Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia is a Risk Factor for Surgical-Site Infections in Nondiabetic Patients with Open Leg Fractures.

Background: Nondiabetic patients with open leg fractures who have elevated blood glucose levels on arrival in the emergency department have an increased risk of surgical-site infections (SSIs).

Objective: This study evaluates the association between the incidence of SSIs in nondiabetic patients with an open leg fracture and blood glucose levels registered on arrival in the ER. We also analyzed the correlation between patients' days of hospital stay and the incidence of SSIs and the time elapsed between the damage control with external fixation and final fixation and the incidence of SSI.

Impact of Immuno-Nutrition on the Nutritional Status, Inflammatory Response and Clinical Outcome of Clinic-Admitted Mild-Intensity-COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot, Perspective-Concluding Study.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impacted our lives since early 2020. Both malnutrition and an overweight status significantly correlate with worse patient outcomes and mortality. Immuno-nutrition (IN) has shown promising results in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) clinical course and the extubation time and mortality of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).

Discharge prescribing and subsequent opioid use after traumatic musculoskeletal injury.

Objective: To investigate the effects of discharge opioid supply after surgery for musculoskeletal injury on subsequent opioid use.

Study Design: Instrumental variables analysis of retrospective administrative data.

Methods: Data were acquired on 1039 patients treated operatively for a musculoskeletal injury between 2011 and 2015 at 2 level I trauma centers.

The Dynamic Effect of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency on Patellar Height.

Background: The anterior tibial translation (ATT) in case of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tear can lead to dynamic alterations of the extensor apparatus biomechanics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dynamic effect of isolated ACL deficiency on patellar height. The hypothesis is that the ATT of ACL-insufficient knees dynamically reduces patellar height.

Clinical and radiographic outcomes after total hip arthroplasty with the NANOS neck preserving hip stem: a 10 to 16-year follow-up study.

Background: Short-stem Hip Arthroplasty (SHA) are increasingly implanted in recent years thanks to their potential advantage in preserving metaphyseal bone-stock. Among them, the NANOS® short-stem implant demonstrated satisfactory results to short and mid-term. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of the Nanos® short stem at a minimum follow-up of 10 years.

From Pre- and Probiotics to Post-Biotics: A Narrative Review.

Background And Aims: gut microbiota (GM) is a complex ecosystem containing bacteria, viruses, fungi, and yeasts. It has several functions in the human body ranging from immunomodulation to metabolic. GM derangement is called dysbiosis and is involved in several host diseases.

Isolated Apophyseal Avulsion of the Greater Trochanter Treated by Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis: A Case Report.

Isolated apophyseal avulsion of the greater trochanter is a rare condition in the paediatric population, frequently related to avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Since there are few cases in the literature, there is no consensus regarding the best treatment of this injury. Our study describes the case of a 9-year-old patient with an avulsion of the right greater trochanter.

Thoracic spine fracture associated with an extradural lipoma: Case report and systematic review of the literature.

Isolated extradural lipoma (IEL), not associated to spinal dysraphisms, is a rare condition. Frequently IEL was confused with much more frequent diffuse lipomatosis. The lesion can be completely asymptomatic and occasionally diagnosed with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Efficacy of postoperative drainage in total knee arthroplasty: Review of the literature.

Postoperative drainage after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an established routine procedure for orthopedic surgeries, and is considered a useful practice in postoperative, but the use of drainage is controversial. Our study aims to clarify this aspect of knee prosthetic surgery. A systematic review of the literature was performed in the electronic databases to investigate the risks and the benefits of wound drainage in total knee arthroplasty: 30 articles were included in our review for eligibility.

Predictable risk factors for infections in proximal femur fractures.

Proximal femur fractures are increasing, together with the aging of world population. One of the complications worsening this condition is infection. In this study, we try to identify risk factors that can lead to infection.

Effects of sagittal tibial osteotomy on frontal alignment of the knee and patellar height.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic effect of sagittal tibial osteotomy (STO), flexion tibial osteotomy (FTO) and deflexion tibial osteotomy (DTO) around the knee. It has been hypothesized that proximal STO modifies patellar height and could cause varus/valgus changes of the anatomical tibial axis: The purpose of the study was to verify this and to analyse these modifications.

Method: Patients underwent proximal STO in our department between 2007 and 2018: overall 28 consecutive patients (19 males, 9 females; 28 knees).

Vascular endothelial growth factor expression as a biomarker of prognosis in patients with chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma. Current concepts.

With the advent of the molecularly targeted therapies, identifying molecular therapeutic targets and molecolar marker is increasingly important, especially in neoplastic diseases. Several studies show VEGF is involved in neo-angiogenesis in many solid cancers, as breast, lung, renal, gastric carcinomas, through promoting endothelial cell growth and migration. Conversely the relationship between VEFG and tumours of the musculoskeletal system is yet unclear, in particular the role of VEGF has not yet been completely understood in these tumours.

Using Historical Variation in Opioid Prescribing Immediately After Fracture Surgery to Guide Maximum Initial Prescriptions.

Objectives: Recent studies have advocated for prescription opioid maximums (based on percentage reductions from historical amounts) to reduce excess prescribing. Implementing this in orthopaedic trauma has been difficult, given the injury variety and limited historical data on postoperative prescribing. We report on the initial opioid prescriptions for a large cohort of postoperative, opiate-naive fracture patients and hypothesize that prescribing was associated with fracture location and morphology.

Prescription Opioid Type and the Likelihood of Prolonged Opioid Use After Orthopaedic Surgery.

Introduction: A common belief is that some narcotic medications have a higher association with prolonged use. We assessed whether the initial opiate type prescribed to postoperative, opiate-naive orthopaedic trauma patients was associated with prolonged opioid use.

Methods: We studied 17,961 adult, opiate-naive patients treated for a surgical musculoskeletal injury.

Effect of different sanitizers against Zygosaccharomyces rouxii.

Microbial contamination is a problem in food industry. The effects produced by the metabolic activity of yeasts are diverse. If they are found in high numbers it might affect the organoleptic quality of the product.

Mycoflora study in a wheat flour mill of Argentina.

wheat conditioning, milling and screening, and filling zone, as well as, raw material -wheat-, intermediate product -grits- and end product -flour- on day 1, and after cleaning improvements -days 45 and 90- were studied in an Argentine wheat mill. Samples were incubated at 28°C for 5-7 days on Malt Extract Agar with chloramphenicol (100 mg L(-1)) and the results were expressed in colony forming units per cubic meter of air (CFU m(-3)) or per gram of sample (CFU g(-1)), respectively. Fungal genera and species were isolated and identified and the potential toxicogenic capacity of the Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum isolated was studied.

Fungal diversity and natural occurrence of fusaproliferin, beauvericin, deoxynivalenol and nivalenol in wheat cultivated in Santa Fe Province, Argentina.

The Fusarium diversity and the mycobiota associated with moldy wheat kernels from Santa Fe province, Argentine, was assessed. The wheat cultivated area in Santa Fe province is divided according to agrometeorological conditions into two zones: Zone I (north-central) and Zone II (south). The natural occurrence of Fusarium toxins BEA, FUP, DON and NIV was also determined.

Influence of environmental factors on airborne fungi in houses of Santa Fe City, Argentina.

This study investigated concentration and types of airborne fungi spores of indoor air. Forty nine houses of Santa Fe city (Argentina) were examined during one year. This city is characterized by a warm climate with an annual mean temperature of 18.

Inhibitory activity of phosphates on molds isolated from foods and food processing plants.

Six commercial phosphates were evaluated for inhibition of the growth of 17 molds isolated from food sources. The assays were performed at neutral and natural (without pH adjustment) pH values, and the molds were streaked on plate count agar with added phosphates. Phosphate concentrations of 0.

Inhibitory effects of some spice essential oils on Aspergillus ochraceus NRRL 3174 growth and ochratoxin A production.

Inhibitory effects of essential oils of oregano (Origanum vulgare), mint (Menta arvensis), basil (Ocimum basilicum), sage (Salvia officinalis) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum), on the mycelial growth and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus ochraceus NRRL 3174 were studied. Cultures were incubated on yeast extract-sucrose (YES) broth, at concentrations of 0, 500, 750 and 1000 p.p.

Soccer players under regular training show oxidative stress but an improved plasma antioxidant status.

Physical activity is known to induce oxidative stress in individuals subjected to intense exercise. In this study, we investigated the lipoprotein profile and the plasma antioxidant status in a group of soccer players engaged in a regular training programme. As was expected for aerobic exercise, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL3-C levels were significantly increased in the sportsmen (P<0.

Octreotide long-term treatment in patients with portal hypertension: persistent inhibition of postprandial glucagon response without major changes in renal function.

Background/aims: Octreotide acutely decreases splanchnic blood flow and postprandial portal pressure in patients with portal hypertension. Inhibition of glucagon release parallels the hemodynamic changes. We studied the hormonal and renal effects of long-term treatment with octreotide (100 microg s.