Taxonomic Interpretation of Allopatric Mammalian Forms on the Example of Two Karyoforms of Microtus (Terricola) subterraneus (Rodentia, Arvicolinae) from Eastern Europe.

New European pine vole records from the Novgorod, Kaluga, Voronezh, and Belgorod oblasts were studied by sequencing of the mtDNA cytb gene (1143 bp) and by karyotyping (routine staining and G-banding techniques). The results enabled us to summarize chromosome variability of this species throughout Eastern Europe. In the sample studied, two geographically replacing chromosomal forms have been identified: northern, 2n = 54 (Novgorod and Kaluga oblasts), and southern, 2n = 52 (Voronezh and, presumably, Belgorod oblasts).

[Caucasian cryptic species of rodents as models for studying the problem of species and speciation].

The problem of species and speciation is considered using as a model the cryptic species of rodents inhabiting the Caucasus, the mountain chain with prominent altitude environmental gradient and insular pattern of mountain habitats. These circumstances open additional possibilities for the choice of species conception (biological or phylogenetic), exploration of ancestry pathways (sympatric or allopatric speciation) of model cryptic species groups, and testing the 'refuge' hypothesis. As model species, sibling-species Sicista from the group 'caucasica' (a group of unstriped birch mice) and representatives of the vole subspecies Terricola (Microtus, Arvicolinae) were used.

[Spatial structure of natural foci of hantavirus on the territory of Northwestern Caucasus].

For the period from 2001 to 2011 zoological and epizootological studies in more than 100 points of Northwestern Caucasus including territories of Krasnodar Region and Republic of Adygea were carried out. 8723 specimens of small mammals represented by 20 rodent species and 7 insectivorous species were captured and examined. Organs and blood from 5057 specimens of creatures were studied for hantavirus infection.

[Meiosis in gray voles of the subgenus microtus (rodentia, arvicolinae) and in their hybrids].

The results of light and electron microscopic (EM) studies of meiosis in Microtus arvalis males of the karyoform "arvalis" (2n = 46, NFa = 80), in hybrids between the chromosomal forms arvalis and obscurus (2n = 46, NFa = 68), in M. rossiaemeridionalis voles (2n = 54, NFa = 54), and in a hybrid between the species M. rossiaemeridionalis and M.

[On the taxonomic rank of ciscaucasicus and its relationships with the pygmy wood mouse Sylvaemus uralensis inferred from the mtDNA cytochrome b gene sequence].

To specify the taxonomic rank of form ciscaucasoides (independent species Sylvaemus ciscaucasoides, or intraspecific form of pygmy wood mouse, S. uralensis), a 402-bp the mtDNA cytochrome b gene fragment (402 bp) was examined in S. ciscaucasoides individuals from six geographic localities of the Caucasus and Ciscaucasus, (Krasnodar krai and Adygeya Republic) and 17 S.

[Closed intramedullary osteosynthesis of the femur in isolated and combined trauma].

The authors have analysed the results of the treatment of 329 patients with closed diaphyseal fractures of the femur; in 252 of them various types of osteosynthesis have been made. Preference was given to closed osteosynthesis with a massive metal rod and drilling out of the medullary canal of the femur. It is pointed out that with this method of treatment the duration of disability was the lowest possible, and there was no invalidity.

[Treatment of patients with multiple and associated fractures of the long bones].

The authors have studied 266 patients with multiple and associated injuries, 31 of whom were performed a one-stage osteosynthesis in fractures of the bones of the femur (36), the crus (23), the humerus (5) and the forearm (3). Before 1985 the main method of surgical treatment was open intramedullary osteosynthesis with Küntscher-type nails with drilling out of the medullary canal. This method was applied in operating 21 patients with fractures of the femur, 5 patients with fractures of the bones of the crus and 2 patients with fractures of the humerus.

[Treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the crural bones].

Results of the treatment of 878 diaphyseal fractures of the shin are analyzed according to the severity of fractures and methods of treatment. The immobilization method was shown to be preferred for light fractures, closed intramedullary osteosynthesis for fractures of the moderate severity, extrafocal osteosynthesis--for critical fractures. Skeletal traction is expedient for fractures of the moderate severity, whose biomechanical characteristics are not suitable for intramedullary osteosynthesis.

[Closed intramedullar osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures of the crural bones].

An experience with 137 operations of closed intramedullary osteosynthesis of tibial bones with Kuncher pins is analysed. Indications to surgery, technic of osteosynthesis and complications are described. Average terms of patients' incapacity were 130.

[Immunogenetic analysis of the localization of the Y-factor in the mouse genome. I. Study of interspecific F1 hybrids].

Immunogenetic analysis of Y-factor localization in mouse genome was carried out by means of skin grafts. The data obtained indicate to autosomal localization of Y-factor rather than Y-linked one. This leads to the conclusion that Y-factor is a sex-influenced factor, but not a sex-linked one.

[An immunofluorescent study of post-segregational gene action in rats].

Immunofluorescent analysis of the post-segregation effect in mice was carried out. Congenic strains of mice were used. Epididymal sperm of F1 hybrids was studied by means of the indirect method of labelling antibodies with fluoresceine isothiocyanate.