Rates of PCR Positivity of Pleural Drainage Fluid in COVID-19 Patients: Is It Expected?

Background: Tube thoracostomy, utilized through conventional methodologies in the context of pleural disorders such as pleural effusion and pneumothorax, constitutes one of the primary therapeutic interventions. Nonetheless, it is imperative to recognize that invasive procedures, including tube thoracostomy, are classified as aerosol-generating activities during the management of pleural conditions in patients afflicted with COVID-19, thus raising substantial concerns regarding the potential exposure of healthcare personnel to the virus. The objective of this investigation was to assess the SARS-CoV-2 viral load by detecting viral RNA in pleural drainage specimens from patients who underwent tube thoracostomy due to either pleural effusion or pneumothorax.

The minimum effective concentration (MEC90) of bupivacaine for an ultrasound-guided suprainguinal fascia iliaca compartment block for analgesia in knee surgery: a dose-finding study.

Background: In recent years, the suprainguinal fascia iliaca compartment block (SFICB) has become more common in clinical practice. This assessor-blinded dose-finding study aimed to determine the minimum effective concentration (MEC90, MEC95) of bupivacaine for a single-injection SFICB in patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament repair.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital (postoperative recovery room and ward).

The effects of dexmedetomidine on trauma-induced secondary injury in rat brain.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex), a sedative drug with little or no depressant effect on respiratory centers, on secondary injury in rat brain tissue by means of the Na+/K+ ATPase enzyme, which maintains the cell membrane ion gradient; malondialdehyde, an indicator of membrane lipid peroxidation; glutathione, an indicator of antioxidant capacity; and histopathological analyses.

Methods: Eighteen rats were randomized into three groups: the trauma group received anesthesia, followed by head trauma with a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Apparatus; the Trauma+Dex group received an additional treatment of 100 µg/kg intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine daily for three days; the Control group received anesthesia only.

Results: The highest MDA levels compared to the Control group were found in the Trauma group.

Neuroprotective effects of Vaccinium myrtillus on damage-related brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury may trigger the secondary brain injury, which has the potential to be reversible and thus preventable. Anthocyanins are phylotherapeutic plants, which are reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of an anthocyanin, namely Vaccinium myrtillus, to alleviate secondary brain injury and identify possible mechanism of actions.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Different Plane Blocks in Isolated Bypass Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of serratus anterior plane block (SPB) and its combination with transverse thoracic muscle plane block (TTPB) on analgesia, opioid consumption, incentive spirometry performance, and patient comfort.

Design: A prospective, observational study.

Setting: A university hospital.

Protective effect of thymoquinone in preventing trauma-related damage: an experimental study.

Background: Secondary injury is a potentially modifiable factor of outcome in traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to investigate thymoquinone's effects on trauma-induced neuronal damage.

Methods: Eighteen adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into three groups following ketamine and xylazine anaesthesia ( = 6): Control, Trauma, Trauma + Thymoquinone.

Dynamic thiol/disulphide balance in patients undergoing hypotensive anesthesia in elective septoplasties.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of hypotensive anaesthesia on oxidative stress with serum thiol/disulphide balance in patients undergoing elective septoplasty procedures under general anaesthesia.

Methods: Seventy-two patients between the ages of 18-60, with a physical condition I -II, according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists, were included in this prospective observational study. Septoplasty was chosen for standard surgical stress.

The effect of dexmedetomidine on liver injury secondary to lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion in a diabetic rat model.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hepatic protective effects of dexmedetomidine in the lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion model in diabetic rats biochemically and histopathologically. Rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (n = 6); Control (C) group, diabetic control group (DM), diabetic ischemia-reperfusion group (IR), group with diabetic IR and dexmedetomidine (DEX). In the IR and DEX groups were performed 120 min reperfusion after 120 min ischemia.

The protective effects of adalimumab on intestinal injury induced with infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Background: The present study aims to observe the effects of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) on small intestines at a molecular level and to prospectively assess the potential preventive role of adalimumab (ADA) and antioxidants.

Methods: A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups-a control group, an IR group and an IR+ADA group.

Results: Although there was no change in SOD levels in the small bowel tissue of the IR group, we observed increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased numerical density of caspase-3 and TNF-α positive enterocytes p=0.

Comparison of the Effects of Minimal and High-Flow Anaesthesia on Cerebral Perfusion During Septorhinoplasty.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of minimal-and high-flow anaesthesia on cerebral oxygenation during septorhinoplasty with controlled hypotension using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Methods: Eighty patients scheduled for septorhinoplasty under general anaesthesia with controlled hypotension were randomised into two groups: minimal-flow (MF) or high-flow (HF). Both groups received desflurane anaesthesia to maintain bispectral index values at 40%-50% and 0.

Comparison of Metoprolol and Tramadol with Remifentanil in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objective: Controlled hypotension is commonly induced during functional endoscopic sinus surgery to limit mucosal bleeding. This may be detrimental to elderly patients and patients with arterial stenosis. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if a normotensive anaesthetic technique with sufficient analgesia and without profound vasodilation may reduce intraoperative bleeding and incidence of adverse haemodynamic effects associated with vasodilation and variable rate continuous infusions.

[Comparison of King Vision video laryngoscope and Macintosh laryngoscope: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial].

Background And Objectives: We compared the efficiency of the King Vision video laryngoscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope, when used by experienced anesthesiologists on adult patients with varying intubating conditions, in a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial.

Methods: A total of 388 patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I or II, scheduled for general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Each patient was intubated with both laryngoscopes successively, in a randomized order.

Complication of Peribulbar Block: Brainstem Anaesthesia.

Peribulbar block is used to obtain anaesthesia and akinesia of the eye by injecting a local anaesthetic around the musclecone. A patient scheduled for cataract surgery received peribulbar block with 6 mL of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride. Following the injection, confusion, hypotension and dilatation of the contralateral pupil rapidly progressed to loss of consciousness and respiratory arrest.

Cartilaginous Choristoma of the Tonsil: Three Case Reports.

Introduction: Choristoma is defined as the presence of cells in abnormal locations due to defects during embryological development. The word choristoma implies a neoplasm; whereas heterotopia refers to a displaced tissue without necessarily being a swelling or a neoplasm. Literature contains reports of cartilaginous choristoma in the cervix, endometrium, breast tissue, and oral region.

Effect of cooled hyperbaric bupivacaine on unilateral spinal anesthesia success rate and hemodynamic complications in inguinal hernia surgery.

Purpose: We hypothesized that cooling hyperbaric bupivacaine from 23 to 5 °C may limit the intrathecal spread of bupivacaine and therefore increase the success rate of unilateral spinal anesthesia and decrease the rate of hemodynamic complications.

Methods: A hundred patients scheduled for elective unilateral inguinal hernia surgery were randomly allocated to receive 1.8 ml of 0.

Cardiac arrest following butane inhalation.

Butane is a commonly misused volatile agent, and a cause of intoxication. We present a case, who had a syncope and persistent ventricular fibrillation during the course of resuscitation. We discussed the management of this case in the intensive care unit and the accompanying difficulties in the light of the current literature.

Chronic abdominal pain in a patient with escobar syndrome.

Escobar syndrome is characterized with multiple pterygia or webs of the skin and multiple congenital anomalies. We present a 15-year-old patient with Escobar syndrome who complained of persistent blunt abdominal pain for 1 year. Preoperative evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of imperforate hymen, and the patient underwent hymenectomy under intravenous sedation.

Retrieval of embolized tip of port catheter from branch of right pulmonary artery using a macro snare catheter.

Rupture of the silicon port catheter is a relatively rare complication. Ruptured part usually embolizes; therefore, removal of foreign body may be difficult. These ports usually migrate to right-sided chambers, main pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary subbranches.

Efficacy of continuous epidural analgesia versus total intravenous analgesia on postoperative pain control in endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a retrospective case-control study.

We reviewed our experience to compare the effectiveness of epidural analgesia and total intravenous analgesia on postoperative pain control in patients undergoing endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Records of 32 patients during a 2-year period were retrospectively investigated. TIVA group (n = 18) received total intravenous anesthesia, and EA group (n = 14) received epidural anesthesia and sedation.

Influence of infliximab pretreatment on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat intestine.

The Pringle maneuver is used in hepatic surgery to prevent blood loss but is associated with ischemia- reperfusion injury. To investigate the effect of infliximab on inflammation and apoptosis in rat intestinal mucosa during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. A total of 30 male Wistar albino rats were equally divided into three groups to be subjected to (i) sham operation (sham), (ii) IR injury via Pringle maneuver (pringle) or (iii) infliximab (IFX) group (IFX was given at a dose 3 mg/kg for 3 days before IR injury).

In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial features of vasopressors.

Background: Drugs administered as intravenous infusion may be contaminated during several stages of production or preparation. However studies focusing on antibacterial effects of vasopressor drugs are very rare. This study investigates the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the clinically used forms of vasopressors.

Anti-nociceptive, analgesic and pathohistological effects of intrathecal dexmedetomidine and bupivacaine in rats.

Background And Objectives: This study investigates analgesic and nociceptive effects of adding dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine neuraxial anesthesia through Tail-flick (TF) and Hot-plate (HP) tests and the pathohistological changes on spinal nerves and nerve roots through light microscopy.

Methods: Forty anesthetized, male Sprague-Dawley rats were intrathecally catheterized. Basal values of TF and HP tests were measured before and after catheterization.

The role of cultural interaction in Tianeptine Abuse and Different Tianeptine Application Methods.

Tianeptine is a selective serotonin reuptake enhancer, possessing strong antidepressant and anxiolytic properties. Its relative lack of sedative, anticholinergic and cardiovascular side effects makes it a highly tolerable substance of abuse. However, physical dependence quickly develops and withdrawal symptoms are common.

Comparison of the effects of local and systemic dexamethasone on the rat traumatic sciatic nerve model.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of peroperatively locally administered dexamethasone on nerve recovery after induced nerve crush injury.

Material And Methods: 4 groups of 8 animals were formed. The sciatic nerves of 32 rats were exposed at midthigh level and those of 24 rats were crushed for 30 seconds with a pair of jeweler's forceps.