New application of Orchis mascula as a biocarrier for immobilization of mixed cells for biodegradation and detoxification of reactive azo dyes.

In this study, the application of novel biocarrier Orchis mascula plant for immobilization of non-adapted mixed cells biodegrade reactive azo dyes in aqueous solution was investigated via a sequential anaerobic-aerobic process. Three reactive azo dyes including red (RR2), blue (RB4), and yellow (RY15) were individually used as the target pollutants. Results revealed that the immobilized biocatalysts had a potential degrading efficiency, targeting the initial structure and the formed aromatic/aliphatic compounds, respectively.