Challenges in transitioning from adolescent to Adult Mental Health Services for young adults with ADHD in Italy: an observational study.

Aims: Ensuring a successful transition to Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) is fundamental for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients to prevent adverse scenarios in adults (e.g., psychiatric disorders, substance or alcohol abuse).

Typical NF2 and LTZR1 mutations are retained in an immortalized human schwann cell model of schwannomatosis.

Human SCs play a primary role in SWN, a rare genetic disorder in which patients develop multiple schwannomas. So that, their isolation and immortalization could represent an irreplaceable tool to investigate the disease etiopathology. Although few clones of tumoural SCs have been obtained, unfortunately they present genetic, morphological and biological characteristics that do not fully represent the original cells.

Skull bone marrow-derived immune cells infiltrate the damaged cortex and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties.

Identifying the origins and contributions of different immune cell populations following brain injury is crucial for understanding their roles in inflammation and tissue repair. This study investigated the infiltration and phenotypic characteristics of skull bone marrow-derived immune cells in the murine brain after TBI. We performed calvarium transplantation from GFP donor mice and subjected the recipients to controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury 14 days post-transplant.

Relationship between intended force and actual force: comparison between athletes and non-athletes.

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether athletes (ATHL) and non-athletes (NON-ATHL) individuals had similar accuracy in matching intended to actual force during ballistic (BAL) and tonic (TON) isometric contractions. In this cross-sectional study, the subjects were divided into ATHL ( = 20; 22.4 ± 2.

Conformational Landscape of α-Halopropiophenones Determined by NMR Reveals Unexpected Patterns and Geometric Constraints.

The conformational features of α-halopropiophenones were investigated to understand the influence of α-halogens on conformation through hyperconjugative interactions, electrostatics, and steric factors. Using NMR, C-H scalar coupling constants were measured in different solvents, revealing a pattern in the conformational equilibria, which we validated by computational means. This behavior arises largely from hyperconjugative effects with the exception of the fluoro-derivatives, which are also influenced by steric and electrostatic interactions.

Next-Generation Tags for Fluorine Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Designing Amplification of Chemical Shift Sensitivity.

Fluorine NMR is a highly sensitive technique for delineating the conformational states of biomolecules and has shown great utility in drug screening and in understanding protein function. Current fluorinated protein tags leverage the intrinsic chemical shift sensitivity of the F nucleus to detect subtle changes in protein conformation and topology. This chemical shift sensitivity can be amplified by embedding the fluorine or trifluoromethyl reporter within a pyridone.

Synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles with 4-methoxynaphthalene ring: discovering new compounds with antimicrobial activity.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic infection caused by spp. (). PCM can be associated or clinically confused with tuberculosis (TB), another pulmonary infection, caused by ().

Efferocytosis is restricted by axon guidance molecule EphA4 via ERK/Stat6/MERTK signaling following brain injury.

Background: Efferocytosis is a process that removes apoptotic cells and cellular debris. Clearance of these cells alleviates neuroinflammation, prevents the release of inflammatory molecules, and promotes the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines to help maintain tissue homeostasis. The underlying mechanisms by which this occurs in the brain after injury remain ill-defined.

Endothelial deletion of EPH receptor A4 alters single-cell profile and Tie2/Akap12 signaling to preserve blood-brain barrier integrity.

Neurobiological consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) result from a complex interplay of secondary injury responses and sequela that mediates chronic disability. Endothelial cells are important regulators of the cerebrovascular response to TBI. Our work demonstrates that genetic deletion of endothelial cell (EC)-specific EPH receptor A4 (EphA4) using conditional and knockout (KO) mice promotes blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and tissue protection, which correlates with improved motor function and cerebral blood flow recovery following controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury.

Remdesivir increases mtDNA copy number causing mild alterations to oxidative phosphorylation.

SARS-CoV-2 causes the severe respiratory disease COVID-19. Remdesivir (RDV) was the first fast-tracked FDA approved treatment drug for COVID-19. RDV acts as an antiviral ribonucleoside (adenosine) analogue that becomes active once it accumulates intracellularly.

GPS tracking analyses reveal finely-tuned shorebird space use and movement patterns throughout the non-breeding season in high-latitude austral intertidal areas.

Background: Long-distance migratory birds spend most of their annual cycle in non-breeding areas. During this period birds must meet their daily nutritional needs and acquire additional energy intake to deal with future events of the annual cycle. Therefore, patterns of space use and movement may emerge as an efficient strategy to maintain a trade-off between acquisition and conservation of energy during the non-breeding season.

Controlled Pyrazole-Hydrazone Annulation: Regiodivergent Synthesis of 1- and 2-Pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridazinones.

An efficient and controlled site-selective annulation of 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl 4-hydrazonyl pyrazoles is described. The relative proportion of the products is affected by hydrazone intermediate configuration, reaction temperature, and Lewis acid employed. At a temperature of 110-120 °C, the reaction preferentially afforded 1-pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridazin-7(6)-ones, whereas using Yb(OTf) in MeCN reflux, 2-pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridazin-7(6)-ones were favored.

Efferocytosis is restricted by axon guidance molecule EphA4 via ERK/Stat6/Mertk signaling following brain injury.

Background: Efferocytosis is a process that removes apoptotic cells and cellular debris. Clearance of these cells alleviates neuroinflammation and prevents the release of inflammatory molecules and promotes the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines to help maintain tissue homeostasis. The underlying mechanisms by which this occurs in the brain after injury remains ill-defined.

The "banana splitting DREZotomy": an atraumatic method to improve pain relief after dorsal root entry zone lesioning in brachial plexus injuries. Case series and tenets for the treatment.

Background: The treatment of neuropathic deafferentation pain due to avulsion injuries of the brachial plexus is a major problem, albeit rare, in the neurosurgical practice. The aim of the paper is to present step-by-step the main principles of a surgical upgrade of the well-known Dorsal Root Entry Zone lesioning, that we named banana splitting DREZotomy.

Methods: A comparison is made among three groups of patients, two of which were treated following the classic techniques, while in the third no physical agent is applied to the spinal cord during surgery.

Sex differences in estimates of cardiac autonomic function using heart rate variability: effects of dietary capsaicin.

Purpose: Heart rate variability (HRV) estimates the autonomic nervous system (ANS) influence on the heart and appears sex-specific. Sensory afferents exhibit sex-specificity; although, it is unknown if Capsaicin, an agonist for transient receptor potential vanilloid channel-1 (TRPV), alters cardiac ANS activity in a sex-dependent manner, which could be important given the predictive nature of HRV on risk of developing hypertension. Thus, we explored if there was sex-specificity in the effect of capsaicin on estimated cardiac ANS activity.

Transition in endocrinology: predictors of drop-out of a heterogeneous population on a long-term follow-up.

Purpose: To evaluate: (1) clinical and epidemiological characteristics of outpatients transitioned from Pediatrics Endocrine (PED) to Adult Endocrine Department (AED) in a tertiary center; (2) transition process features, and predictors of drop-out.

Methods: Demographic, clinical, and transition features of 170 consecutive patients with pediatric onset of chronic endocrine or metabolic disease (excluded type 1 diabetes) who transitioned from PED to AED (2007-2020) were retrospective evaluated.

Results: The age at transition was 18.

Mutation of Tyrosine Sites in the Human Alpha-Synuclein Gene Induces Neurotoxicity in Transgenic Mice with Soluble Alpha-Synuclein Oligomer Formation.

Overexpression of α-synuclein with tyrosine mutated to phenylalanine at position 125 leads to a severe phenotype with motor impairment and neuropathology in . Here, we hypothesized that tyrosine mutations would similarly lead to impaired motor performance with neuropathology in a rodent model. In transgenic mice (ASO), tyrosines at positions 125, 133, and 136 in human α-synuclein were mutated to phenylalanine and cloned into a Thy1.

Does sex influence near-infrared spectroscopy-derived indicators of microvascular reactivity and the response to acute dietary capsaicin.

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular disease development, nitric oxide (NO) deficiencies, and may be limb or sex-specific. Prior in vitro work indicated that the transient receptor potential vanilloid channel-1 (TRPV) is expressed in human arteries and the TRPV agonist capsaicin alters vasodilation in an endothelium-dependent manner; however, it is unknown if this translates in vivo or is limb or sex-dependent. Therefore, we sought to determine if there was limb or sex-specificity in the effect of capsaicin on microvascular function using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived tissue oxygen saturation (StO) reperfusion slope.

The reanimation of the elbow functions in avulsive injuries of the upper brachial plexus using the medial cord transfer: nuances of the technique and update.

Objectives: Report on a new transfer for the reinnervation of biceps and brachialis muscles after multilevel avulsive injuries of brachial plexus provided at least T1 is viable: the Medial Cord to Musculocutaneous (MCMc) and its variant, the Medial Cord to anterior Upper Trunk (MC-aUT). The MC-aUT is indicated in agenesia of musculocutaneous nerve and when a residual function in the biceps is present. The MCMc transfer would be unfeasible in the former and contraindicated in the latter.

Corrigendum: Type I Interferon Response Is Mediated by NLRX1-cGAS-STING Signaling in Brain Injury.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.

Monocyte proinflammatory phenotypic control by ephrin type A receptor 4 mediates neural tissue damage.

Circulating monocytes have emerged as key regulators of the neuroinflammatory milieu in a number of neuropathological disorders. Ephrin type A receptor 4 (Epha4) receptor tyrosine kinase, a prominent axon guidance molecule, has recently been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Using a mouse model of brain injury and a GFP BM chimeric approach, we found neuroprotection and a lack of significant motor deficits marked by reduced monocyte/macrophage cortical infiltration and an increased number of arginase-1+ cells in the absence of BM-derived Epha4.

Successful use of perampanel in GABRA1-related myoclonic epilepsy with photosensitivity.

Pathogenic variants in gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1 (GABRA1) is a protein coding gene that has been associated with a broad phenotypic spectrum of epilepsies. These have ranged from mild generalized forms to early-onset severe epileptic encephalopathies. Both in mild and in severe forms, tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures with generalized spike and wave discharges and photoparoxysmal responses are common clinical manifestations.

A pioneer of acrylic painting: new insights into Carmen Herrera's studio practice.

Unlabelled: Carmen Herrera, born on May 30th, 1915, is a Cuban American abstract minimalist artist, whose first solo show was held at the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, in 2016-2017. On this occasion, a scientific study of five paintings from the artist's time in Paris (1948-1953) revealed her pioneering use of solvent-based acrylic paints in post-war Europe. This article presents a second phase of research into Herrera's work aiming to shed light on her studio practice and ascertain the possible presence of other early acrylic paints in her pre-1963 artistic production.

Semi-intensive shrimp farms as experimental arenas for the study of predation risk from falcons to shorebirds.

Varying environmental conditions and energetic demands can affect habitat use by predators and their prey. Anthropogenic habitats provide an opportunity to document both predation events and foraging activity by prey and therefore enable an empirical evaluation of how prey cope with trade-offs between starvation and predation risk in environments of variable foraging opportunities and predation danger. Here, we use seven years of observational data of peregrine falcons and shorebirds at a semi-intensive shrimp farm to determine how starvation and predation risk vary for shorebirds under a predictable variation in foraging opportunities.