Exploring the role of noncoding RNAs in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and precision medicine.

This review article studies the complex field of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cancer biology, focusing on their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. NcRNAs include circular RNAs (circRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). We discuss how ncRNAs affect gene expression in cancerous cells, the spread of cancer, and metastasis.

The role of low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet in modulating autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in aortic endothelial dysfunction of metabolic syndrome animal model.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is induced by insulin resistance, mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and disturbed autophagy. This study investigates the protective role of a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet on ED, ER stress, and autophagy dysregulation in an experimental animal model of metabolic syndrome.

Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a Control group (standard diet) and three Dexamethasone (DEX) treated groups.

RETRACTED: Alhakamy et al. Ceftriaxone and Melittin Synergistically Promote Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. 2021, 1622.

The journal retracts the article, "Ceftriaxone and Melittin Synergistically Promote Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats" [...

Capsaicin ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis via antioxidant Nrf-2/ PPAR- γ pathway activation and inflammatory TGF-β1/ NF-κB/COX II pathway inhibition.

Bleomycin is an effective antibiotic with a significant anticancer properties, but its use is limited due to its potential to induce dose-dependent pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of Capsaicin as an additional treatment to enhance patient tolerance to Bleomycin compared to the antifibrotic drug Pirfenidone. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in rats through by a single intratracheal Bleomycin administration in day zero, followed by either Capsaicin or Pirfenidone treatment for 7 days.

RETRACTED: Alhakamy et al. Chitosan-Based Microparticles Enhance Ellagic Acid's Colon Targeting and Proapoptotic Activity. 2020, , 652.

The journal retracts the article "Chitosan-Based Microparticles Enhance Ellagic Acid's Colon Targeting and Proapoptotic Activity" [...

Introducing Group Open-Book Exams as a Learning and Assessment Strategy in the Clinical Biochemistry Course for Medical Students.

Background: Teachers constantly strive to obtain reliable and appropriate teaching and assessment methods to maximize the learning experience. This study aimed to introduce combined modified team-based learning and open-book exams (TBL/OBEs) as learning and assessment strategies in clinical biochemistry for medical students and assess students' perceptions.

Methods: Second-year medical students enrolled in the clinical biochemistry course were included in this study and subjected to TBL/OBE assessment.

RETRACTED: Alhakamy et al. Development and Optimization of Luliconazole Spanlastics to Augment the Antifungal Activity against . 2021, , 977.

The journal retracts the article, "Development and Optimization of Luliconazole Spanlastics to Augment the Antifungal Activity against " [...

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A More Effective Biomarker Than Free Fatty Acids and Other Insulin Sensitivity Measures for Predicting Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Saudi Arabian Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is more prevalent among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), elevating their risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and premature mortality. There is a need to modify treatment strategies to prevent or delay these adverse outcomes. Currently, there are no sensitive or specific biomarkers for predicting NAFLD in Saudi T2DM patients.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

(1) Introduction: given the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Saudi Arabia, especially in Jeddah, this study aims to understand the dietary and lifestyle-related risk factors among Jeddah's non-diabetic adults. (2) Material and Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design, non-diabetic adults were sourced from public healthcare centers. Demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits were surveyed.

Molecular Study of the Protective Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet against Brain Insulin Resistance in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome.

Brain insulin resistance is linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS). A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet has been proposed to have a protective effect. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the brain insulin resistance markers in a rat animal model of MetS and the protective effects of the LCHF diet.

The Effect of Chronic Laxative Use on Lipid Profile and HbA1c: A Hospital-Based Retrospective Study.

Background: Laxatives are over-the-counter medications used as a treatment for constipation. The lipid-lowering effect of the long-term use of laxatives has been proposed.

Aim: To investigate the possible impact of the chronic use of laxatives on serum lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

An exploration of binding of Hesperidin, Rutin, and Thymoquinone to acetylcholinesterase enzyme using multi-level computational approaches.

Alzheimer's disease, an intricate neurological disorder, is impacting an ever-increasing number of individuals globally, particularly among the aging population. For several decades phytochemicals were used as Ayurveda to treat both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a widely chosen therapeutic target for the development of early prevention and effective management of neurodegenerative diseases.

Association between laboratory markers and Covid-19 disease severity and outcome: a retrospective cohort study in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: In Saudi Arabia, limited studies have evaluated factors including epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings that are associated with COVID-19 disease. The aim of this paper was to identify laboratory parameters used in King Abdulaziz University Hospital which show an association with disease severity and patient outcome in the form of mortality.

Methods: Age, gender, medical history, and laboratory parameters were all retrospectively assessed concerning disease severity and disease outcome in a total of 111 COVID-19 patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital between July 2020 and August 2020.

Discrimination Power of Short Essay Questions Versus Multiple Choice Questions as an Assessment Tool in Clinical Biochemistry.

Assessment is fundamental to the educational process. Multiple choice questions (MCQs) and short essay questions (SEQs) are the most widely used assessment method in medical school. The current study evaluated the discriminating value of SEQs compared to MCQs as assessment tools in clinical biochemistry and correlated undergraduate students' SEQ scores with their overall scores during the academic years 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.

The Possible Effect of the Long-Term Use of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) on Hba1c and Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study in KAUH, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

(1) Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with serious health complications. T2DM is associated with many chronic illnesses, including kidney failure, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), vision loss, and other related diseases. Obesity is one of the major factors associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

Exploring the Validity of Available Markers and Indices in the Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in People with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common among Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, recommended clinical procedures to detect it are unavailable in many locations. Therefore, better and more available diagnostic biomarkers for NAFLD are needed.

C69T Gene Polymorphism Association with Dysglycemia in Saudi Prediabetic Adults.

Studies suggest that ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 ( C69T) polymorphism is associated with a decreased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and that there is an association between C69T polymorphism and the risk of dyslipidemia in diabetic individuals. However, other studies contradict these suggestions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of C69T (rs1800977) gene polymorphism in a representative sample of the Saudi population not previously diagnosed with diabetes and its possible association with dyslipidemia and dysglycemia.

Association Between Anthropometric Indices and Nonanthropometric Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Saudi Adults.

Context: Waist circumference (WC) is used in screening for metabolic syndrome (MetS) based on its association with cardiometabolic risk. This might apply differently in ethnically different populations. Associations with other measures are also unclear.

Modulation of Dyslipidemia Markers Apo B/Apo A and Triglycerides/HDL-Cholesterol Ratios by Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) risks cardiovascular diseases due to its associated Dyslipidemia. It is proposed that a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet positively ameliorates the MetS and reverses insulin resistance. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protecting effect of the LCHF diet on MetS-associated Dyslipidemia in an experimental animal model.

Development and Evaluation of /Sodium Alginate Nanocomplex Gel as a Long-Acting Formulation for Wound Healing.

The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate the nanocomplex gel (GKNG) as a long-acting formulation for the wound healing potential. Pharmaceutical analysis showed an average particle size of 450.14 ± 36.

The Interplay of Vitamin D Deficiency and Cellular Senescence in The Pathogenesis of Obesity-Related Co-Morbidities.

This scoping review aims to clarify the interplay between obesity, vitamin D deficiency, cellular senescence, and obesity-related metabolic consequences, mainly subclinical atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Obesity is a significant global health problem that involves cellular, environmental, behavioral, and genetic elements. The fundamental cause of obesity throughout all life stages is an energy imbalance, and its consequences are countless and, foremost, very common.

Gender Differences in The Factors associated with Hypertension in Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults-A Cross-Sectional Study.

The association between lifestyle practices, obesity and increased BP are under-investigated. We aimed to investigate this association to identify the factors associated with hypertension and prehypertension in Saudis. Non-diabetic adults were recruited from public healthcare centers using a cross-sectional design.

Updates on Molecular and Biochemical Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the most commonly non-cutaneous diagnosed cancer in men worldwide and occupies a very wide area of preclinical and clinical research. Targeted therapy for any cancer depends on the understanding of the molecular bases and natural behaviour of the diseases. Despite the well-known effect of androgen deprivation on PCa, many patients develop resistance either for antiandrogen therapy or other new treatment modalities such as checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy.

Ceftriaxone and Melittin Synergistically Promote Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats.

High glucose levels in diabetic patients are implicated in delay wound healing that could lead to more serious clinical complications. The aim of the present work was to examine the formulation of ceftriaxone (CTX) and melittin (MEL) as nanoconjugate (nanocomplex)-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (1.5% /)-based hydrogel for healing of acute wounds in diabetic rats.