Letrozole clomiphene citrate in Sudanese patients with infertility secondary to polycystic ovary syndrome.

Unlabelled: PCOS is a cluster of metabolic, hormonal, and environmental factors coupled with infertility in patients within reproductive age. This cross-sectional study compared letrozole (LTZ) Clomiphene citrate (CC) as ovulation inducers in infertile Sudanese patients with PCOS. Follicles ≥18 mm and pregnancy tests were used for comparison.

Acne Vulgaris Relapse in Sudanese Patients Treated with Oral Isotretinoin: Rate and Predictive Factors.

Purpose: Acne vulgaris is a skin disorder primarily affecting teenagers and young adults. Acne relapse is the main drawback of oral isotretinoin (OI), which is the golden therapy for severe acne. This study aimed to assess the rate and predictive factors of acne relapse among Sudanese patients using OI.

Mycetoma management and clinical outcomes: the Mycetoma Research Center experience.

Background: Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that affects the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues, leading to gruesome complications if not treated early. As a neglected disease, it has received scant attention in developing curable drugs. Mycetoma treatment is still based on expert opinions in the absence of guidelines.

Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease in Sudan: Complications and Management.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a life-threatening genetic disorder due to the formation of sickle hemoglobin molecule (HbS) that polymerizes in hypoxic conditions leading to SCD-related complications. Different approaches have been used in the management of SCD including symptomatic management, supportive management, and preventive management.

Objectives: To assess the management of SCD in pediatric patients in Gaafar Ibnauf Referral Hospital in Khartoum locality, Sudan.

Therapeutic outcomes evaluation of adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy for non-healing diabetic foot ulcers among sudanese patients.

Background And Aims: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common complications of diabetes that frequently lead to amputation and disability. Despite some promising results in using hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for DFUs treatment, its efficacy is still debatable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of adjuvant HBOT in non-healing DFUs treatment.

Drug use evaluation of cefepime at Khartoum North Teaching Hospital in Sudan.

Background: Cefepime is essentially used for life-threatening infections. Although overutilisation of antibiotics is strongly discouraged around the world, they are still overused in developing countries including Sudan.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the rational use of cefepime at Khartoum North Teaching Hospital-Sudan.

The incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit in Sudan.

Background There is a paucity of studies in acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit, particularly in Sudan. Objectives The current study has estimated the incidence; risk factors and outcomes of subjects with acute kidney injury developed during admission to the intensive care unit at Fedail Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. Methodology This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the intensive care unit during the period from July 2018 to June 2019.

Ameliorative activity of Adansonia digitata fruit on high sugar/high fat diet-simulated Metabolic Syndrome model in male Wistar rats.

Metabolic syndrome is a complex of metabolic disorders characterized by oxidative stress which compromises cell functions and entails multiple organs pathologies. We investigated the therapeutic and protective potential of Adansonia digitata fruit -a potent antioxidant- in high sugar/high fat diet-simulated metabolic syndrome in Wistar rats. 42 male rats (140-200 g) were randomly divided into 7 groups.

Isolation and Characterization of Four Terpenoidal Compounds with Potential Antimicrobial Activity from L. (Asteraceae).

Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the isolation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of isolated compounds from

Materials And Methods: Bioactive compounds such as trifloculoside, parthenolide (sesquiterpene lactones), lupeol, and erythrodiol (pentacyclic triterpens) were isolated from -hexane extract of , and their antimicrobial activity against , , , and was evaluated. The compounds were characterized using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.

Results: Trifloculoside, lupeol, and erythrodiol are being reported for the first time from The isolated compounds sesquiterpens and lupeol exhibited prodigious antimicrobial activity against and with minimum inhibitory concentration values in the range of 25-1000 µg/mL but no activity was observed against other tested organisms, and erythrodiol showed no antimicrobial activity against any of the tested organisms.

Impact of clinical pharmacist intervention in anticoagulation clinic in Sudan.

Background Many trials have compared anticoagulation management provided by a pharmacist led anticoagulation clinic versus usual physician care showing the role for clinical pharmacist in the management of anticoagulant therapy, and demonstrating excellent outcomes. In Sudan, there is no published research evaluating the role of pharmacist in providing pharmaceutical care for patients taking warfarin. Objective The objective of the study is to assess the role of clinical pharmacist intervention in warfarin patients compared to usual medical care.

Prophylactic ceftizoxime for elective cesarean delivery at Soba Hospital, Sudan.

Background: A prophylactic antibiotic is recommended to reduce infection-related complication following cesarean delivery. There is a current debate on the time of prophylactic antibiotic in cesarean delivery.

Methods: An opened randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted at Soba hospital, Sudan to investigate the timing (pre-incision or after clamping of the umbilical cord) of ceftizoxime for elective cesarean delivery.

Differential modulation of the cytokine-induced MMP-9/TIMP-1 protease-antiprotease system by the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin.

The mTOR-inhibitor rapamycin is a potent drug used in many immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory therapeutic regimes. In renal transplantation despite its beneficial roles rapamycin in some cases can promote renal fibrosis in the kidney but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we tested for possible modulatory effects of rapamycin on the cytokine-triggered matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 protease-antiprotease system which is critically involved in renal inflammation and fibrosis.

Rapamycin induces the TGFbeta1/Smad signaling cascade in renal mesangial cells upstream of mTOR.

The mTOR kinase inhibitor rapamycin (sirolimus) is a drug with potent immunosuppressive and antiproliferative properties. We found that rapamycin induces the TGFbeta/Smad signaling cascade in rat mesangial cells (MC) as depicted by the nuclear translocation of phospho-Smads 2, -3 and Smad-4, respectively. Concomitantly, rapamycin increases the nuclear DNA binding of receptor (R)- and co-Smad proteins to a cognate Smad-binding element (SBE) which in turn causes an increase in profibrotic gene expression as exemplified by the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1).