transplantation were significantly decreased in comparison to healthy controls.

Autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Forty-four children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who had relapsed (N = 43) or had refractory disease (N = 1) were intensively treated with combination chemotherapy, had remission bone marrow (BM) harvested and purged in vitro with monoclonal antibodies specific for leukemia-associated antigens, underwent postharvest ablative chemotherapy and radiotherapy and subsequently were infused with their autologous marrow. Of the 44 patients treated between November 1980 and January 1988, 19 relapsed, 10 died of complications, and 15 remained in complete remission for a median of 28.5 months (range, 10+ to 94+).

Immunohistochemical expression of TAG-72 in normal and malignant endometrium: correlation of antigen expression with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor levels.

TAG-72 is a tumor-associated antigen that is expressed by secretory endometrium and most endometrial adenocarcinomas. We used immunohistochemical techniques to quantitate expression of TAG-72, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor in 21 normal endometria and 44 endometrial adenocarcinomas. In normal cycling endometrial glands, TAG-72 expression was related inversely to expression of receptors for estrogen and progesterone.

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in normal and malignant endometrium.

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in fresh-frozen uterine tissues was studied with the use of monoclonal antibody 528, which recognizes an epitope on the external domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Immunohistochemically detectable epidermal growth factor receptor was seen in all uterine cell types in 19 of 20 normal uteri. Staining of endometrial glands and endometrial stromal cells was consistently greater than that of myometrium, and no variation in intensity or distribution of staining was seen during the menstrual cycle.

Reactivity of epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies with human uterine tissues.

Two monoclonal antibodies (29.1 and 528), which were raised against the epidermal growth factor receptor, were used to evaluate expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in frozen uterine tissue with immunohistochemical techniques. Monoclonal antibody 29.

Elimination of malignant clonogenic breast cancer cells from human bone marrow.

Autologous bone marrow transplantation is a promising approach to the treatment of breast cancer but is at present limited to patients without bone marrow metastases. To eliminate malignant clonogenic breast cancer cells from normal human bone marrow, immunomagnetic separation has been combined with chemoseparation using 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide. Breast cancer cell lines have been mixed with a 10-fold excess of irradiated human bone marrow from normal donors.

Differential induction by interferons of major histocompatibility complex-encoded and non-major histocompatibility complex-encoded antigens in human breast and ovarian carcinoma cell lines.

Treatment of cancer cells with interferons can modulate expression of cell surface antigens, particularly those of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). To examine the effect of recombinant gamma- and alpha-interferons on expression of non-MHC antigens, murine monoclonal antibodies have been used to quantitate 14 distinct tumor-associated cell surface antigens from five breast cancer cell lines and five ovarian cancer cell lines using a live cell radioimmunoassay. Both Class I and Class II MHC antigens could be augmented or induced with gamma-interferon.

Immunohistochemical expression of CA 125 in endometrial adenocarcinoma: correlation of antigen expression with metastatic potential.

Immunohistochemical localization of CA 125 using murine monoclonal antibody OC 125 was performed on fresh frozen tissue from 44 endometrial adenocarcinomas and 26 benign endometria. Immunohistochemical evaluation incorporated both intensity and distribution of staining (CA 125 HSCORE). Thirty-seven cancers (84%) and 23 benign endometria (88%) expressed immunohistochemically detectable CA 125.

Constitutive production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor by human ovarian and breast cancer cell lines.

Many nonhematologic tumors produce growth factors that may influence cellular proliferation either by autocrine or by paracrine mechanisms. In the current study, human tumor cell lines were investigated for the constitutive production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Culture supernatants obtained from cell lines were analyzed using a radioimmunoassay and a radioreceptor assay specific for M-CSF.

CA 125 levels in patients with ovarian carcinoma undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Levels of CA 125, determined in three patients with ovarian carcinoma undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation, dropped significantly in the month after bone marrow transplantation. This decrease was linear by multiple regression analysis. The CA 125 decrease after bone marrow transplantation in patients with nonevaluable or stable disease may represent biologic response to high-dose therapy.

Heterogeneity of antigen expression in benign and malignant breast and ovarian epithelial cells.

Expression of II distinct antigen families has been studied in normal and malignant epithelial cells from breast and ovary by avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase staining of frozen tissue sections. Each of the antigens was expressed in a fraction of the normal and malignant breast tissues from different individuals. Among breast and ovarian cancers, a similar fraction of tumors expressed each of the determinants.

Pharmacokinetics of a radioiodinated monoclonal antibody F(ab')2 fragment in a xenograft model with circulating antigen.

The pharmacokinetics of 131I-labeled OC 125 F(ab')2 antibody fragment were investigated in athymic mice bearing OVCAR-3 ovarian carcinoma xenografts, a model in which the CA 125 antigen is present in serum. Nine antibody doses between 0.1 and 650 micrograms were studied.

High-dose combination cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and melphalan with autologous bone marrow support. A clinical and pharmacologic study.

A total of 23 patients were treated at five dose escalations with high-dose combination cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and melphalan with autologous bone marrow support. The maximum tolerated doses of cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and melphalan were 5,625, 180, and 80 mg/m2, respectively. The dose-limiting toxicity was cardiac toxicity.

The CA 125 tumour-associated antigen: a review of the literature.

CA 125 is an antigenic determinant on a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein recognized by a monoclonal antibody which was raised using an ovarian cancer cell line as an immunogen. During the last 5 years the studies reviewed in this paper have provided information concerning the nature, distribution and clinical significance of CA 125. The CA 125 determinant is expressed by epithelial ovarian tumours and various other pathological and normal tissues of Müllerian origin.

CA 125 assay used in conjunction with CA 15-3 and TAG-72 assays for discrimination between malignant and non-malignant diseases of the ovary.

It has previously been suggested by the authors that elevated serum CA 125 levels may be of value in discriminating malignant from non-malignant pathologies among women with pelvic masses. Enhancement of this discrimination capacity might be achieved by utilizing additional serum assays. To test this hypothesis CA 125, CA 15-3 and TAG-72 levels were determined in double-blind fashion on 219 sera from patients undergoing diagnostic laparotomy for pelvic masses at six gynecological departments in the Stockholm area.

Alcohol-related birth defects: an update.

Historically, mankind has at least suspected that alcohol was somehow connected with undesirable effects on progeny. In the 18th century, physicians became aware that maternal alcohol consumption resulted in excess fetal and neonatal mortality, low birth weight, and many other deleterious effects. Perhaps as a response to the temperance and Prohibition periods, scientists lost sight of or interest in the effects of alcohol in pregnancy.

Clinical trials with human tumor necrosis factor: in vivo and in vitro effects on human mononuclear phagocyte function.

The purpose of this investigation was to understand the biological effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor used as therapy for cancer. We studied changes in mononuclear phagocyte function following exposure to this cytokine in vitro or in vivo. Tumor necrosis factor increased phorbol myristate acetate-induced hydrogen peroxide production 8- to 20-fold in peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages in vitro in a dose-dependent manner.