Reversal mechanism of multidrug-resistant cancer cells by lectin as chemo-adjuvant and targeted therapy- a systematic review.

Background: Cancer is characterized as the leading cause of death, and the susceptibility of cancer cells to develop resistance due to long-term exposure to complementary chemotherapeutic treatment is referred to as multidrug resistance cancer cells (MDRC), which is a significant obstacle in the treatment of malignancies. Since complementary medicine lost its effectiveness, the development of potential alternative and novel therapeutic approaches has been elevated to a top priority in recent years. In this context, a bioactive protein lectin from plant and animal sources exhibits an invaluable source of anticancer agents with vast therapeutic potential.

Jackfruit waste: an invented anticancer therapy using Jacalin lectin from jackfruit seed.

Every food source contains both edible and inedible waste components. Millions of tonnes of trash from the food business are made from fruits, and these wastes are containing higher-value medicinal components, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic contents, a huge amount of proteins and secondary metabolites. These bioactive phytoconstituents are being used for the treatment of many serious fatal diseases.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory action of Calebin A: An in silico and in vitro analysis.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, the enhancers of incretin are used for the treatment of diabetes. The non-glycaemic actions of these drugs (under developmental stage) also proved that repurposing of these molecules may be advantageous for other few complicated disorders like cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc. OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed to investigate the DPP-IV inhibitory potential of Calebin-A, one of the constituents of Curcuma longa.

Potential Implications of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 Blockades on Neuroinflammation in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been reported as a portal for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Consequently, scientific strategies to combat coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) were targeted to arrest SARS-CoV-2 invasion by blocking ACE2. While blocking ACE2 appears a beneficial approach to treat COVID-19, clinical concerns have been raised primarily due to the various intrinsic roles of ACE2 in neurological functions.

Phytoconstituents and their Possible Mechanistic Profile for Alzheimer's Disease - A Literature Review.

Memory is an associated part of life without which livelihood of a human being becomes miserable. As the global aged population is increasing tremendously, time has come to concentrate on tail end life stage diseases. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of such diseases whose origin is enigmatic, having an impact on later stage of life drastically due to irreparable damage of cognition, characterised by the presence of neurotoxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and hyper phosphorylated Tau protein as fibrillary tangles.

A combination of resveratrol and 3,3'-diindolylmethane, a potent radioprotector.

Purpose: Exposure to ionizing radiation causes damage to the genomic integrity and stability of the cell. Though a large number of molecules have been studied for their radioprotective capability, no single agent is available today that meets all the requirements of a good radiprotector. In this study, we have investigated a combination of Resveratrol (RSV) and 3,3'-Diindolyl methane (DIM) for its efficacy for radioprotection.

Possible role of DPP4 inhibitors to promote hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.

As well-known to the scientific community, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that ends up with impairment of memory and cognition. Patient quality of life can be enhanced by targeting neurogenesis as a therapeutic paradigm. Preserving functional activity of SDF-1α and GLP-1 by DPPIV inhibition will enhance the homing of stem cells and modulate cell signalling pathways.

DPP4 Inhibitors Can Be a Drug of Choice for Type 3 Diabetes: A Mini Review.

As well known to the scientific community, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that ends up with impairment of memory and cognition due to neuronal and synapse loss. Patient's quality of life can be enhanced by targeting neurogenesis as a therapeutic paradigm. Moreover, several research evidences support the concept that AD is a type of metabolic disorder mediated by impairment in brain insulin responsiveness and energy metabolism.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition by Pterocarpus marsupium and Eugenia jambolana ameliorates streptozotocin induced Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by the loss of normal functions of brain cells and neuronal death, ultimately leading to memory loss. Recent accumulating evidences have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of anti-diabetic agents, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), providing opportunities to explore and test the DPP-4 inhibitors for treating this fatal disease. Prior studies determining the efficacy of Pterocarpus marsupium (PM, Fabaceae) and Eugenia jambolana (EJ, Myrtaceae) extracts for ameliorating type 2 diabetes have demonstrated the DPP-4 inhibitory properties indicating the possibility of using of these extracts even for the treating AD.

Assessment of inhibitory potential of Pothos scandens L. on ovalbumin-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in balb/c mice.

Pothos scandens L. was used in Indian traditional medicine as an antiasthmatic drug. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared with aerial parts of P.

Vildagliptin: an anti-diabetes agent ameliorates cognitive deficits and pathology observed in streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: Adults who develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) at later stages are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Pharmacological agents such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors that increase the levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and ameliorate T2D have also become promising candidates as disease-modifying agents in the treatment of AD. The present study investigates the efficacy of vildagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of AD.

A molecular connection of Pterocarpus marsupium, Eugenia jambolana and Gymnema sylvestre with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in the treatment of diabetes.

Context: Pterocarpus marsupium (PM) (Leguminosae), Eugenia jambolana (EJ) (Myrtaceae) and Gymnema sylvestre (GS) (Asclepiadaceae) are the most important medicinal plants in the Indian system of traditional medicine for the treatment of hyperglycemia.

Objectives: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are the emerging class of anti-diabetic agents. However, only few compounds are commercially available.

Saxagliptin: a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor ameliorates streptozotocin induced Alzheimer's disease.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the major risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have found similarities in molecular mechanisms that underlie the respective degenerative developments in the two diseases. Pharmacological agents, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which increase the level of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and ameliorate T2D, have become valuable candidates as disease modifying agents in the treatment of AD.

Development and biological evaluation of Gymnema sylvestre extract-loaded nonionic surfactant-based niosomes.

Aim: To develop and characterize Gymnema sylvestre extract-loaded niosomes using nonionic surfactants, and to evaluate their antihyperglycemic efficacy in comparison with the parent extract.

Materials & Methods: Nonionic surfactant-based G. sylvestre extract-loaded niosomes were prepared using the thin-film hydration method.

Determination of gymnemagenin in rat plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to pharmacokinetics after oral administration of Gymnema sylvestre extract.

A sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of gymnemagenin (GMG), a triterpene sapogenin from Gymnema sylvestre, in rat plasma using withaferin A as the internal standard (IS). Plasma samples were simply extracted using liquid-liquid extraction with tetra-butyl methyl ether. Chromatographic separation was performed on Luna C(18) column using gradient elution of water and methanol (with 0.