Genetic polymorphism of the CYP11B2 gene in an Iraqi patient with essential hypertension.

Objective: Aim: To demonstrate the genetic variant of CYP11B2 Gen rs1799998 and rs4539 and their ef f ect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in Iraqi patient with essential hypertension in Aldiwania province.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: This is an observational cross sectional descriptive single centre study for hypertensive patients at Al-Diwaniyah province, Iraq which is diagnosed according to 2020 ISH. All candidate patients were diagnosed and recruited by specialist caregiving physician/ cardiologist.

Association between plasma angiotensinogen level and response to valsartan among sample of Iraqi hypertensive patients.

Objective: Aim: The main aim of the present paper is to investigate allele frequencies of rs1799983 polymorphism eNOS genes and to determine association between rs1799983 polymorphism of eNOS gene and essential hypertension in Iraqi hypertensive patients.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: Data obtained at the Al-Diwaniyah teaching hospital in Iraq by researchers from the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in the College of Medicine at University of Al-Qadisiyah from July 2022 to July 2023. All participants (aged 20 to 70) had been taking valsartan 160 mg once day for essential hypertension for at least two weeks before to the study.

Association between rs1799983 polymorphism of eNOS gene and essential hypertension in Iraqi hypertensive patients.

Objective: Aim: To investigate allele frequencies of rs1799983 polymorphism eNOS genes and to determine association between rs1799983 polymorphism of eNOS gene and essential hypertension in Iraqi hypertensive patients.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: This is an observational cross sectional descriptive single center study. ninety hypertensive patients were recruited by specialist cardiologist and conducted at AL-Diwaniyah teaching hospital and department of pharmacology and therapeutics, college of medicine, university of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq.

Vitamin D receptor gene rs2228570 (FOKI) polymorphism associated with essential hypertension in Iraqi patients.

Objective: Aim: To understand how vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism (VDR rs2228570) affects blood pressure in Iraqi patients with essential hypertension in Al Diwaniya province.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: This is a single-center observational cross-sectional descriptive study of 90 patients with essential hypertension. Using the PCRTETRA ARM technique, blood samples were genotyped and examined for the polymorphisms of FOKI (rs2228570) gene.

The impact of empagliflozin and metformin on cardiac parameters in patients with mid-range ejection fraction heart failure without diabetes.

Heart failure (HF) remains a significant problem for healthcare systems, requiring the use of intervention and multimodal management strategies. We aimed to assess the short-term effect of empagliflozin (EMPA) and metformin on cardiac function parameters, including ventricular dimension-hypertrophy, septal thickness, ejection fraction (EF), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in patients with HF and mildly reduced EF. A case-control study included 60 newly diagnosed patients with HF.

Effects of combined metformin and cabergoline versus metformin alone on ovarian and hormonal activities in Iraqi patients with PCOS and hyperprolactinemia: a randomized clinical trial.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases during female reproductive life, often associated with insulin resistance and hyperprolactinemia. The efficacy of metformin and cabergoline for managing PCOS remains debated in the literature. This three-arm interventional study in Iraq assessed the effects of these drugs on body mass index (BMI), hormonal balance, and uterine artery blood flow in 75 women with PCOS and hyperprolactinemia.

Metformin effects on cardiac parameters in non-diabetic Iraqi patients with heart failure and mid-range ejection fraction - a comparative two-arm parallel clinical study.

Heart failure (HF) remains a difficult challenge to the healthcare system, necessitating promoting interventions and multidrug management. Metformin, typically used to manage diabetes, has emerged as a promising intervention in the treatment of HF. This study aimed to assess the effect of adding metformin to the standard treatment of HF on cardiac parameters.

Correlation of serum 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol with the incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma: A cross-sectional study on patients with chronic illnesses.

Purpose: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a clinical progressive neuropathy which can lead to irreversible blindness if left untreated. A low level of serum Vitamin D3 is a major risk factor for glaucoma, and hence, represents a second target for glaucoma therapy following intraocular pressure (IOP). However, there is still controversy about whether there is a direct correlation between Vitamin D3 deficiency and the risk of increased IOP.

Oridonin supplementation attenuates atherosclerosis via NLRP-3 inflammasome pathway suppression.

Atherosclerosis, a long-term inflammatory and immune condition affecting medium- and large-sized arteries, results in the thickening of artery walls and the accumulation of inflammatory cells and fatty streaks that establish fibrous capsules with macrophages at the site of injury. Atherosclerosis has a major impact on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Oridonin has been shown to exclusively inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome without affecting the activation of AIM-2 or NLRC-4 inflammasomes.

Evaluation of anti-atherosclerotic effects of Sitagliptin via modulation of the mTOR pathway in male rabbits.

Atherosclerosis is a common and serious vascular disease that underlies many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular illnesses, including heart attack and stroke. Atherosclerosis-related illnesses have increased in prevalence and now pose a substantial burden on individuals and society. Autophagy (AP) is a process in which cytoplasmic components are engulfed by a double-membrane structure, such as defective organelles and aged, damaged, and flawed proteins.

Oridonin supplementation in rabbits may help to improve the outcome of induced atherosclerosis via autophagy induction.

Background And Aim: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerotic plague. Oridonin is the major active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens. It is a natural terpenoids that is known as a strong anti-inflammatory supplement by acting as a potent inhibitor of the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway.

Genetic Polymorphism of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors and Their Effect on the Clinical Outcome of Captopril Treatment in Arab Iraqi Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (Mid Euphrates).

Genetic variation in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) has an important effect on the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) initiated treatment with captopril. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic polymorphism of AT1R (rs5186 and rs275651) on the ACS outcome in Iraqi patients treated with captopril. A total of 250 Iraqi individuals with ACS were included in this case-control study and they were divided into two study groups; Study group 1 included 125 participants who were prescribed captopril, 25 mg twice daily and study group 2 included 125 participants who received no captopril as part of their ACS treatment (control study).

Genetic polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II type 1 receptors and their impact on the outcome of acute coronary syndrome.

This study aims to investigate the impact of ACE (rs4343) and AT1R (rs 5182) genetic polymorphisms on the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients on captopril. Two hundred and fifty participants with ACS were included in this study (Group 1 (120) participants on captopril 25 mg twice daily and Group 2 (130) participants received no captopril (control study)). Participants were genotyped for ACE (rs4343) and AT1R (rs5182) polymorphisms and the phenotype was determined.

Correlation of CYP2D6 allelic polymorphism to outcome of acute coronary syndrome in mid-Euphrates Iraqi patients on metoprolol therapy.

This study aims to investigate the different clinically relevant allele variants (allele frequencies) of CYP2D6 gene and to determine whether a specific genotype of CYP2D6 gene (based on genetic polymorphism "allelic types" and combination) have impact on metoprolol effectiveness (clinical outcome) in patients who have acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The study included 250 patients with ACS who were classified into 2 study groups, 125 patients received metoprolol and served as a study group (Group1) and 125 who received no metoprolol therapy (due to contraindication to the medication) and served as a control group (Group 2). Venous blood samples were taken from all participants for DNA extraction.

Reno-protective effects of TAK-242 on acute kidney injury in a rat model.

Acute kidney inschemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is characterized by an abrupt loss of kidney function, resulting in the retention of urea and other nitrogenous waste products and in the dysregulation of extracellular volume and electrolytes. Despite the advances in therapeutic techniques, the mortality and morbidity of patients remain high and have not appreciably improved. This study aims to evaluate the potential protective effect of TAK-242 on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury using an animal model.

Herbal extract targets in Leishmania tropica.

The present study aims to investigate the effect of some herbal extract such as phenolic compounds on the viability of Leishmania tropica promastigotes in vitro. Four tested chemical agents (caffeic acid (CA), ferulic acid (FA), syringic acid (SA) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA)) were used in this study. The viability of Leishmania tropica promastigotes was investigated under five different concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/ml) of each agent after (72 h).

Antiatherosclerotic potential of clopidogrel: antioxidant and anti-inflammatory approaches.

Background: Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and the buildup of lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and cellular debris within the intima of the walls of large and medium size arteries.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of clopidogrel on atherosclerosis progression.

Materials And Methods: A total of 28 local domestic rabbits were assigned to four groups: normal control, atherogenic control, vehicle control, and clopidogrel treated.

Role of NF-κβ and oxidative pathways in atherosclerosis: cross-talk between dyslipidemia and candesartan.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to assess the effect of the candesartan on the progression of atherosclerosis through the downregulation of NF-κβ and interference with oxidative pathway.

Methods: Twenty-four rabbits were assigned to three groups: control group fed normal diet; induced untreated group fed 1% cholesterol diet; and treated candesartan group also fed 1% cholesterol diet. Plasma lipid profiles were measured, and ELISA for plasma cytokines and chemokine was performed.

Vitamin E and telmisartan attenuates doxorubicin induced cardiac injury in rat through down regulation of inflammatory response.

Background: The importance of doxorubicin (Dox), as a potent antitumor antibiotic, is limited by the development of life-threatening cardiomyopathy. It has been shown that free radicals are involved in acute doxorubicin-induced toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of vitamin E and telmisartan in acute doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity.