Low Malignancy Rates in Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytologies in a Primary Care Setting in Germany.

Background: Reported results for thyroid nodule fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology mainly originate from tertiary centers. However, thyroid nodule FNA cytology is mainly performed in primary care settings for which the distribution of FNA Bethesda categories and their respective malignancy rates are largely unknown. Therefore, this study investigated FNA cytology malignancy rates of a large primary care setting to determine to what extent current evidence-based strategies for the malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules are applied and applicable in such primary care settings.

Evaluation of a Two-Year Routine Application of Molecular Testing of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspirations Using a Seven-Gene Panel in a Primary Referral Setting in Germany.

Background: Major differences with respect to the diagnostic performance of a "ruling in" approach in the presurgical diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid fine-needle aspirations (FNAs) have been reported. Therefore, the aim of this prospective multicenter study was to investigate the specific diagnostic impact of mutation testing using a seven-gene panel in a routine primary referral setting analyzing FNAs from endocrinology and nuclear medicine practices in Germany.

Methods: RNA and DNA was extracted from 564 routine air-dried FNA smears obtained from 64 physicians and cytologically graded by one experienced cytopathologist.

Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potential therapy for opportunistic microorganisms.

Introduction: Methanolic extracts of six plants (Arbutus andrachne, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Inula viscosa, Origanum syriacum, Punica granatum, and Rosmarinus officinalis) used in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections were evaluated. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of some medicinal plants in lowering the risk of opportunistic infections of the oral cavity caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. Extracts were evaluated separately and in a mixture.

Assessment of a controlled release hydrophilic matrix formulation for metoclopramide HCl.

Metoclopramide HCl showed controlled release behavior when embedded in a hydrophilic matrix of chitosan and sodium alginate. The in vitro release data was found to be first order according to the Higuchi mechanism. An in vivo evaluation of the metoclopramide controlled release matrix on six male volunteers was carried out.