Experimental Measurement and Mathematical Quantification of Fixed-Charged Density in Rat and Pig Brain Tissue.

Cerebral edema is associated with poor prognosis because brain swelling within the rigid skull raises intracranial pressure, exacerbating secondary injuries following traumatic brain injury. Brain swelling can be characterized by triphasic biomechanics, which models brain tissue as a mixture of a deformable porous solid matrix with a negative fixed-charged density (FCD), water, and monovalent counterions. When brain cells die, the intracellular FCD is exposed, attracting cations into the cells.

Early onset sepsis: clinical observation or risk factors approach?

Objectives: To compare the perinatal risk factors approach for early-onset sepsis (EOS), which is based on categorical risk stratification, with the clinical observation-based approach, evaluating their impact on laboratory testing frequency, the use of antibiotic therapy, and EOS incidence.

Methods: Retrospective observational study, conducted from November 2021 to March 2022. Newborns (NB) at 34 wk of age were included and clinical data from prenatal care, birth, hospitalization, and laboratory tests were evaluated.

Correction: Boia-Ferreira et al. TCTP from (Brown Spider) Venom Contributes to the Allergic and Inflammatory Response of Cutaneous Loxoscelism. 2019, , 1489.

In the original publication [...

Nesting Biology of Megachile (Chrysosarus) jenseni (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in Two Contrasting Pampean Agroecosystems: A Potential Pollinator for Alfalfa?

Several crops depend on both managed and wild bees to produce fruits and/or seeds, and the efficiency of numerous wild bees is higher than that of some managed species. Therefore, knowing and understanding the required resources for wild bees could enabled the establishment of management practices to increase their populations. Here, we provide information about the nesting biology of Megachile (Chrysosarus) jenseni, a Faboideae-specialist bee species.

Human-Deer Relations during Late Prehistory: The Zooarchaeological Data from Central and Southern Portugal in Perspective.

Human-animal relations have been a fruitful research topic worldwide. The importance of deer in hunter-gatherer societies is undeniable, with cervids being commonly found in archaeological and past artistic records, with a notable amount of information recovered in the Iberian Peninsula. This relevance continues during Late Prehistory, but the attempt to discuss cervids under broader perspectives and based on different types of data is not as common.

Simulating Cerebral Edema and Ischemia After Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma Using Triphasic Swelling Biomechanics.

Poor outcome following traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is associated with the severity of the primary injury and secondary injury including cerebral edema and ischemia. However, the underlying secondary injury mechanism contributing to elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) and high mortality rate remains unclear. Cerebral edema occurs in response to the exposure of the intracellular fixed charge density (FCD) after cell death, causing ICP to increase.

Halofuginone for non-hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 a multicenter, randomized placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. The HALOS trial.

Background: Halofuginone (PJS-539) is an oral prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor that has a potent in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus. The safety and efficacy of halofuginone in Covid-19 patients has not been studied.

Methods: We conducted a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose ranging, safety and tolerability trial of halofuginone in symptomatic (≤ 7 days), mostly vaccinated, non-hospitalized adults with mild to moderate Covid-19.

Long-Term Stability of Light-Induced Ti Defects in TiO Nanotubes for Amplified Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

This study shows that the simple approach of keeping anodic TiO nanotubes at 70 °C in ethanol for 1 h results in improved photoelectrochemical water splitting activity due to initiation of crystallization in the material amplified by the light-induced formation of a Ti -V states under UV 365 nm illumination. For the first time, the light-induced Ti -V states are generated when oxygen is present in the reaction solution and are stable when in contact with air (oxygen) for a long time (two months). We confirmed here that the amorphous or nearly amorphous structure of titania supports the survival of Ti species in contact with oxygen.

Metastatic Melanoma Treatment with Pembrolizumab after Hypersensitivity Reaction to Nivolumab: A Case Report.

Programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab are cornerstones to metastatic melanoma treatment, and they are often considered to be pharmacologically similar and interchangeable when it comes to designing chemotherapy regimens. In this case report, we describe a patient who had consistent immune reactions to nivolumab infusion but was able to tolerate pembrolizumab, without any reactions, when given hydrocortisone premedication. This case demonstrates a successful transition from one PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor to another with resolution of infusion-related reactions in a patient undergoing treatment for metastatic melanoma.

Region-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Human Brain Tissue Under Large Deformations Using Inverse Finite Element Modeling.

This study aims to facilitate intracranial simulation of traumatic events by determining the mechanical properties of different anatomical structures of the brain. Our experimental indentation paradigm used fresh, post-operative human tissue, which is highly advantageous in determining mechanical properties without being affected by postmortem time. This study employed an inverse finite element approach coupled with experimental indentation data to characterize mechanical properties of the human hippocampus (CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus), cortex white matter, and cortex grey matter.

Sertraline as a potential cancer therapeutic approach: Biological relevance of TCTP in breast cancer cell lines and tumors.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the role of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP) in breast cancer (BC) and investigate the effects of sertraline, a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), on BC cells. The objective was to assess the potential of sertraline as a therapeutic agent in BC treatment by examining its ability to inhibit TCTP expression and exert antitumor effects.

Material And Methods: We utilized five different BC cell lines representing the molecular heterogeneity and distinct subtypes of BC, including luminal, normal-like, HER2-positive, and triple-negative BC.

Three-Dimensional Impression of Biomaterials for Alveolar Graft: Scoping Review.

Craniofacial bone defects are one of the biggest clinical challenges in regenerative medicine, with secondary autologous bone grafting being the gold-standard technique. The development of new three-dimensional matrices intends to overcome the disadvantages of the gold-standard method. The aim of this paper is to put forth an in-depth review regarding the clinical efficiency of available 3D printed biomaterials for the correction of alveolar bone defects.

Region-Dependent Viscoelastic Properties of Human Brain Tissue Under Large Deformations.

This study characterizes the mechanical properties of human brain tissue resected during the course of surgery under multistep indentation loading up to 30% strain. The experimental characterization using fresh, post-operative, human brain tissue is highly advantageous since postmortem times can affect its biomechanical behavior. Although the quasilinear theory of viscoelasticity (QLV) approach has been widely used to model brain tissue mechanical properties, our analysis concluded that the linear viscoelastic approach provided a better fit to the experimental data overall.

Surgical Decompression of the Orbit due to Frontal Bone and Roof of the Orbit Fractures - A Case Report.

Trauma in the face region has a very varied etiology and can be associated with several important structures. Isolated fractures in the orbit region correspond to about 4 to 16% of all facial fractures and this incidence increases to 30 to 55% if we take into account fractures that expand to extraorbital regions. The present clinical report aims to describe the case of a male patient, 21-years-old, victim of a motorcycle accident with facial trauma and traumatic brain injury due to frontal collision.

Pyogenic Ventriculitis Associated with Urosepsis: A Rare Case Report.

Unlabelled: Pyogenic ventriculitis is an infection of the cerebral ventricles usually associated with neurosurgery or head trauma. There are less than 10 reported cases of community-acquired pyogenic ventriculitis in adults. We present the case of a 71-year-old man with a medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hospitalized due to urosepsis caused by Because he had a fluctuant level of consciousness, he underwent magnetic resonance imaging that diagnosed pyogenic ventriculitis.

TCTP from (Brown Spider) Venom Contributes to the Allergic and Inflammatory Response of Cutaneous Loxoscelism.

LiTCTP is a toxin from the Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP) family identified in brown spider venoms. These proteins are known as histamine-releasing factors (HRF). TCTPs participate in allergic and anaphylactic reactions, which suggest their potential role as therapeutic targets.

Simulating cerebral edema and delayed fatality after traumatic brain injury using triphasic swelling biomechanics.

: Contemporary finite element (FE) models, like that from the Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC), have been useful for developing safety systems to reduce the severity of injuries in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), including traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, not all injury occurs during the MVC. Cerebral edema after TBI contributes to mortality by increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) and preventing adequate cerebral blood supply.

Prediction of probability of fatality due to brain injury in traffic accidents.

Fatal brain injuries result from physiological changes in brain tissues, subsequent to primary damage caused by head impact. Although efforts have been made in past studies to estimate the probability of brain injury, none of them involved prediction of such physiological changes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the fatality prediction capability of a novel approach that predicts an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) due to primary head injury to estimate the fatality rate using clinical data that correlate ICP with fatality rate.

XEN implant and trabeculectomy medium-term quality of life assessment and comparison of results.

Aim: To evaluate and compare the quality of life of patients submitted to XEN implant or trabeculectomy and the relationship with potentially involved variables.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with advanced open-angle glaucoma who underwent implantation of XEN (group 1) and trabeculectomy (group 2) between October 2015 and February 2017. The studied variables were: age, gender, follow-up time, need of topical anti-hypertensive therapy, visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP).

Chronic lacrimal canaliculitis - the answer to a three-year history of red eye.

Chronic lacrimal canaliculitis is a rare infection of the lacrimal system, and can lead to misdiagnosis due to its overlapping presentation to other common entities. The authors report a case of lacrimal canaliculitis with a three-year history of recurrent unilateral red eye and mucopurulent discharge. Here, we describe the clinical course, surgical details, and microbial analysis of canaliculitis infection.

Effects of the Blob on settlement of spotted sand bass, Paralabrax maculatofasciatus, to Mission Bay, San Diego, CA.

The West Coast of the United States experienced variable and sometimes highly unusual oceanographic conditions between 2012 and 2015. In particular, a warm mass of surface water known as the Pacific Warm Anomaly (popularly as "The Blob") impinged on southern California in 2014, and warm-water conditions remained during the 2015 El Niño. We examine how this oceanographic variability affected delivery and individual characteristics of larval spotted sand bass (Paralabrax maculatofasciatus) to an estuarine nursery habitat in southern California.

TCTP as a therapeutic target in melanoma treatment.

Background: Translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP) is an antiapoptotic protein highly conserved through phylogeny. Translationally controlled tumour protein overexpression was detected in several tumour types. Silencing TCTP was shown to induce tumour reversion.

Photoelectrochemical activity on Ga-polar and N-polar GaN surfaces for energy conversion.

Hydrogen generation through direct photoelectrolysis of water was studied using photoelectrochemical cells made of different facets of free-standing polar GaN system. To build the fundamental understanding at the differences of surface photochemistry afforded by the GaN {0001}and {000-1}polar surfaces, we correlated the relationship between the surface structure and photoelectrochemical performance on the different polar facets. The photoelectrochemical measurements clearly revealed that the Ga-polar surface had a more negative onset potential relative to the N-polar surface due to the much negative flat-band potential.

Isolation, structure elucidation and antibacterial activity of a new tetramic acid, ascosetin.

The ever-increasing bacterial resistance to clinical antibiotics is making many drugs ineffective and creating significant treatment gaps. This can be only circumvented by the discovery of antibiotics with new mechanisms of action. We report here the identification of a new tetramic acid, ascosetin, from an Ascomycete using the Staphylococcus aureus fitness test screening method.

Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of altersolanol P using Staphylococcus aureus fitness test based genome-wide screening.

Bacteria continue to evade existing antibiotics by acquiring resistance by various mechanisms, leading to loss of antibiotic effectiveness. To avoid an epidemic from infections of incurable drug-resistant bacteria, new antibiotics with new modes of action are desperately needed. Using a genome-wide mechanism of action-guided whole cell screening approach based on antisense Staphylococcus aureus fitness test technology, we report herein the discovery of altersolanol P (1), a new tetrahydroanthraquinone from an unknown fungus from the Hypocreales isolated from forest litter collected in Puerto Rico.