Diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas of asymptomatic intracranial AVMs: A case report and evidence-based review.

First described by Virchow in the 19th century, intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complex, tangle-shaped vascular lesions with a number of associated neuroparenchymal, hemodynamic, and angio-architectural changes. However, the clinical description of extracranial AVMs dates back to the Ebers Papyrus (c. 1500 BC), with a still unknown definitive underlying etiology thus far.

The far lateral approach for intra-dural anteriorly situated tumours at the craniovertebral junction.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of the far lateral approach, without drilling of the occipital condyle, in the management of anterior intradural tumors at the craniocervical junction.

Material And Methods: Ten patients suffering from foramen magnum tumors were operated upon via the far lateral approach without drilling of the occipital condyle. All patients underwent postoperative CT scan of the brain.

Reconstruction of skull base defects in sphenoid wing dysplasia associated with neurofibromatosis I with titanium mesh.

Sphenoid wing dysplasia occurs in 3-7% of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). The typical radiological features are partial or complete absence of the greater wing of the sphenoid. This condition is slowly progressive and may result in temporal lobe herniation into the orbital cavity, producing pulsating exophthalmos and gross facial deformity.

Successful separation of craniopagus parasiticus.

Objective: Craniopagus parasiticus is an extremely rare condition. The first attempt to separate such twins was performed in the Dominican Republic in 2004. The infant died 7 hours after surgery.