Evaluation of the Content of Aquaporin-5 and Epithelial Sodium Channel in the Lungs of Rats during the Development of Toxic Pulmonary Edema Caused by Intoxication with Acylating Pulmonotoxicants.

We studied the content of aquaporin-5 (AQP) and epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in rat lungs during the development of toxic pulmonary edema (TPE) caused by intoxication with phosgene and perfluoroisobutylene (1.5 LC). The lung body weight index (LBI) was calculated and histological examination of the lung tissues was performed.

Ultrastructural Changes in the Air-Blood Barrier of Rats in Acute Intoxication with Furoplast Pyrolysis Products.

Rats were exposed to fluoroplast-4 pyrolysis products (sample weight 2.6 g, pyrolysis temperature 440-750°C, pyrolysis duration 4 min) containing perfluoroisobutylene over 15 min. Lung tissue samples for histological and electron microscopic examination were isolated in 3 and 30 min after intoxication and processed routinely.

Mechanisms of Pulmonary Toxicity of Perfluoro-n-Alkane Pyrolysis Products with Consideration of the Structural Features of the Blood-Air Barriers.

Perfluoroisobutylene a is pulmonotoxic chemical generated during pyrolysis of perfluoro-nalkanes (polytetrafluoroethylene). The mechanisms of acute pulmonary toxicity induced by perfluoroisobutylene have not been studied yet. The analysis of tissues of brown frogs showed that the products of polytetrafluoroethylene pyrolysis induce typical inflammatory response in the lungs (fluid accumulation, erythrocyte stasis, desquamation of the epithelium, and capillary plethora in lung septa) and oropharyngeal cavity (degeneration of ciliated epithelium, hyperemia of underlying vessels with plasmatic imbibition of the connective tissue, and margination of segmented leukocytes and monocytes).

[Actual issues of an improvement of the medical aid delivery system in case of acute radiopathology in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation].

Actual issues of an improvement of the medical aid delivery system in case of acute radiopathology in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The article provides information on characteristics of the stage system of medical aid delivery in case of acute radiologic traumas. The authors formulated main directions of improvement of the system under modern conditions.

Assessment of Functional Disturbances in the Central Nervous System Caused by Severe Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Rats.

An experimental model was developed for assessment of disturbances in CNS functions of laboratory animals caused by severe carbon monoxide poisoning. Normalization of the state of experimental rats after acute poisoning was accompanied by the development of cognitive abnormalities. Disturbances in the long-term memory were observed on days 1 and 14 after CO poisoning, while abnormalities in the short-term memory developed on days 1, 7, and 14.

[Experimental Evaluation of Radioprotective Efficacy of Synthetic Genistein on Criteria of Glutathione System and Lipid Peroxidation in Erythrocytes of Peripheral Blood in Irradiated Rats].

The study was aimed to evaluate experimentally the radioprotective effectiveness of synthetic genistein in terms of the glutathione system and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes of irradiated rats. The animals were exposed to single acute X-ray irradiation at a dose of 6 Gy. Genistein was administered intraperitoneally at 200 mg/kg 1 hour before radiation exposure.

[Consequences learned from the use of chemical weapons during the First World War for the modern military medicine].

The article describes the way medical service dealed with problems resulted from the use of chemical weapons during the First World War (1914-1918). It was revealed that many of the abovementioned problems remain unsolved up to the present moment. It is stated the existence of the threat of use of chemical weapons in modem military conflicts, which expands the area of responsibility for medical chemical protection.

[Chemicals as fire damaging factor].

The article provides an overview of published scientific data about toxic chemical compounds formed during thermal degradation of various materials. In case of fire the complex of physical and chemical factors affect the human, along with injuries, thermal burns of the skin and respiratory tract there is a lack of oxygen in the inspired air and the impact of thermal degradation products. The greatest number of deaths in.

[The experimental evaluation of antiradiation effectiveness of genistein by survival rates and bone marrow hemopoiesis of mice irradiated by X-rays].

The study was aimed at evaluating the radioprotective effectiveness of genistein administered at different times before or after acute irradiation. Evaluation ofradioprotective efficiency was performed by studying the 30-day survival rate, life expectancy, bone marrow hemapoiesis using the method of endogenous and exogenous colony formation. We have established that genistein at a dose of 200 mg/kg when administered 1 hour prior to irradiation has the highest radioprotective efficiency.

Evaluation of the neurological status in experimental acute alcohol intoxication.

Approaches to evaluation of the severity of neurological disorders in animals with experimental acute severe alcohol intoxication were developed. Using the method of statistical analysis, we selected criteria, which can be used for evaluation of the severity of inhibition of the nervous system in studies of the alcoholism pathogenesis and for improvement of methods for correction of severe intoxication at the preclinical stage of drug efficiency evaluation.

[Prophylaxis and medical care in poisoning by toxic burning products].

Poising by toxic burning products are possible as in conditions of battle, so in daily actions of troops. Sanitarian-hygienic arrangements and prohibitive measure, using of filtrating respirator with a complex of supplementary workholder or isolating respirator are necessary to prevent cases of poising. On occasion of poising, success of the treatment depends on timeliness of providing of the first aid and on speed of patient evacuation in hospital.

[The glutathione-dependent antioxidant system in rats during acute intoxication by hydrazine].

Intensity of lipid peroxidation in the liver, kidney and brain tissues, and functioning of the glutathione system were studied in purebred rats after acute intoxication by 1.1-dimethyl hydrazine at the dose of 104.5 mg/kg of body mass (LD50) and phenyl hydrazine at the dose of 170 mg/kg of body mass (LD50).