The value of a specialized second-opinion pathological diagnosis for oral and maxillofacial lesions.

Objectives: An error in the diagnosis of an oral or maxillofacial lesion could potentially be detrimental to a patient's prognosis and management. Major discrepancies between the initial and subsequent diagnoses of head and neck pathologies range from 7 to 53%. This study determined the rate of discrepancies found in the diagnoses of oral and maxillofacial lesions after a second opinion in Saudi Arabia.

Satisfaction With Facial Aesthetic Appearance Following Maxillomandibular Advancement (MMA) for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: A large cohort of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) require surgical intervention, sometimes in the form of maxillomandibular advancement (MMA), to correct their functional disturbance. Such a surgical procedure typically results in a slight modification of the patients' facial appearance. The purpose of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the rate of satisfaction with facial aesthetics post-MMA intervention and to assess its dependability on and relationship with other patient or treatment factors.

Surgical Management of Long-standing Eagle's Syndrome.

Introduction: Eagle's syndrome is a rare condition that refers to chronic recurrent pain in the oropharynx, face, and neck due to elongation of the styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament. It can be treated medically or surgically through a styloidectomy. In this paper, we review our experience with the two surgical approaches for the management of Eagle's syndrome.

Features of Prevertebral Disease in Patients Presenting to a Head and Neck Surgery Clinic with Neck Pain.

Introduction: Untreated prevertebral space infections, which can be overlooked because of connections with surrounding spaces, may lead to spinal epidural accumulations that cause cord compression. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiologic and diagnostic features of cases of prevertebral disease encountered by head and neck specialists.

Materials And Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective chart review of 11 patients with prevertebral disease who presented to a head and neck surgery specialist for consultation from 2004 to 2010.

Chemoresponse Assay in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Three-Year Follow Up.

Introduction: The majority of patients with advanced head and neck cancer receiving chemotherapy show partial response or frank resistance. Therefore, assessing the individuals' tumour reactivity to the eligible chemotherapeutic compounds carries the potential of personalizing the patient treatment and minimizing ineffective regimens which lead to excess toxicity and cost, treatment delays and possibly causing the tumour to be cross resistant to additional drugs.

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of a phenotypic chemoresponse assay in predicting response to chemotherapy in a retrospective series of head and neck cancer patients whose tumour specimens had been tested with ChemoFx assay (Precision Theraputic Inc.

N-glycosylation status of E-cadherin controls cytoskeletal dynamics through the organization of distinct β-catenin- and γ-catenin-containing AJs.

N-glycosylation of E-cadherin has been shown to inhibit cell-cell adhesion. Specifically, our recent studies have provided evidence that the reduction of E-cadherin N-glycosylation promoted the recruitment of stabilizing components, vinculin and serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), to adherens junctions (AJs) and enhanced the association of AJs with the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we examined the details of how N-glycosylation of E-cadherin affected the molecular organization of AJs and their cytoskeletal interactions.

Nonunion of mandibular midline osteotomy after tumor surgery and radiation repaired by endosseous implants.

Nonunion of the mandible after microvascular flap reconstruction of defects resulting from tumor surgery is a known but rare complication, occurring in 5% of cases. When nonunion results with the use of microvascular flaps, rigid internal fixation, and radiotherapy, other options to treat the nonunion carry a greater risk of osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis, and/or persistent nonunion. Although endosseous implants have been reported to cause mandibular fracture in some cases, our case proposes and supports the use of implants for immobilization and/or prevention of nonunion of the mandible in patients who have a high probability of this complication developing, thereby avoiding plating across the nonunion site with the risk of plate exposure and osteoradionecrosis.

Contralateral coronoid hyperplasia in patients undergoing hemimandibulectomy with disarticulation: a case series.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to evaluate whether hemimandibulectomy with disarticulation predisposes the patient to the development of contralateral coronoid hyperplasia, thereby justifying a coronoidectomy procedure for these patients to improve jaw function and mouth opening and decrease the length of postoperative physical therapy.

Patients And Methods: Five patients who had hemimandibular resection with disarticulation for odontogenic cysts and benign tumors followed by hemimandibular graft reconstruction with either a cadaveric hemimandible or an iliac crest bone graft, or both, were retrospectively reviewed. The Levandoski panoramic radiograph analysis, which has been proven to be useful in evaluating facial asymmetry and hyperplasia of the coronoid process in adults, was used to analyze preoperative panoramic radiographs as well as those obtained at postoperative months 3 and 6.

Orbital hemorrhage and compressive optic neuropathy in patients with midfacial fractures receiving low-molecular weight heparin therapy.

While the implementation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis in the hospital setting is a major concern, the use of antithrombotic agents is fraught with a variety of hemorrhagic complications. Due to increasing reports of adverse reactions to unfractionated heparin (UFH), several manufacturers have initiated product recalls. As a result, the use of low-molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) such as enoxaparin has risen substantially.

Perioperative management of patients with myasthenia gravis: prevention, recognition, and treatment.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and fatigability of skeletal muscles, with improvement following rest. The disease was so named because of a frequently fatal outcome. As recently as 30 years ago, 25% of patients with MG died of the disease.

Ophthalmic injuries in patients with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures requiring surgical repair.

Purpose: Injuries to the middle third of the face commonly destroy the integrity of the orbital skeleton, and are frequently complicated by injury to the eye, ranging between 2.7% and 90.6% in reported series.

The pattern of combined maxillofacial and cervical spine fractures.

Purpose: Prompt recognition of cervical fractures in patients with facial fractures is of prime importance, as failure to diagnose such injuries carries a significant risk of causing neurologic abnormalities, long-term disabilities, and even death. The aim of this retrospective case study is to describe the different patterns of combinations of maxillofacial and cervical spine (C-spine) injuries to provide guidance in diagnosis and care of patients with combined injuries.

Patients And Methods: The trauma directory of 1 academic institution was searched for records of 701 patients admitted with cervical spine fractures between January 2000 and June 2006.

A bioabsorbable collagen nerve cuff (NeuraGen) for repair of lingual and inferior alveolar nerve injuries: a case series.

Purpose: This study describes the results of using NeuraGen (Integra LifeSciences, Plainsboro, NJ) as a nerve cuff for repair of lingual and inferior alveolar nerve injuries following third molar surgery.

Patients And Methods: Eight female patients received a total of 9 NeuraGen cuffs for repair of lingual (6) or inferior alveolar (3) nerves. All injuries were treated within 3 to 7 months following injury.