Animal trypanosomosis eliminated in a major livestock production region in Senegal following the eradication of a tsetse population.

African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) was one of the main disease-related constraints to the development of intensive livestock production systems in the Niayes region of Senegal, a 30 km wide strip of land along the coast between Dakar and Saint-Louis. To overcome this constraint, the Government of Senegal initiated an area-wide integrated pest management programme combining chemical control tactics with the sterile insect technique to eradicate a population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank, 1949 (Diptera, Glossinidae) in this area. The project was implemented following a phased conditional approach, and the target area was divided into three blocks treated sequentially.

Effectiveness of a New Self-Marking Technique in under Laboratory Conditions.

In the implementation of mosquito control strategy programs using Sterile Insect Technique and other rear and release strategies, knowledge on the dispersion, competitiveness and survival of mosquitos is considered essential. To assess these parameters, marking techniques are generally used to differentiate colony mosquitoes from wild ones. Most of the existing mosquito marking methods require numerous manipulations that can impact their quality.

Environmental impact of tsetse eradication in Senegal.

The sterile insect technique is an environment friendly control tactic and is very species specific. It is not a stand-alone technique and has been used mostly in combination with other control tactics within an area-wide integrated pest management strategy. For a period of eight years, the direct impact of a campaign to eradicate a population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis in Senegal was monitored using a set of fruit-feeding insect species (Cetoniinae and Nymphalidae) that served as ecological indicators of the health of the ecosystem.

Chilling, irradiation and transport of male Glossina palpalis gambiensis pupae: Effect on the emergence, flight ability and survival.

Background: The sterile insect technique (SIT) requires mass-rearing of the target species, irradiation to induce sexual sterility and transportation from the mass-rearing facility to the target site. Those treatments require several steps that may affect the biological quality of sterile males. This study has been carried out to evaluate the relative impact of chilling, irradiation and transport on emergence rate, flight ability and survival of sterile male Glossina palpalis gambiensis.

[Viral Hepatitis B: clinical, paraclinical and evolutionary features within the Hepatogastroenterology Department at the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital: about 728 cases].

Viral Hepatitis B is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa accounting for approximately 65 million of chronic carriers and 56.000 deaths per year. Our study aims to investigate the epidemiological paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary features of viral hepatitis B in patients followed up in our Department and to describe their serological profiles.

[An unusual cause of jaundice].

Hepatic impairment is common during hyperthyroidism. It is most often asymptomatic. Hyperthyroidism revealed by jaundice has been rarely described in the literature.

Competitiveness and survival of two strains of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in an urban area of Senegal.

Background: In the Niayes area, located in the west of Senegal, only one tsetse species, Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank (Diptera: Glossinidae) was present. The Government of Senegal initiated and implemented an elimination programme in this area that included a sterile insect technique (SIT) component. The G.

[Stomach cancer: a descriptive study of 101 cases at the gastrointestinal endoscopy center at Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital].

Introduction: Stomach cancer is a real public health problem in Black Africa. We report its epidemiological, endoscopic, and histological aspects, as observed in our gastrointestinal endoscopy center at Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar (Senegal).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study covered the 5-year period from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2010 and included all patients with stomach cancer confirmed by anatomo-pathological examination.

Quality of Sterile Male Tsetse after Long Distance Transport as Chilled, Irradiated Pupae.

Background: Tsetse flies transmit trypanosomes that cause human and African animal trypanosomosis, a debilitating disease of humans (sleeping sickness) and livestock (nagana). An area-wide integrated pest management campaign against Glossina palpalis gambiensis has been implemented in Senegal since 2010 that includes a sterile insect technique (SIT) component. The SIT can only be successful when the sterile males that are destined for release have a flight ability, survival and competitiveness that are as close as possible to that of their wild male counterparts.

Long distance transport of irradiated male Glossina palpalis gambiensis pupae and its impact on sterile male yield.

Background: The application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) requires mass-production of sterile males of good biological quality. The size of the project area will in most cases determine whether it is more cost effective to produce the sterile flies locally (and invest in a mass-rearing facility) or import the sterile flies from a mass-rearing facility that is located in another country. This study aimed at assessing the effect of long distance transport of sterile male Glossina palpalis gambiensis pupae on adult male fly yield.

[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in Dakar, Senegal: study of 55 patients with cirrhosis].

Objectives: To report the prevalence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and its clinical and laboratory features in patients with cirrhosis followed at the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar (Senegal).

Patients And Methods: From May through December, 2010, we prospectively included patients with cirrhosis and a first episode of ascites on clinical examination. Diagnostic abdominal paracentesis was performed in all cases to determine the macroscopic appearance of the fluid, protein concentration, and cell count, and to culture the ascitic fluid in a blood culture bottle.

[Esophageal variceal band ligation in Dakar, Senegal].

After a preliminary study in the gastrointestinal endoscopy center of the Aristide-Le-Dantec Teaching Hospital in Dakar, Senegal, demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices, this procedure entered regular use for management of patients admitted for upper digestive tract bleeding due to these varices. This study sought to assess its effectiveness. Patients and method.

[Endoscopic features of esophageal cancer in Dakar, Senegal: study of 76 observations].

Objective: In response to the lack of cancer register and paucity of publications on esophageal cancer in Senegal, this retrospective descriptive single-center study was undertaken to determine epidemiological, clinical, endoscopic and histological features of the disease at a digestive endoscopy center in Dakar.

Patients And Method: Reports describing upper digestive tract endoscopy procedures performed at the Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital in Dakar between January 2006 and December 2009 were reviewed. Cases involving histologically confirmed esophageal cancer were compiled and patient data including age, sex, and indication for endoscopy as well as endoscopic and histological findings were analyzed.

[Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal lesions in Dakar, Senegal].

Introduction: The bacteriological characteristics of Helicobacter pylori (HP) vary in function of time and place. The aim of this study was to update histological and bacteriological feature of HP infection in patients presenting gastroduodenal lesions in Dakar, Senegal.

Patients And Method: This prospective study included patients with gastroduodenal lesions managed over a 6-month period in a digestive endoscopy center in Dakar.

[Contribution of coloscopy to diagnosis of rectal bleeding in Dakar (Senegal)].

Introduction: Rectal bleeding is a common reason for seeking medical attention and can lead to diagnosis of serious disease. The purpose of this report is to describe lesions discovered by coloscopy in patients assessed for rectal bleeding in Dakar, Senegal.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study was carried out from January 2006 to December 2008 at the Aristide Le Dantec University Medical Center in Dakar.

[Hemorrhoids in Dakar: epidemiological, clinical and endoscopic aspects of 168 cases].

Introduction: haemorrhoidal disease symptoms lead frequently to medical consultation. The aims of our study were to determine its epidemiological, clinical and endoscopic characteristics in Dakar.

Patients And Methods: we conducted a prospective multicentric study in the hospitals and in the private offices with endoscopic unit in Dakar from November 2nd 2003 to July 31 2004.

[Clinical and endoscopic features of solitary rectal ulcer syndrom in the digestive endoscopy unit of Hospital Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar].

Introduction: The solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a rare disease. In Africa only few studies have been held on this subject. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and endoscopic aspects of this syndrome in the digestive endoscopy unit of hospital Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar.