Identification of Mammaliicoccus fleurettii as the source of a methicillin-resistant gene in a First Nation reserve lake in Manitoba, Canada.

Our study aimed to identify the bacterial source of a previously detected mobile antibiotic-resistant gene, , found in a lake that serves as a source to a water treatment plant operated by a First Nation reserve. Three methicillin-resistant presumptive spp. isolated from the sample using selective media were verified as positive by PCR.

Antibiotic use prior to attending a large diarrheal disease hospital among preschool children suffering from bloody or non-bloody diarrhea: A cross-sectional study conducted in Bangladesh.

Background: Among diarrheal children, injudicious use of antibiotics is a major public health concern particularly in low- and middle-income countries. There are evidence-based guidelines by the World Health Organization (WHO) to prescribe antibiotics for bloody diarrhea in children. There is a scarcity of published data regarding the judicious use of antibiotics for bloody diarrhea in children.

Impact of Postpartum Hospital Length-of-Stay on Infant Gut Microbiota: A Comprehensive Analysis of Vaginal and Caesarean birth.

Background: The primary concern with prolonged hospitalization following birth is the risk of acquiring hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) caused by opportunistic bacteria, which can alter the early establishment of gut microbiota.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between postpartum hospital length-of-stay (LOS) and the composition of gut microbiota at 3 and 12 months of age according to birth mode.

Methods: A total of 1313 Canadian infants from the CHILD Cohort Study were involved in this study.

Limited Biomarker Potential for IgG Autoantibodies Reactive to Linear Epitopes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or Spondyloarthropathy.

Background: Autoantibodies are commonly used as biomarkers in autoimmune diseases, but there are limitations. For example, autoantibody biomarkers have poor sensitivity or specificity in systemic lupus erythematosus and do not exist in the spondyloarthropathies, impairing diagnosis and treatment. While autoantibodies suitable for strong biomarkers may not exist in these conditions, another possibility is that technology has limited their discovery.

Nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy in Ghana.

Background: Limited knowledge on nutritional epidemiology in Ghanaian children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) necessitates a comprehensive investigation for an improved understanding of malnutrition in this population.

Objectives: We aimed to describe the epidemiology of malnutrition among children with CP in Ghana.

Methods: The study used data collected as part of the Ghana CP Register (GCPR).

Altered Mental Status in an Octogenarian: How Frequently Should Serotonin Syndrome Be Considered?

Serotonin toxicity, an adverse consequence of elevated serotonin levels in the brain, poses a considerable threat to life. Antidepressants, frequently prescribed for various conditions in older adults, such as depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, significantly contribute to this risk. The elderly are particularly vulnerable due to multiple comorbidities, cognitive decline, medication interactions, polypharmacy, and chronic kidney disease.

Macrophage extracellular traps require peptidylarginine deiminase 2 and 4 and are a source of citrullinated antigens bound by rheumatoid arthritis autoantibodies.

Introduction: Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis, but the sources of citrullinated antigens as well as which peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are required for their production remain incompletely defined. Here, we investigated if macrophage extracellular traps (METs) could be a source of citrullinated proteins bound by APCAs, and if their formation requires PAD2 or PAD4.

Methods: Thioglycolate-induced peritoneal macrophages from wild-type, PAD2, and PAD4 mice or human peripheral blood-derived M1 macrophages were activated with a variety of stimulants, then fixed and stained with DAPI and either anti-citrullinated histone H4 (citH4) antibody or sera from ACPA+ or ACPA- rheumatoid arthritis subjects.

A Comparison of Normalization Techniques for Individual Baseline-Free Estimation of Absolute Hypovolemic Status Using a Porcine Model.

Hypovolemic shock is one of the leading causes of death in the military. The current methods of assessing hypovolemia in field settings rely on a clinician assessment of vital signs, which is an unreliable assessment of hypovolemia severity. These methods often detect hypovolemia when interventional methods are ineffective.

Bacterial diversity and resistome analysis of drinking water stored in cisterns from two First Nations communities in Manitoba, Canada.

The microbiological content of water is an ongoing concern in First Nations communities in Canada. Many communities lack water treatment plants and continue to be under drinking water advisories. However, lack of access to treatment plants is only a part of the problem as poor water distribution systems also contribute to the failure to provide safe drinking water.

Adoption of green supply chain management in developing countries: role of consumer cooperation, eco-design, and green marketing.

This study investigates the influence of consumer cooperation, eco-design, and green marketing on the adoption of green supply chain management in developing countries. The mediating role of innovation in this relationship is also examined. A survey method was employed, using a questionnaire adapted from previous studies.

The developmental potential of mature oocytes derived from rescue in vitro maturation.

Objective: To examine the developmental competence of immature oocytes in stimulated cycles, that matured after rescue in vitro maturation (IVM) compared with their sibling in vivo matured oocytes.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: IVF clinic.

First report of bacterial panicle blight (BPB) in Rice caused by in Bangladesh.

Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) has become one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide and and are two major pathogens causing BPB (1). This disease causes several types of damage, most importantly grain spotting, rot, and panicle blight, which can result in yield losses of 75% or more (1,3). In recent years, symptoms including sheath rot, grain spotting, grain rot, and panicle blight have been observed in both inbred and hybrid rice varieties.

Native Induced the Defense-Related Enzymes and Genes in Rice against pv. ().

The application of is a form of biological control that has been effective in combating pv. , the causative agent of the devastating disease known as bacterial blight of rice. In this present study, four strains of viz.

Bacterial Production of Recombinant Coagulation Factor VIII Domains.

Factor VIII (F8) is a blood coagulation protein prearranged in six domains, and its deficiency causes hemophilia A. To fashion functional F8 therapeutics, development of a recombinant F8 (rF8) domain is essential not only for F8 substitution, but also to decipher the F8-related mechanisms. In this study, we generated Glutathione S-transferase (GST)-conjugated recombinant A2 and A3 domains of F8 using .

Measurement of the ν_{e}-Nucleus Charged-Current Double-Differential Cross Section at ⟨E_{ν}⟩=2.4 GeV Using NOvA.

The inclusive electron neutrino charged-current cross section is measured in the NOvA near detector using 8.02×10^{20} protons-on-target in the NuMI beam. The sample of GeV electron neutrino interactions is the largest analyzed to date and is limited by ≃17% systematic rather than the ≃7.

Deep learning based diagnostic quality assessment of choroidal OCT features with expert-evaluated explainability.

Various vision-threatening eye diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) are caused due to the dysfunctions manifested in the highly vascular choroid layer of the posterior segment of the eye. In the current clinical practice, screening choroidal structural changes is widely based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Accordingly, to assist clinicians, several automated choroidal biomarker detection methods using OCT images are developed.

SUpporting People in extreme POverty with Rehabilitation and Therapy (SUPPORT CP): A trial among families of children with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh.

Aim: To test the efficacy of an integrated microfinance/livelihood and community-based rehabilitation (IMCBR) programme in improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and motor function of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and gain in social capital to their ultra-poor families in rural Bangladesh.

Method: This was an open-label cluster randomized control trial. Children with CP aged 5 years or under were randomly allocated to three arms; Arm A: IMCBR; Arm B: community-based rehabilitation (CBR); and Arm C: care-as-usual.

Quantitative Assessment of First Nations Drinking Water Distribution Systems for Detection and Prevalence of Thermophilic Species.

Water is considered a major route for transmitting human-associated pathogens. Although microbial water quality indicators are used to test for the presence of waterborne pathogens in drinking water, the two are poorly correlated. The current study investigates the prevalence of thermophilic DNA markers specific for spp.

Anti-membrane Antibodies Persist at Least One Year and Discriminate Between Past Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Vaccination.

Background: The consequences of past coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection for personal and population health are emerging, but accurately identifying distant infection is a challenge. Anti-spike antibodies rise after both vaccination and infection and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies rapidly decline.

Methods: We evaluated anti-membrane antibodies in COVID-19 naive, vaccinated, and convalescent subjects to determine if they persist and accurately detect distant infection.

Severe Gastroenteritis From Giardia lamblia and Salmonella Saintpaul Co-Infection Causing Acute Renal Failure.

Giardiasis, a feco-oral route parasitic intestinal infection, and Salmonellosis, a foodborne enteric and extraintestinal bacterial infection, remain major public health issues in countries that lack adequate sanitation, safe water supply, and proper food handling. Here we report a case of and invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease co-infection in a patient with a history of recent travel to Mexico.

Volumetric quantification of choroid and Haller's sublayer using OCT scans: An accurate and unified approach based on stratified smoothing.

Background And Objective: The choroid, a dense vascular structure in the posterior segment of the eye, maintains the health of the retina by supplying oxygen and nutrients, and assumes clinical significance in screening ocular diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). As a technological assist, algorithmic estimation of choroidal biomarkers has been suggested based on sectional (B-scan) optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. However, most such 2D estimation techniques are compute-intensive, yet enjoy limited accuracy and have only been validated on OCT image datasets of healthy eyes.